The common bacterial pathogenes isolated from blood culture in paediatric patients

Fever is a common illness in the pediatric age group ,the causes could be viral ,bacterial and fungal , this study was focused on bacterial pathogens as gram positive like Staphylococci, coagulase positive or negative ,Streptococci and gram negative like E-coli , Klebsialla ,Proteus, Pseudomonas, Burkhoderia , Acinetobacter and others like Pusturella ,E-alkalescendiaper, Haemophillus influenza and yeast like candida . Four thousand and seventy eight blood samples (4078)were collected in a period between January 2011 and the end of May 2012 at the child welfare hospital ,all the samples were cultured on suitable culture media and then biochemical tests were done using API-E 20 and sugar fermentation tests ,sensitivity test were done with number of antibiotics [1]. 4078 cases examined only ,1107 showed positive growth ,264cases were contaminated and no bacterial growth seen in 2707. The bacterial isolates during one year in pediatric age groups were mostly gram positive cocci ,followed by gram negative bacilli,and yeasts

Bacteriology of the Core of Adenoids in A group of Iraqi Patients Undergoing Adenoidectomy.

Background: Upper air way obstruction secondary to chronically inflamed adenoid and / or tonsil is a common problem, in the presence of recurrent infection; tonsillectomy and or adenoidectomy are the most common surgery applied among pediatric population. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the type of bacteria encountered with- in the core of the adenoid tissue at time of operation. Subject and Methods: During a period from Feb.2005 to May 2005, twenty two adenoid samples were removed by surgery ,and cross sectioned and sent for culture and sensitivity, at the department of ENT in Al-jerahat hospital for surgical specialties , most of the patients were under 10 year’s old. Results: This study showed that the bacteria isolated from the core of adenoid tissue were mostly part of bacterial flora of the upper respiratory tract, only 7 patients showed a growth of pathogenic bacteria; to which special sensitivity tests were performed to detect antibiotic sensitivity. Conclusion: The bacteria of the core of the adenoid were mostly composed of normal flora, and few of them were pathogenic and resistant to most ordinary antibiotic

The Role Of IL-4 And IL-8 In The Itiology Of Tinea Versicolor In Group Of Iraqi Patients

Background: Tinea versicolor is a common dermatological problem ,world wide distribution , caused by a dimorphic fungus called Malassezia furfur ,it live normally on skin as a commensal . Many factors play a role in the etiology of TV among these could be the disturbed immune system which may be related to the ability of TV alter the immune system by a process called Immunomodulation leading to subsequent infection. Immuno-inflammatory activity mediated by different cytokines could have a role in the etiology of TV. Objective: To evaluate the serum level of the inflammatory cytokines ,IL-4andIL-8,in patients with TV as compared to immunocompramized patients and healthy groups. Patients and methods: This study enrolled 50 total patients, 15 of them were as patients control group who were immunocompramized with evident skin lesion ,to be compared serologically with 15 patients who had TV and normal immunity, the control group composed of20 healthy volunteers. Using ELISA test technique the following tests were done :detection of IL-4 and IL-8 in the sera of all groups. Results and discussion: The statistical differences in the rate of detectable IL-4 level between TV and healthy control p< 0.001,while the difference was a highly significant between the healthy control and immunocompramized patients with TV,P<0.00338.The difference between two diseased groups was(p< 0.219)which is non significant , when p<0. 05 was considered significant. IL-8 the results of our study showed a significant difference between the healthy control and the patients with tinea versicolor, p-value was( 0.05). In this study there was a nice findings by which the difference between the healthy control and the immunocompramized patients was highly significant as ,p<0.005.  Conclusion :The genus Malassezia is an immunological paradox. In some circumstances, it acts as an adjuvant, activates the complement cascade, and elicits both cellular and humoral immune responses in healthy individuals, among which IL8 and IL-4 were notably increased . In contrast, it also seems to have the ability not only to evade the immune system but actually to suppress the response directed agains

