2 research outputs found
âAs easy as a chimney pot to blackenâ: Catharine Macaulay âthe celebrated female historian â
- Author
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
- Addison Joseph
- Boos Florence
- Boswell James
- Brigham Clarence S.
- Brooke John
- Cecile MazzuccoâThan
- Cixous Helen
- Cixous Helene
- Cott Nancy
- Davis Natalie Zemon
- Donnelly Lucy Martin
- Dray W.H.
- Hill Bridget
- Hill Bridget
- Hume
- Hume David
- Hume David
- Johnson Samuel
- Macaulay Catharine
- Myers Sylvia Harcstrack
- Nussbaum Felicity
- Schnorrenberg Barbara Brandon
- Scott Joan
- Scott Joan
- Wexler Victory G.
- Wollstonecraft Mary
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Coronal Heating as Determined by the Solar Flare Frequency Distribution Obtained by Aggregating Case Studies
- Author
- Aaron James Holland
- Abdullah Jumana T.
- Abrams Jonathan M.
- Abrashoff Riley
- Acevedo Andres B.
- Acha Iker
- Acosta Daniela M. Meza
- Adam Megan M.
- Adams Dante Q.
- Adams Elena R
- Adams Kalvyn N
- Akbar Zainab A.
- Akruwala Ushmi H.
- Al-Ghazwi Adel
- AlAbbas Batool H.
- Alahmed Mohammed S.
- AlAwadhi Areej A.
- Albakr Mohammed A.
- Albalushi Yusef J.
- Albaum Jonathan
- Aldhamen Ahmed
- Ales Nolan
- Alesmail Mohammad
- Alhabeeb Abdulelah
- Alhamli Dania
- AlHarbi Yazeed A.
- Alhuseini Isehaq
- Alkaabi Suhail
- Alkhezzi Tameem
- Alkubaisi Mohamed
- Allanqawi Nasser
- Allsbrook Martin
- Almohsen Yousef A.
- Almquist Justin Thomas
- Alnaji Teeb
- Alnasrallah Yousef A
- Alonzi Nicholas
- Alosaimi Meshal
- Alqabani Emeen
- Alrubaie Mohammad
- Alsinan Reema A.
- Altenbern Ava L.
- Altokhais Abdullah
- Alyami Saleh A.
- Ameijenda Federico
- Amer Hamzi
- Amos Meggan
- Anderson Hunter J.
- Andrew Carter
- Andringa Jesse C
- Angwin Abigail
- Aradhya Arvind J.
- Aramians Andrew
- Arango Camila Villamil
- Archibald Jack. W.
- Arias-Robles Brian A.
- Aryan Maryam
- Ash Kevin
- Astalos Justin
- Atchley-Rivers N. S.
- Augenstein Dakota N.
- Austin Bryce W.
- Avula Abhinav
- Aycock Matthew C.
- Baflah Abdulrahman A.
- Balaji Sahana
- Balajonda Brian
- Balcer Leo M
- Baldwin James O.
- Banda David J
- Bard Titus
- Barmore Abby
- Barnes Grant M.
- Barnhart Logan D. W.
- Barone Kevin M.
- Bartman Jessica L.
- Bassel Claire
- Bastias Catalina S
- Bat-Ulzii Batchimeg
- Batra Jasleen
- Battist Lexi
- Bay Joshua
- Beach Simone
- Beard Sara
- Beato Quinn I
- Beattie Ryan
- Beatty Thomas
- Beauprez Jacob N.
- Beck Lily
- Beck M. G.
- Becker Simone E.
- Behr Braden
- Behrer Timothy A.
- Beijer Joshua
- Belei Brennan J.
- Belknap Annelene L.
- Bell Aislyn
- Bence Caden
- Benke Evan
- Berhanu Naomi
- Berriman-Rozen Zachary D.
- Bertuccio Chrisanna
- Berv Owen A.
- Biediger Blaine B.
- Biehle Samuel J
- Billig Brennen
- Billingsley Jacob
- Billman Jayce A.
- Biron Connor J.
- Bisacca Gabrielle E.
- Blake Cassidy A.
- Blandon Guillermo
- Blevins Olivia
- Blouin Ethan
- Bodzianowski Michal
- Boeyink Taylor A.
