3 research outputs found
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Patient income level and health insurance correlate with differences in health care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Single-cell sequencing: a powerful technique to understand the pathophysiology of auditory disorders
Deciphering the inner ear transcriptome has allowed major breakthroughs in therapeutic development for auditory disorders. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) technologies, through the analysis of cellular heterogeneity and the identification of novel gene markers, can significantly enhance our understanding about auditory disorders. The application of SCS has allowed the identification of gene targets specific to the inner ear cellular subtypes such as supporting cells, hair cells, stria vascularis cells, and spiral ganglion neuron cells. SCS has provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of auditory disorders such as noise-trauma induced hearing loss, ototoxicity, sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), vestibular schwannomas and acute otitis media, leading to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. The objective of this perspective article is to discuss recent advancements regarding the utilization of SCS for inner ear research. With global initiatives striving to overcome the increasing burden of hearing loss, the SCS technique holds a great potential in revolutionizing the management of auditory disorders, paving the way to develop effective treatment modalities
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Targeting Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiome Metabolites for the Development of Therapeutic Modalities for Neurological Disorders
The gut microbiota, composed of numerous species of microbes, works in synergy with
the various organ systems in the body to bolster our overall health and well-being. The most
well-known function of the gut microbiome is to facilitate the metabolism and absorption of
crucial nutrients, such as complex carbohydrates, while also generating vitamins. In addition, the
gut microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating the functioning of the central nervous system
(CNS). Host genetics, including specific genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),
have been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s
disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The gut
microbiome dysbiosis also plays a role in the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative disorders,
thus perturbing the gut-brain axis. Overproduction of certain metabolites synthesized by the gut
microbiome, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and p-cresyl sulfate, are known to interfere
with microglial function and trigger misfolding of alpha-synuclein protein, which can build up
inside neurons and cause damage. By determining the association of the gut microbiome and its
metabolites with various diseases, such as neurological disorders, future research will pave the
way for the development of effective preventive and treatment modalities