9,730 research outputs found
Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Sistem Penggajian Karyawan CV. Inti Daya Engineering
CV. Inti Daya Engineering adalah Perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang persewaan Generator Set, pengolahan plat dan pembuatan silent canopy untuk Generator Set. Pada saat ini, sistem penggajian karyawan di CV. Inti Daya Engineering masih dilakukan secara manual. Rekap data absensi karyawan pun masih dihitung secara manual. Pencatatan secara manual akan menyulitkan HRD karena tiap bulan harus mengumpulkan tiap form yang ada lalu disesuaikan dengan karyawan yang bersangkutan untuk dihitung besar gajinya. Jika ada dokumen yang lupa dicatat, ataupun hilang maka akan membutuhkan waktu yang lama karena harus disesuaikan dengan catatan kerja karyawan dan lain sebagainya.Berdasarkan latar belakang permasalahan tersebut, maka dirancang sebuah Sistem Penggajian Karyawan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari aplikasi yang telah dibuat antara lain dapat menyimpan segala data yang diperlukan untuk perhitungan gaji dimulai dari data absensi, komponen khusus, cuti karyawan, pinjaman ke Perusahaan, data pajak, rekap data absensi per bulan secara otomatis, perhitungan gaji karyawan secara otomatis, perhitungan pajak per bulan dan lampiran SPT 1721 – A1 untuk karyawan
Frequency decoding of periodically timed action potentials through distinct activity patterns in a random neural network
Frequency discrimination is a fundamental task of the auditory system. The
mammalian inner ear, or cochlea, provides a place code in which different
frequencies are detected at different spatial locations. However, a temporal
code based on spike timing is also available: action potentials evoked in an
auditory-nerve fiber by a low-frequency tone occur at a preferred phase of the
stimulus-they exhibit phase locking-and thus provide temporal information about
the tone's frequency. In an accompanying psychoacoustic study, and in agreement
with previous experiments, we show that humans employ this temporal information
for discrimination of low frequencies. How might such temporal information be
read out in the brain? Here we demonstrate that recurrent random neural
networks in which connections between neurons introduce characteristic time
delays, and in which neurons require temporally coinciding inputs for spike
initiation, can perform sharp frequency discrimination when stimulated with
phase-locked inputs. Although the frequency resolution achieved by such
networks is limited by the noise in phase locking, the resolution for realistic
values reaches the tiny frequency difference of 0.2% that has been measured in
humans.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, and supplementary informatio
Standard errors and confidence intervals in within-subjects designs: Generalizing Loftus and Masson (1994) and avoiding the biases of alternative accounts
Repeated measures designs are common in experimental psychology. Because of the correlational structure in these designs, the calculation and interpretation of confidence intervals is nontrivial. One solution was provided by Loftus and Masson (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 1:476–490, 1994). This solution, although widely adopted, has the limitation of implying same-size confidence intervals for all factor levels, and therefore does not allow for the assessment of variance homogeneity assumptions (i.e., the circularity assumption, which is crucial for the repeated measures ANOVA). This limitation and the method’s perceived complexity have sometimes led scientists to use a simplified variant, based on a per-subject normalization of the data (Bakeman & McArthur, Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 28:584–589, 1996; Cousineau, Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology 1:42–45, 2005; Morey, Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology 4:61–64, 2008; Morrison & Weaver, Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 27:52–56, 1995). We show that this normalization method leads to biased results and is uninformative with regard to circularity. Instead, we provide a simple, intuitive generalization of the Loftus and Masson method that allows for assessment of the circularity assumption
Surveillance Mammography in Older Patients With Breast Cancer—Can We Ever Stop?: A Review
Approximately 4–5% of breast cancer survivors will develop a new ipsilateral or contralateral cancer (“in-breast event”) over the 5 years following diagnosis, and annual surveillance mammography is recommended for those with residual breast tissue. The risk for such in-breast events persists over time, though increasing age at cancer diagnosis and treatment with hormonal therapy are associated with lower risk, and most older breast cancer survivors will ultimately die from non-breast cancer related causes. Specific guidelines for surveillance strategies in older patients are limited. Prospective data on the benefits and harms of surveillance mammography in this population are lacking, and most of the evidence is derived from observational, retrospective data, often in the general population
Persistence, adherence, and toxicity with oral CMF in older women with early-stage breast cancer (Adherence Companion Study 60104 for CALGB 49907)
Cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-5-fluorouracil (CMF) is often selected as adjuvant chemotherapy for older patients with early-stage breast cancer due to perceived superior tolerability. We sought to measure persistence with CMF, adherence to oral cyclophosphamide, and the association of these with toxic effects
Early Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Observations of the Quasar 3C 454.3
This is the first report of Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope observations of
the quasar 3C 454.3, which has been undergoing pronounced long-term outbursts
since 2000. The data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT), covering 2008 July 7
- October 6, indicate strong, highly variable gamma-ray emission with an
average flux of ~3 x 10^{-6} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1}, for energies above 100
MeV. The gamma-ray flux is variable, with strong, distinct,
symmetrically-shaped flares for which the flux increases by a factor of several
on a time scale of about three days. This variability indicates a compact
emission region, and the requirement that the source is optically thin to
pair-production implies relativistic beaming with Doppler factor delta > 8,
consistent with the values inferred from VLBI observations of superluminal
expansion (delta ~ 25). The observed gamma-ray spectrum is not consistent with
a simple power-law, but instead steepens strongly above ~2 GeV, and is well
described by a broken power-law with photon indices of ~2.3 and ~3.5 below and
above the break, respectively. This is the first direct observation of a break
in the spectrum of a high luminosity blazar above 100 MeV, and it is likely
direct evidence for an intrinsic break in the energy distribution of the
radiating particles. Alternatively, the spectral softening above 2 GeV could be
due to gamma-ray absorption via photon-photon pair production on the soft X-ray
photon field of the host AGN, but such an interpretation would require the
dissipation region to be located very close (less than 100 gravitational radii)
to the black hole, which would be inconsistent with the X-ray spectrum of the
source.Comment: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal; corresponding authors: Greg
Madejski ([email protected]) and Benoit Lott ([email protected]
Physical activity, weight, and outcomes in patients receiving chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (C40502/Alliance)
Background: Obesity and inactivity are associated with increased risk of cancer-related and overall mortality in breast cancer, but there are few data in metastatic disease.
Methods: Cancer and Leukemia Group B 40502 was a randomized trial of first-line taxane-based chemotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Height and weight were collected at enrollment. After 299 patients enrolled, the study was amended to assess recreational physical activity (PA) at enrollment using the Nurses\u27 Health Study Exercise Questionnaire. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using stratified Cox modeling (strata included hormone receptor status, prior taxane, bevacizumab use, and treatment arm). All statistical tests were 2-sided.
Results: A total of 799 patients were enrolled, and at the time of data lock, median follow-up was 60 months. At enrollment, median age was 56.7 years, 73.1% of participants had hormone receptor-positive cancers, 42.6% had obesity, and 47.6% engaged in less than 3 metabolic equivalents of task (MET) hours of PA per week (\u3c1 hour of moderate PA). Neither baseline body mass index nor PA was statistically significantly associated with PFS or OS, although there was a marginally statistically significant increase in PFS (hazard ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.79 to 1.02;
Conclusions: In a trial of first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer, rates of obesity and inactivity were high. There was no statistically significant relationship between body mass index and outcomes. More information is needed regarding the relationship between PA and outcomes
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