- Bondar Matthew
- Bone Lauren
- Bonilla Alberto Espinosa de los Monteros
- Borelli William T
- Borgerding Luke R.
- Bowen Troy
- Boyer Aidan
- Boyer Christine
- Boyle Aidan P.
- Boyne Tom
- Branch Donovan
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- Brennan David J.
- Brimhall Alexander J
- Brockman Jennifer L.
- Brookins Sarah
- Brown Cameron L.
- Brown Gabriel T.
- Brown Ryan
- Brownlow Jordi
- Brumage-Heller Grant
- Brumley Preston J.
- Bryan Samuel
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- Buhamad Maryam
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- Burns Annemarie C.
- Burritt John J.
- Burton Nicholas David
- Burton Taylor
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- Damgaard Olivia
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- de La Beaujardiere Tristan
- DeBarros Elyse
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- Delasantos Megan E.
- Deng Tianyue
- Derwin Zachary
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- Dick R.
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- Dvorak Peter
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- Faber Ian
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- Fauntleroy John T
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- Feoktistov Nikita
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- Figueirinhas John Alfred D.
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- Fischer Emmalee
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- Fix Alexander
- Flackett Lydia
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- Forbes Aidan E.
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- Gjini Michael
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- Gopalakrishnan Sean
- Gopalani Mariam
- Gotlib Nicholas
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- Grell Kristyn
- Griego Justus
- Griffin Kyle J.
- Griffin Nicholas F.
- Guerrero Matt
- Gunderson Nicole
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- Hach Grace K.
- Haile L. N.
- Haines Jessica
- Hale Jack J. Mc
- Hales Ryder Buchanan
- Haley Mark S.
- Hall Jacqueline L.
- Hamilton Sean R.
- Han Soonhee
- Hand Tyler
- Hanley Luke C.
- Hansen Connor M
- Hansen Joshua A.
- Hansson Jonathan
- Hao Tony Yunfei
- Haratsaris Nicholas
- Hardie Isabelle
- Hardwick Dillon F.
- Hares Cameron T.
- Harris Coyle M.
- Harris Logan Swous
- Hart Omer
- Hashiro Kyle
- Hattendorf Elsie
- Haubrich Calder
- Hawat Elijah
- Hayrynen Griffin A.
- Heintz Danielle A.
- Hellweg Tim
- Hernandez Angel
- Herrera Emanuel
- Herrington Robert N.
- Herwig Tim
- Hesse Troy M.
- Hiatt Quinn
- Hibbard Lea Pearl
- Hicks Andrew J.
- Hicks Imari R.
- Highhouse Nigel
- Hildebrand Annalise K.
- Hill Hallie
- Hill Paula
- Hintsa Evan
- Hirschmann Anna E.
- Hitt Travis
- Ho Ella
- Hoang Thi D
- Hoff Isabelle J.
- Hoffman Alex
- Hogen Blake A.
- Horne Linda
- Horning Thomas M.
- Houck Timothy J
- House Jr. Tony A.
- Howell Noah H.
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- Hu J.
- Huang Chenqi
- Huang Jianyang
- Huang Shancheng
- Hudson Nathan C.
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- Hull Owen
- Hunter Samuel C
- Husted Troy
- Hutabarat Abigail P.
- Huynh Leslie
- Idoine Yolande
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- Iovan Taro
- Isert Samuel A.
- Jacobsen Thomas
- Jaimes Alan A
- Jameson Connor
- Jarriel J. R.
- Jarvis Sam
- Jenkins Josh
- Jensen Alexander V.
- Jeong Jacob
- Jeseritz Luke A.
- Jesse Trevor
- Ji Soo Yeun
- Jiang Yufan
- Jin Yan
- Johnson Matthew
- Johnson Owen
- Johnson Sawyer
- Johnston Braedon Y.
- Johnston Julia
- Jones M. R.
- Jones Olivia M.
- Jourabchi Tara
- Juels Parker
- Kainz Sabrina J. H. T.
- Kaiser Emily
- Kallemeyn Nicolas Ian
- Kalmus Madison H.
- Kalra Etash
- Kamenetskiy Margaret
- Kanokthippayakun Jeerakit
- Kapla Shaun D.
- Karsh Brennan J.
- Keating Caden J.
- Kelley Michael P.
