Scientific and Ethical Considerations for Increasing Minority Participation in Clinical Trials

Since its inception, a major weakness in clinical trial research has been an inability to recruit diverse populations into clinical trials. These under-represented populations are mostly comprised of the poor, the elderly, children, women, and racial/ethnic minorities (African Americans and Hispanics). This fundamental weakness is further exacerbated by the fact that these same groups are often disproportionately affected by the diseases being studied in clinical trials. There are various patient specific, provider specific, and policy related causes for the existence of these disparities. Regardless of the cause, the lack of participation of these groups in clinical trials raises important questions about the quality and ethics of clinical research. The goal of this document is to discuss the evidence and reasons behind disparities in clinical trial participation. We also provide a discourse on potential mechanisms to address disparities in clinical trial accrual including the ethical considerations of financial incentives, the impact of a more stringent policy and review process for product approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) including a diversity mandate with an associated population black box warning

The Physics of the B Factories

This work is on the Physics of the B Factories. Part A of this book contains a brief description of the SLAC and KEK B Factories as well as their detectors, BaBar and Belle, and data taking related issues. Part B discusses tools and methods used by the experiments in order to obtain results. The results themselves can be found in Part C

Multi-disciplinary approach to perioperative risk assessment and post-transplant management for liver transplantation in a patient at risk for Brugada syndrome

Brugada syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, is characterised by abnormal electrocardiogram findings and increased risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Our report describes the multi-disciplinary perioperative management of a 28-year-old patient presenting to the Duke Transplant Center with a familial sodium channel gene SCN51 mutation concerning Brugada syndrome. We discuss the preparatory work-up, medication review and appropriate post-surgical follow-up for patients undergoing liver transplant surgery with cardiac monitoring

Equitable Access to Liver Transplant: Bridging the Gaps in the Social Determinants of Health

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/170891/1/hep31986_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/170891/2/hep31986.pd

Equitable access to liver transplant: Bridging the gaps in the social determinants of health

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/170891/1/hep31986_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/170891/2/hep31986.pd