Is Toufik Lounes another brick in the wall? The CJEU and the on-going shaping of the EU citizenship

This Insight tackles a recent judgment of the CJEU, Toufik Lounes (Court of Justice, judgment of 14 November 2017, case C-165/16, Toufik Lounes v. Secretary of State for the Home Department), where the CJEU was asked to rule on the case of a EU national, Ms García Omazábal, who had exercised her free movement rights, later acquiring the citizenship of the host State while also retaining her nationality of origin. The Court has further investigated the scope ratione personae of Directive 2004/38 and Art. 21, para. 1, TFEU, so to clarify whether, in the scenario above, the EU national and her third-country national spouse could still be considered “beneficiaries” under Directive 2004/38. The CJEU answered as follows: while Directive 2004/38 is not applicable in the situation above, Art. 21, para. 1, TFEU shall instead be applied so as to prevent the EU national holding a dual citizenship to be treated less favourably than a EU national having the citizenship of his country of origin only, and therefore having the EU national’s right to family life unreasonably disrupted. Against this backdrop, the Insight first highlights the merits of the decision, by also investigating its positive effects within the Brexit process. Secondly, it discloses a main shortcoming that is likely to weaken the overall protection granted to EU citizens, i.e. the CJEU choice to disregard the connection between the provisions on the EU citizenship and the respect of fundamental right

First alkaline earth metal 3-aminobenzoate (3-aba) complex: 1-D polymeric [Ca(3-aba)<SUB>2</SUB>(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)<SUB>2</SUB>]<SUB>n</SUB> assembly

The reaction of CaCO3 or CaCl2·2H2O with 3-abaH results in the formation of the first alkaline-earth metal complex of 3-abaH [Ca(3-aba)2(H2O)2]n (1) in good yield. The product has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and 1H NMR spectral studies, TGA and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The molecular structure of 1 is made up of 1-D polymeric chains that are hydrogen-bonded to each other. The Ca2+ ion in 1 is surrounded by eight oxygen atoms in a distorted square-antiprismatic geometry

Comprendiendo el fenómeno de la migración: la población gitana rumana en Suecia

Since Romania joined the European Union (EU) in 2007, other EU member countries have started to experience an influx of migrants from Romania, specifically the Roma community. The Roma population has been a discriminated group for centuries. In Romania, their social exclusion has been related to a wide range of factors such as ethnic origin, poor living conditions, or the limited access to education and employment. These factors are not mutually exclusive and they usually come together. This paper is aimed to describe the migration phenomenon of Romanian Romani people in Stockholm, Sweden through the eyes of the migrants themselves. The main goal is to get first-hand knowledge about the Roma community and truly understand the characteristics of their mobility process. The study is primarily based on qualitative research, which gives a clearer insight of the Romani migration. Six semi-structured interviews aresupporting the bibliographical reviews.Desde que Rumanía entró en la Unión Europea (UE) en el año 2007, los demás países europeos han empezado a experimentar una afluencia de inmigrantes desde Rumanía, en concreto los roma o romaní. La población romaní es un grupo discriminado desde hace siglos. En Rumanía, su exclusión social ha sido relacionada con una gran variedad de factores tales como el origen étnico, las precarias condiciones de vida, el acceso limitado a la educación y al empleo. Dichos factores no son excluyentes entre sí y normalmente aparecen juntos. El presente trabajo tiene como objeto describir el fenómeno de la migración de la población gitana rumana en Suecia, Estocolmo a través de las experiencias de los mismos emigrantes. El objetivo central es conocer y entender de primera mano las características de este proceso de movilidad. El estudio está basado principalmente en la metodología cualitativa que ofrece una profunda comprensión sobre la migración de los Roma. Seis entrevistas semiestructuradas complementan las búsquedas bibliográficas.Depto. de Trabajo Social y Servicios SocialesFac. de Trabajo SocialTRUEunpu

Välismaalase õigus perekonnaelule: Eesti Vabariigi põhiseadus § 26 ja Euroopa inimõiguste konventsiooni artikkel 8

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2657752~S

Understanding the role of NGOs for immigrant integration in Sweden: a case study of Tamam

Due to various reasons like globalization and conflicts many countries are experiencing high levels of in-and outmigration. Strongly increased diversified migration has evoked a multiple reactions from the receiving societies. On the one hand, civil societies may respond positively and openly towards immigrants, but on the other hand, there have been significant changes in public and political attitudes towards limiting and controlling, or even altogether preventing migration. Sweden is one of the countries which are often lifted as a good example of how to deal with social problems. However, Sweden is a country which has experienced high inflow of immigrants and refugees and immigrant integration processes does not seem to be as smooth as they could be. To facilitate such processes several NGOs have started to work with immigrant integration in Sweden. This thesis focuses on Tamam, an NGO which is working with immigrant youth integration in Sweden. The purpose of this study is to show how Tamam is dealing with their goals for immigrant integration and what results they achieved. The study is based on interviews, participant observation and secondary data analysis. The results indicate a generally broad positive expression of the outcomes of the organization by participants and various officials

Tumor necrosis factor alpha -308 promoter polymorphism and insulin resistance inoverweight and obese adolescent