- Kelley Morgan A.
- Kelly Christopher M
- Kelly James
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- Kennedy Cayla J.
- Kennedy Forrest
- Kennedy Kellen
- Kerr-Layton Liana
- Ketterer Marilyn
- Khan Ibraheem A.
- Khan Usman
- Khanal Sapriya
- Kiechlin Jack L.
- Killian Dominic
- Kim Brian T.
- Kim Jake
- Kim Kevin
- Kim Matthew M.
- Kimlicko Aspen
- Kipp Isabel M
- Kirkpatrick Hunter B.
- Kissner Natalie
- Kite Emily R.
- Kleinhaus Olivia R.
- Knott Philip Whiting
- Koch Will
- Koenig Greta
- Koke Emily
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- Kothamdi Yash S.
- Krajnak Zack
- Kresek Zoe M.
- Kriegman Dylan
- Kritzberg Jake E.
- Krueger Davis J.
- Kubiak Bartlomiej
- Kuehl Kirsten
- Kuester Chrisanne
- Kuiper Nicolas A.
- Kumar Aman Priyadarshi
- Kuybus Connor
- Kwiatkowski Daniel
- Lacjak Kevin
- LaFemina Quintin Y.
- Lahmers Kyle
- Lam Antonia
- Landrey Kalin
- Lantz Maxwell B.
- Larter Zachary
- Lau Benjamin P.
- Lauzon Megan
- Lawlor Rian
- Learned Tyler
- Lee Adrianna J.
- Lee Alexis Ying-Shan
- Lee Christian J
- Lee E. C.
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- Lee Justin
- Lee Nathaniel F.
- Leiker Linzhi
- Lengerich Dylan
- Leoni Cecilia
- Lewandowski H. J.
- Lezak Adrienne R.
- Li David Y.
- Li Isaac
- Liao Ryan Z.
- Linders Bridget
- Linger Morgan I
- Linnane Katherine B.
- Lippincott Sam
- Lister Barrett
- Litton Shelby D
- Liu Haixin
- Liu Nianzi
- Liu Steven Y.
- Logan Timothy W.
- Londres Nathan
- Lonergan Mia C.
- Lookhoff Emily
- Loomis N. E.
- Lopez Christian
- Lordi Noah
- Loring Justin
- Lucca Jeffrey
- Lukianow Dax
- Luo Zheng
- MacDonald William
- Madonna Claire A.
- Madsen Kasey O.
- Maksimuk Tiffany E.
- Mallory Macguire
- Malone Ryan A.
- Maly Blake
- Manzanares Xander R.
- Maravi Aimee S.
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- Marikar Nasreen
- Marquez Josie A.
- Marquez Mathew J.
- Marsh Lauren
- Marsh Toni
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- Martinez Alexa M.
- Martinez Hazelia K.
- Martinez Jose R.
- Martyr Cara
- Mason James Paul
- Masri Mirna
- Matessi Giorgio
- Mathavan Adam Izz Khan Mohd Reduan
- Mathieson Randi M.
- Mathur Kabir P.
- Mauer Graham
- Mayer Victoria A.
- Mazzotta Liam
- McCammon Glen S.
- McConvey Rowan
- McCormick Tyler
- McCoy Andrew
- Mccurry Kyle
- McEntee Kelleen
- McGarvey Meaghan V.
- McGill Riley M.
- McIntyre James K.
- McKemey Finbar K.
- McMorris Zane
- McMullan Jesse J.
- McQuaid Ella
- McVey Caden
- Medellin Mateo M.
- Medialdea Melissa
- Mehidic Amar
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- Meiselman-Ashen Jonah B.
- Mellett Sarah
- Menassa Dominic
- Mendez Citlali
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- Menke Riley
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- Meyer Josephine C.
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- Miles Ethan J.
- Miller Andrew
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- Millican Emily B.
- Millican Sarah J.
- Mills Dylan P.
- Minimo Josh
- Misener Jay H.
- Mitchell Alexander J.
- Mizzi Alexander Z.
- Molina-Saenz Luis
- Moll Hayden
- Moll Tyler S
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- Montoya Michael
- Monyek Eli
- Mora Jacqueline Rodriguez
- Morales Gavin
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- Morelock Annalise M.
- Morency Cora
- Moreno Angel J.
