The ugly in aesthetics

First we must admit representative ugliness tor purposes of realism, truth, and in connection with the significant the characteristic and such types. Also, we must admit distortion tor purposes of power, emotional strength, logical and organic consistency, and so forth. Possibly the ugly may be admitted to heighten beauty; and certain other forms of the ugly will be admitted artistically so long as comedy and tragedy are called art-forms. So far, then, as beauty in the wide sense is concerned, the first category or ugliness cannot be anti-thetical to beauty because it is included in, beauty, and is a positive factor of aesthetic enjoyment. What we have judged finally to be real ugliness is, on the other hand, opposed to beauty in that it is negative, a lack of what should exist in good art

Wildflowers and Ferns of Kentucky

Since Kentucky is situated at a biological crossroads in eastern North America, citizens and visitors to this beautiful state are likely to be greeted by an astonishing variety of wildflowers. This non-technical guide—featuring more than five hundred dazzling full-color photographs by award-winning photographer Thomas G. Barnes—is the state’s indispensable guide to the most common species in the Commonwealth. With this book, readers will learn to identify and appreciate Kentucky wildflowers and ferns by matching photographs and leaf line drawings to the more than six hundred and fifty species of flowers covered in the book. Extremely practical and simple to use, the guide’s color photographs and line drawings appear with plant descriptions for easy identification, and plants are grouped by flower color and blooming season. Each species listing includes the plant’s common and scientific name, plant family, habitat, frequency, and distribution throughout Kentucky, with similar species listed in the notes. There is no other volume that covers the flora of Kentucky with such ease of identification. The first new statewide guide to appear in thirty years, with its combination of high quality photographs, illustrations, portability, and easy organization of information, Wildflowers and Ferns of Kentucky is an essential addition to the library or field pack of the wildflower enthusiast, naturalist, and anyone else who loves the outdoors. Thomas G. Barnes, an extension professor of forestry and wildlife specialist in the Department of Forestry, College of Agriculture at the University of Kentucky, is the author of Kentucky’s Last Great Places. Former naturalist S. Wilson Francis, Ph.D., is park superintendent at Natural Bridge State Resort Park in Kentucky. An essential addition to the library or field pack of the wildflower enthusiast or naturalist. —Kentucky Alumni A striking volume, memorable not only for its color photographs and plant descriptions but also for its introductory exposition of such pertinent matters as finding a good definition for \u27wildflower\u27 and one for \u27weed.\u27 —Mountain Eagle There isn\u27t a gardener on your gift list who wouldn\u27t be delighted by this book. Don\u27t forget-you need a copy too. —Southsider Wildflowers and Ferns of Kentucky is an extraordinarily beautiful, helpful, full color, 344-page guide showing 634 of the most common species of native ferns and seed-bearing wildflowers in Kentucky. —State Magazine Utilizes strong artistic compositions without compromising the identifiable characteristics of the plant. —Burpee Museum of Natural History This book is an excellent choice for professionals and general readers interested in the flora of Kentucky, adjacent states, and the northeastern US. . . . Highly recommended. —Choice Contains superb color photographs that make identifying the ferns and flowers much easier. —Modern Mountain Magazine A must-have for Kentuckiana gardeners. . . . A beautiful book that is easy to use (and carry) as a field guide. —Perry County News An astonishing variety of plant life exists in Kentucky\u27s diverse geography, and the book represents the impressive mix. . . . Even a botanical novice will benefit from perusing this delightfully blooming book. —Southern Livinghttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_plant_sciences/1005/thumbnail.jp

Electrophoretic Deposition of TiO2 Thin Films for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water

In this study, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique was used to deposit titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films on conducting glass substrates for application in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water. Phenol was used as a model pollutant. The EPD suspension related parameters and deposition conditions were first optimized for good quality film deposits. The suspension stability and deposition conditions that result in good adherence of TiO2 particles to the substrate with homogeneous film coatings  are ethanol, a TiO2 solid loading of 4 wt%, a 0.2 wt% iodine concentration in the solvent and a deposition voltage of 20 V in a time of 3.5 minutes. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films decreased exponentially with the ultraviolet light (UV) illumination time and it was also dependent on film thickness, and sintering temperature of the TiO2 thin films. Highest rate of photocatalytic activity was observed at an optimal film thickness of 95 ± 2 µm sintered at 300 °C. The implications of these results are discussed for design of inexpensive wastewater purification systems for light industries as well for semi urban small communities.Keywords: Electrophoretic deposition; Titanium dioxid

Displacement of transport processes on networked topologies

Consider a particle whose position evolves along the edges of a network. One definition for the displacement of a particle is the length of the shortest path on the network between the current and initial positions of the particle. Such a definition fails to incorporate information of the actual path the particle traversed. In this work we consider another definition for the displacement of a particle on networked topologies. Using this definition, which we term the winding distance, we demonstrate that for Brownian particles, confinement to a network can induce a transition in the mean squared displacement from diffusive to ballistic behaviour, $\langle x^2(t) \rangle \propto t^2$ for long times. A multiple scales approach is used to derive a macroscopic evolution equation for the displacement of a particle and uncover a topological condition for whether this transition in the mean squared displacement will occur. Furthermore, for networks satisfying this topological condition, we identify a prediction of the timescale upon which the displacement transitions to long-time behaviour. Finally, we extend the investigation of displacement on networks to a class of anomalously diffusive transport processes, where we find that the mean squared displacement at long times is affected by both network topology and the character of the transport process.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figure

Large magnetoresistance at room-temperature in small molecular weight organic semiconductor sandwich devices

We present an extensive study of a large, room temperature negative magnetoresistance (MR) effect in tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum sandwich devices in weak magnetic fields. The effect is similar to that previously discovered in polymer devices. We characterize this effect and discuss its dependence on field direction, voltage, temperature, film thickness, and electrode materials. The MR effect reaches almost 10% at fields of approximately 10 mT at room temperature. The effect shows only a weak temperature dependence and is independent of the sign and direction of the magnetic field. Measuring the devices' current-voltage characteristics, we find that the current depends on the voltage through a power-law. We find that the magnetic field changes the prefactor of the power-law, whereas the exponent remains unaffected. We also studied the effect of the magnetic field on the electroluminescence (MEL) of the devices and analyze the relationship between MR and MEL. We find that the largest part of MEL is simply a consequence of a change in device current caused by the MR effect.Comment: 8 figure

The Williams Scale of Attitude toward Paganism: development and application among British Pagans

This article builds on the tradition of attitudinal measures of religiosity established by Leslie Francis and colleagues with the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity (and reflected in the Sahin-Francis Scale of Attitude toward Islam, the Katz-Francis Scale of Attitude toward Judaism, and the Santosh-Francis Scale of Attitude toward Hinduism) by introducing a new measure to assess the attitudinal disposition of Pagans. A battery of items was completed by 75 members of a Pagan Summer Camp. These items were reduced to produce a 21-item scale that measured aspects of Paganism concerned with: the God/Goddess, worshipping, prayer, and coven. The scale recorded an alpha coefficient of 0.93. Construct validity of the Williams Scale of Attitude toward Paganism was demonstrated by the clear association with measures of participation in private rituals

Measurement uncertainty as a threshold concept in Physics

We report on the initial findings of a study aimed at developing ways to address threshold concepts in the design of undergraduate curricula, involving academics in two disciplines (physics and law) from four Australian universities The present paper compares two different processes by which physics academics identified and characterised a candidate threshold concept, measurement uncertainty, using student interviews and their own experiences as teachers