Study Model/Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 104 overweight/obese adolescents, with a mean weight of 52.98 kg ± 22.00, mean age 16.01 ± 2.91 years. We used the homeostasis model assessment-estimated IR (HOMA-IR) index to quantify the insulin resistance (IR). The -308 polymorphism of the promoter of TNF-α was performed using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Statistical analysis of the quantitative measures was conducted with a student’s t-test. For correlation between the genotype and alleles, we used chisquare statistical test. To test the heterogeneity between HOMA-IR and the anthropometric parameters the Mann-Whitney test was used, associated with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The association between -308G/A polymorphism of the promoter of TNF-α and HOMA-IR was tested by univariate linear regression analysis. Objective: Investigate the association between -308G/A polymorphism in the promoter of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and susceptibility to IR in overweight/obese adolescents. Results: The prevalence of IR was 18.30% according to the HOMA-IR. The frequency of GG, AG and AA genotype was found 75 (72.12%), 28 (26.92%) and 1.0 (0.96%) respectively. Allele frequencies for guanine (G) and adenine (A) were 178 (85.58%) and 30 (14.42%), respectively. The allele A as well as GA and AA genotype contributed to increase RI (14.42% and 27.88% respectively). Conclusion: The - 308 G/A polymorphism of the promoter of TNF-α can contribute to the IR increase in obese adolescents with GA and AA genotypes.Modelo de Estudo / Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com uma amostra de 104 adolescentes com sobrepeso/ obesidade, com peso médio de 52,98 kg ± 22,00, média de idade de 16,01 ± 2,91 anos. Utilizamos o índice estimado (HOMA-IR) do modelo de homeostase para quantificar a resistência insulínica (RI). O polimorfismo do promotor -308 do TNF-α foi realizado utilizando a técnica de polimorfismo de comprimento de fragmento de restrição. A análise estatística das medidas quantitativas foi realizada com o teste t student. Para a correlação entre o genótipo e os alelos, utilizamos o teste estatístico qui-quadrado. Para testar a heterogeneidade entre HOMA-IR e os parâmetros antropométricos foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney associado ao equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg. A associação entre o polimorfismo -308G/A do promotor do TNF-α e HOMA-IR foi testada por análise de regressão linear univariada. Objetivo: investigar a associação entre o polimorfismo -308G/A no promotor do fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α) e a susceptibilidade à RI em adolescentes com sobrepeso/ obesidade. Resultados: A prevalência de RI foi de 18,30% de acordo com o HOMA-IR. A frequência dos genótipos GG, AG e AA encontrados foram 75 (72,12%), 28 (26,92%) e 1,0 (0,96%), respectivamente. As frequências de alelos para guanina (G) e adenina (A) foram 178 (85,58%) e 30 (14,42%), respectivamente. O alelo A, bem como o genótipo GA e AA, contribuíram para aumentar o RI (respectivamente 14,42% e 27,88%). Conclusão: O polimorfismo -308 G / A do promotor do TNF-α pode contribuir para o incremento de RI em adolescentes sobrepesos/obesos com genótipos GA e AA

Rule of law or rule of thumb? A new Copenhagen mechanism for the EU. CEPS Policy Brief No. 303, 20 November 2013

This Policy Brief synthesises the main research findings and policy recommendations presented in the CEPS e-book entitled The Triangular Relationship between Fundamental Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law: Towards an EU Copenhagen Mechanism” (http://www.ceps.eu/book/triangular-relationship-between-fundamental-righ...). The authors examine the ways in which the European Union could strengthen and develop its competences in the assessment of member states’ fundamental rights, democracy and rule of law commitments. They argue that a strong political impetus is needed at Union level in order to set up a new supervisory “Copenhagen Mechanism” that would effectively and periodically evaluate member states’ compliance with democratic rule of law with fundamental rights on the basis of independent academic expertise, and by ensuring a high level of democratic accountability and judicial oversight at European levels. The Policy Brief also aims at summarising CEPS’ contribution to the upcoming Conference “Assises de la Justice: Shaping Justice Policies in Europe for the Years to Come” organised by the European Commission in Brussels on 21-22 November 2013

Extraterritoriality and public procurement regulation in the context of global supply chains’ governance

With the globalisation of supply chains, the respect for human rights and labour standards in procurement practices has become a crucial priority also in the domestic regulation of public procurement. This paper focuses on two specific characteristics of the use of public procurement regulation for the enforcement of human rights and labour standards: its extraterritorial effects on companies and firms across different jurisdictions and its reliance on private certifications and labels. Both of these new aspects are evident within the new 2014 EU Procurement Directives, which includes a number of far-reaching regulatory features that facilitate the monitoring of the respect for human rights and labour standards of contractors and subcontractors across borders. However, this new dimension of public procurement has the potential to create tension within the framework of multilateral trade governance, specifically, the World Trade Organization (WTO) trade regime

Micellar dye shuttle between water and an ionic liquid

The reversible transfer of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-block-poly(2-nonyl-2-oxazoline) nanocarriers comprising encapsulated dyes is demonstrated between water and an ionic liquid. This dye transfer concept is shown to be applicable for loading and delivery of dye molecules as well as to provide a protective environment for the encapsulated dye