„Velkommen til Norge!“ – Seminarsitzung zum sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht in der Fachdidaktik Biologie: „Velkommen til Norge!“ - Seminar session on language-sensitive teaching in biology didactics

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit einer Seminarsitzung aus dem Vorbereitungsseminar für das Praxissemester der Fachdidaktik Biologie zum sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht. Im Beitrag wird die Wichtigkeit der Förderung von Sprache in jedem Fachunterricht dargestellt und die Methode des Perspektiv-wechsels erläutert. Im Anschluss findet die Darstellung der Seminarsitzung statt, die sich am ESRIA-Prinzip orientiert und dadurch den Perspektivwechsel bei den Studierenden einleitet. Dies geschieht vor allem durch ein norwegisches Arbeitsblatt aus dem Biologieunterricht und soll bei den Studierenden ein besseres Verständnis für Zweitsprachlernende und ihre Hürden im Fachunterricht hervorrufen. Gemeinsam wird reflektiert, welche Ressourcen helfen, um auch mit geringen (oder gar keinen) Sprachkenntnissen am Fachunterricht teilnehmen zu können. Dar-über hinaus werden Modifikationen am Arbeitsblatt vorgenommen, sodass die Bewältigung des Arbeitsblattes erfolgreicher gelingen kann. Ziel der Seminarsitzung ist es, die Studierenden für den Fachunterricht in einer Fremd- bzw. Zweitsprache zu sensibilisieren und mit ihnen hilfreiche Strukturen für die Durchführung von sprachsensiblem Fachunterricht zu erarbeiten.This article describes a seminar session on language-sensitive teaching for future biology teachers. This session is part of a preparation seminar before future teachers take part in a semester-long school internship. Not only do we present the session concept, we highlight the importance for future educators to be aware of language-sensitive teaching in all subjects. Special emphasis is put on the potential of hands-on-activities in science education to foster language acquisition. One key element of the session is a worksheet presented in Norwegian; this initiates a change in perspective as students must cope with tasks in a language they do not speak. During this exercise, the seminar reflects on possible ressources students can use to deal with tasks even when faced with language barriers. Furthermore, possible improvements to decrease such barriers are discussed and the participants of this session develop and reflect on language-sensitive teaching materials

LmxMPK4, a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase homologue essential for promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania mexicana

BACKGROUND: Leishmania parasites undergo profound morphological and biochemical changes while passing through their life cycle. Protein kinases have been shown to be involved in the differentiation from the extracellular flagellated promastigotes to the intracellular "non-flagellated" amastigotes and vice versa. Moreover, these enzymes are likely involved in the regulation of the proliferation of the different life stages. RESULTS: Here, we characterize LmxMPK4, a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase homologue from Leishmania mexicana. The kinase reveals all sequence motifs for classification as a MAP kinase. LmxMPK4 proved to be active as a recombinant protein. The kinase is expressed in promastigotes and amastigotes. It was impossible to generate homozygous gene deletion mutants for LmxMPK4 in promastigotes. Moreover, amastigotes bearing only an episomal copy of the gene stably retained LmxMPK4 over a prolonged period without antibiotic pressure in infected mice. CONCLUSION: LmxMPK4 is essential for promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania. It shows significant amino acid sequence divergence to mammalian MAP kinases. Thus, LmxMPK4 is a promising new drug target

Mayamycin, a Cytotoxic Polyketide from aStreptomycesStrain Isolated from the Marine SpongeHalichondria panicea

A new benz[a]anthracene derivative called mayamycin (1) was identified in cultures of Streptomyces sp. strain HB202, which was isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria panicea and selected because of its profound antibiotic activity. The ability to produce aromatic polyketides was indicated by genetic analyses, demonstrating the presence of a type II polyketide synthase. The production of mayamycin (1) was induced by variation of the culture conditions. The structure of 1 was elucidated by HPLC-UV/MS and NMR spectroscopy. Mayamycin (1) exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against eight human cancer cell lines and showed activity against several bacteria including antibiotic-resistant strains

