6,489 research outputs found
Residual Action of Slow Release Systemic Insecticides on \u3ci\u3eRhopalosiphum Padi\u3c/i\u3e (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Wheat
Slow release formulations of acephate and carbofuran encapsulated in pearl corn starch or corn flour granules were applied to the soil at seeding time of potted \u27Caldwell\u27 wheat in the laboratory. Dosages of these insecticides were adjusted to a standard of IO kg/ha of a 10 10 granular formulation of carbofuran. The residual action of these insecticide treatments against Rhopalosiphum padi were compared with those obtained with that of carbofuran 150 at corresponding dosages and foliar sprays of solutions of acephate (25 10 EC) at 0.2 10 and carbofuran (4F) at 1.25 10, applied 12 d after seedling emergence. The residual action of carbofuran 150, which controlled R. padi since seedling emergence, lasted 28.5 d. The slow release granular formulations of carbofuran began to provide control (\u3e 50 10 aphid mortality) on days 13.3 and 17.9 after seeding. They controlled the insect until days 31.6 and 35.5 after seeding. The two corresponding granular formulations of acephate began to provide control on days 15.0 and 17.0 after seeding and con trolled the aphids until days 31.5 and 32.8 after seeding. The foliar sprays of acephate and carbofuran provided control for 18.3 and 36.2 d from application, respectively. The slow release granular formulations provided control of R. padi, an important vector of barley yellow dwarf virus, during early. stages of wheat development
Dynamic Boundaries in Asymmetric Exclusion Processes
We investigate the dynamics of a one-dimensional asymmetric exclusion process
with Langmuir kinetics and a fluctuating wall. At the left boundary, particles
are injected onto the lattice; from there, the particles hop to the right.
Along the lattice, particles can adsorb or desorb, and the right boundary is
defined by a wall particle. The confining wall particle has intrinsic forward
and backward hopping, a net leftward drift, and cannot desorb. Performing Monte
Carlo simulations and using a moving-frame finite segment approach coupled to
mean field theory, we find the parameter regimes in which the wall acquires a
steady state position. In other regimes, the wall will either drift to the left
and fall off the lattice at the injection site, or drift indefinitely to the
right. Our results are discussed in the context of non-equilibrium phases of
the system, fluctuating boundary layers, and particle densities in the lab
frame versus the frame of the fluctuating wall.Comment: 13 page
Self-stigma and weight loss: The impact of fear of being stigmatized
The current study sought to examine whether two facets of weight self-stigma (fear of enacted stigma and self-devaluation) were associated with weight change and treatment engagement for 188 individuals participating in a 3-month online weight loss program. Fear of enacted stigma predicted less weight loss 3-months later after controlling for demographics, eating problems, and psychological symptoms. Self-devaluation did not predict weight loss. Neither weight self-stigma variable predicted engagement in the online program. These results add to the literature indicating the negative effects of weight self-stigma while highlighting the central role of fear of being stigmatized by others in this process
What Do Physicians Recommend To Their Overweight and Obese Patients?
Background: It is recognized that physicians play an important role in responding to the nation\u27s obesity epidemic. Little is known, however, about what physicians say to their obese patients to help them lose weight.
Objective: This cross-sectional survey examined weight loss recommendations of family physicians and internists. Surveys were mailed to 188 physicians and 54% (n = 101) responded. The survey assessed physicians’ weight loss recommendations, the basis for recommendations, and their expected weight loss outcomes for a hypothetical patient. Physicians rated the extent to which they recommended various weight control strategies to their obese patients. They also rated the extent to which clinical experience, personal experience, and the medical literature were important in formulating their recommendations.
Results: The most common strategies recommended were increasing physical activity, reducing consumption of fast foods, reducing portion sizes, and reducing soda consumption. Physicians were less likely to recommended regular self-weighing, recording food intake, and decreasing television viewing. Meal replacements and weight loss medications were rarely advised. Physicians reported that they based their weight loss recommendations more on clinical experience than on the medical literature or personal experience; these latter 2 were rated as equally important. Physicians reported that, from their perspective, the equivalent of a 21.5% weight loss would be an acceptable outcome for a hypothetical obese patient; a 10.6% weight loss disappointing.
Conclusions: Physicians, like patients, need to be educated about the benefits of modest weight loss and the weight loss strategies empirically proven to be most effective, including self-monitoring. Further research is needed to understand the barriers to recommending and implementing these effective strategies
Quantitative atomic spectroscopy for primary thermometry
Quantitative spectroscopy has been used to measure accurately the
Doppler-broadening of atomic transitions in Rb vapor. By using a
conventional platinum resistance thermometer and the Doppler thermometry
technique, we were able to determine with a relative uncertainty of
, and with a deviation of from the
expected value. Our experiment, using an effusive vapour, departs significantly
from other Doppler-broadened thermometry (DBT) techniques, which rely on weakly
absorbing molecules in a diffusive regime. In these circumstances, very
different systematic effects such as magnetic sensitivity and optical pumping
are dominant. Using the model developed recently by Stace and Luiten, we
estimate the perturbation due to optical pumping of the measured value
was less than . The effects of optical pumping on atomic and
molecular DBT experiments is mapped over a wide range of beam size and
saturation intensity, indicating possible avenues for improvement. We also
compare the line-broadening mechanisms, windows of operation and detection
limits of some recent DBT experiments
Combined Modeling of US Fluvial, Pluvial, and Coastal Flood Hazard Under Current and Future Climates
One-Loop Supergravity Corrections to the Black Hole Entropy and Residual Supersymmetry
We study the one-loop corrections to the effective on-shell action of N=2
supergravity in the background of the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. In the
extreme case the contributions from graviton, gravitino and photon to the
one-loop corrections to the entropy are shown to cancel. This gives the first
explicit example of the supersymmetric non-renormalization theorem for the
on-shell action (entropy) for BPS configurations which admit Killing spinors.
We display the residual supersymmetry of the perturbations of a general
supersymmetric theory in a bosonic BPS background.Comment: 13 Pages, LaTe
Technical Change, Investment and Energy Intensity
Abstract in HTML and technical report in PDF available on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change website (http://mit.edu/globalchange/www/).This paper analyzes the role of different components of technical change on energy intensity by applying a Translog variable cost function setting to the new EU KLEMS dataset for 3 selected EU countries (Italy, Finland and Spain). The framework applied represents an accounting of technical change components, comprising autonomous as well as embodied and induced technical change. The inducement of embodied technical change is introduced by an equation for the physical capital stock that is a fixed factor in the short-run. The dataset on capital services and user costs of capital in EUKLEMS enables explaining capital accumulation depending on factor prices. The model can be used for explaining and tracing back the long-run impact of prices and technical change on energy intensity.This paper is based on the EU KLEMS database, which has been funded by the European Commission, Research Directorate General as part of the 6th Framework Programme, Priority 8, “Policy Support and Anticipating Scientific and Technological Needs” (project 502049)
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