ASSESSMENT OF IL-33, TNF- α AND LEUKOTREINS B4 IN PATIENTS SERUM WITH ENTERIC FEVER

Salmonella typhoid and paratyphoid are transmitted mainly by the fecal-oral route. This study was designed to find the correlation between Salmonella and IgM, IgG, and the levels of interleukin-33, TNF-α, and LTB 4. The study was carried out from March 2020 to January 2021 for the detection of Salmonellosis in 100 suspected patients with age group ranging from 17 - 69 years, who attended Baghdad teaching hospitals that had been examined and defined as suspected cases by a specialized physician with the recording of clinical manifestation. The diagnosis was done by immunochromatography method, a blood sample was taken from the patient as well as other 30 healthy controls matching in age and gender. The study included measurement of the level of interleukin -33, Tumor necrosis Factor α, and Leukotreins B4 level in sera of patients and healthy control. The results indicated that anti –salmonella IgM positive in 54 cases, anti- salmonella IgG positive in 46 cases, and 18 positive cases with both IgM and IgG.&nbsp; The Level of interleukin 33, Tumor necrosis Factor – α increased significantly while the serum Leukotreins B4 level decreased significantly in patients sera as compared with healthy control

treatment of pityiasis versicolor with two weekly dose of systemic fluconazole

Background

The incidence of Shigella and Salmonella in the stool of pediatric patients

Objective: Gastroenteritis is a common illness in the pediatric age group, the causes could be viral, bacterial and fungal. This study was focused on bacterial pathogens like Shigella and Salmonella. Methods: About 1399 stool samples were collected in a period between January 2010 and May 2011 at the child welfare hospital, all the samples were cultured on suitable culture media and then biochemical activities were tested using API-E 20 and sugar fermentation tests, the isolates were sent for sensitivity test with a group of antibiotics. Results: Out of 1399 cases 50 cases only showed a positive growth for Shigella and Salmonella as pathological microorganisms. Conclusion: The incidence of Shigella and Salmonella was considered low when compared to other causes of gastroenteritis among children as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli or viral causes

Impact of Brucellosis on Interleukin -23 Level, Acid Phosphates and Some Other Trace Elements

The study was carried out during a period of February 2017-July 2018 for the detection of brucellosis in 128 suspected patients with age group range from 17 - 69 years, who attended to Baghdad teaching hospitals, that had been examined and defined as suspected cases by specialized physician with the recording of clinical manifestation. The diagnosis done by Rose Bengal test (RBT) method, a blood sample was taken from each patients as well as other 30 healthy control matching in age and gender. The study included measurement of the concentration of Interleukin-23, activity of Acidphosphatase, Copper and Zinc in sera of patients and healthy control. The result indicated that Rose Bengal test positive in 18 cases, 12 with a titer of 1:160 and 6 cases with a titer of 1:320. The Level of IL-23, Acid phosphatase increased significantly, with no statistical difference in copper and zinc concentration in both interval ages of patients sera in comparison with healthy control

Impact of Intestinal Entamoeba histolytica on Sera of Leukotreins D4, Interleukin -6, Acid phosphatase and other Some Trace Elements

The study was carried out during the period of February 2016 - September 2016 for the detection of Entamoeba histolytica in (66) patients with age group ranges from 21 -60 years who attended Al –Fayed clinical laboratory in Baghdad. The diagnosis done by microscopic examination and Triage (Micro parasite panel test) methods. Blood samples were taken from patients as well from other (30) healthy control matching in age and gender. The study included measurement of concentration of Leukotrein D4, Interleukin-6, Acidphoshatase activity, Zinc and Copper in sera of patients and control. The results indicated presence of parasites in all patients in both methods. The concentration of LTD4, IL-6, ACP increased significantly. The concentration of Zinc decreased significantly. The concentration of copper statistically non significant in both interval ages in patients sera in comparison with healthy contro