Follow-up investigations of tau protein and S-100B levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Background: S-100B and tau protein have a high differential diagnostic potential for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). So far there has been only limited information available about the dynamics of these parameters in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, there is a special interest in finding biochemical markers to monitor disease progression for differential diagnosis and treatment. Patients and Methods: We analyzed CSF of 45 patients with CJD and of 45 patients with other neurological diseases for tau protein and S-100B in a follow-up setting. All diagnoses of CJD were later neuropathologically verified. A ratio between tau protein differences and the time between lumbar puncture was calculated. The same was done for S-100B. Results: Tau protein levels of 34 cases were above the cut-off level for CJD (>1,300 pg/ml) in the first CSF sample. In 7 of 11 patients with lower tau levels in the first CSF sample, tau levels rose. The above-mentioned ratio was significantly higher in the CJD group than in the group with other neurological diseases. Similar results were obtained for S-100B. Conclusion: We conclude that follow-up investigations and calculation of ratios is a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of CJD. Variations in this pattern were observed in single cases. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel

Comparison of different methods for delayed post-mortem diagnosis of falciparum malaria

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Between 10,000 and 12,000 cases of imported malaria are notified in the European Union each year. Despite an excellent health care system, fatalities do occur. In case of advanced autolysis, the post-mortem diagnostic is impaired. Quicker diagnosis could be achieved by using rapid diagnostic malaria tests.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In order to evaluate different methods for the post-mortem diagnosis of <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>malaria in non-immunes, a study was performed on the basis of forensic autopsies of corpses examined at variable intervals after death in five cases of fatal malaria (with an interval of four hours to five days), and in 20 cases of deaths unrelated to malaria. Detection of parasite DNA by PCR and an immunochromatographic test (ICT) based upon the detection of <it>P. falciparum </it>histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) were compared with the results of microscopic examination of smears from cadaveric blood, histopathological findings, and autopsy results.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In all cases of fatal malaria, post-mortem findings were unsuspicious for the final diagnosis, and autoptic investigations, including histopathology, were only performed because of additional information by police officers and neighbours. Macroscopic findings during autopsy were unspecific. Histopathology confirmed sequestration of erythrocytes and pigment in macrophages in most organs in four patients (not evaluable in one patient due to autolysis). Microscopy of cadaveric blood smears revealed remnants of intraerythrocytic parasites, and was compromised or impossible due to autolysis in two cases. PCR and ICT performed with cadaveric blood were positive in all malaria patients and negative in all controls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In non-immune fatalities with unclear anamnesis, ICT can be recommended as a sensitive and specific tool for post-mortem malaria diagnosis, which is easier and faster than microscopy, and also applicable when microscopic examination is impossible due to autolysis. PCR is more expensive and time-consuming, but may be used as confirmatory test. In highly endemic areas where asymptomatic parasitaemia is common, confirmation of the diagnosis of malaria as the cause of death has to rely on histopathological findings.</p

Kinder bauen und konstruieren Fahrzeuge. Produkt- und handlungsorientierter Sachunterricht mit technischer Perspektive

Schmiedebach M, Wiese I, Wegner C. Kinder bauen und konstruieren Fahrzeuge. Produkt- und handlungsorientierter Sachunterricht mit technischer Perspektive. Grundschulunterricht Sachunterricht. 2018;65(4):32-37

Optik. Eine fächerübergreifende Unterrichtseinheit

Schmiedebach M, Wiese I, Wegner C. Optik. Eine fächerübergreifende Unterrichtseinheit. Schulmagazin 5-10. 2019;97(12):32-42

Einführung in den Magnetismus - Sprachsensibler Sachunterricht in der Primarschule

Schmiedebach M, Wiese I, Wegner C. Einführung in den Magnetismus - Sprachsensibler Sachunterricht in der Primarschule. die neue schulpraxis. 2019;89(1):28-39