- Morgan Remy
- Moss Alexander P.
- Muckenthaler Brandon A.
- Mueller Alexander
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- Mundy Aria T.
- Muniz Alexis A.
- Murphy Madalyn C.
- Murphy Maxwell J.
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- Murrel Tyler
- Musgrave Andrew J.
- Myer Michael S.
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- Napoletano Elena R.
- Naqi Abdulaziz
- Narayan Anoothi
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- Neeland Brenna K
- Nehring Molly
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- Nelson Maya LI
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- Nguyen Leonardo
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- Norden Kelso
- Norris Cooper
- Nunes-Valdes Dario
- Nussbaum Rosemary O.
- O'neill Ian
- O'Sullivan Cian
- Oakes S. H.
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- Ogle Caleb
- Oishi-Holder Sean
- Olguin Nicholas
- Oliver Kristin A.
- Olson Nathaniel P.
- Ong Jason
- Opp Elena N.
- Orbidan Dan
- Oros Ryan
- Ort Althea E.
- Ortiz Jorge L Ramirez
- Osborn Matthew
- Osborne Andrew
- Osogwin Austin
- Otto Grant
- Oudakker Jessica
- Overchuk Igor
- Padgette Hannah M.
- Padilla Jacqueline
- Palizzi Mallory
- Palmgren Madeleine L.
- Palos Adler
- Pan Luke J.
- Parker Nathan L.
- Parker Sasha R.
- Parkinson Evan J.
- Parulekar Anish
- Pastor Paige J.
- Patel Akhil
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- Patterson Alyx
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- Payne Matthew P.
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- Peou Munisettha E.
- Perez Freddy
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- Pesce Anneliese
- Petersen Audrey J.
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- Petric Romeo S. L.
- Pettine Joshua
- Phalen Ethan J.
- Pham Alexander V.
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- Pherigo Callie C
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- Pietras Alex
- Pine Tawanchai P.
- Pitsuean-Meier Sedique
- Pitten John
- Pixley Andrew M.
- Plantz Will
- Plummer William C.
- Plutt Kaitlyn E.
- Plzak Audrey E.
- Pohle Kyle
- Polikoff Hyden
- Pollard Matthew
- Polly Madelyn
- Porter Trevor J.
- Price David
- Price Nicholas K.
- Prinster Gale H.
- Propper Henry Austin
- Quarderer Josh
- Quinn Megan S.
- Quinonez Oliver
- Quispe Devon
- Ragsdale Cameron
- Rahn Anna L.
- Rakhmonova M.
- Ralapanawe Anoush K
- Ramachandra Nidhi
- Ramirez Ariana C.
- Ramirez Nathaniel
- Ramirez Sacha
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- Rankin Frederick C
- Rapaport Sarah Grace
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- Ray Mia G. V.
- Reagan Brian D.
- Recchia John C.
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- Reed Charlie
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- Ryder Diana
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- Schaller Marcus T.
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- Shelby Emma
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- Sherry Daniel P.
- Shi Kyle Z.
- Shields Amanda M.
- Shin Kyungeun
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- Shoha Dominick
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- Steinsberger Christopher H.
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- Stratton Grant L.
- Stribling Jordin L.
- Sulaiman S. A
- Sullivan Brandon J
- Sundell M. E.
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- Swartz Jason R.
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- Tanguma Nolan C.
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- Taylor Liam C.
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- Traxler Robert B.
- Tressler Judah
- Trofino Tyson R.
- Troisi Thomas
- Trunko Benjamin L.
- Truong Joshua K.
- Tucker Julia
- Umbricht Thomas D
- Uphoff C. H.
- Upthegrove Zachary T.
- Vadayar Shreenija
- Valencia Whitney
- Vallery Mia M.
- Van Anne Gabreece
- VanEtten Eleanor
- Vann John D.
- Varela Ilian
- Vassilyev Alexandr
- Vaver Nicholas J.
- Velamala Anjali A.
- Vendetti Evan
- Venegas Nancy Ortiz
- Vepa Aditya V.
- Vess Marcus T.
- Veta Jenna S.
- Victory Andrew
- Vinson Jessica
- Visal Aseem
- Vogel Connor Maklain
- von Peccoz Charles B. Beck
- Von Reich Ferin J.
- Wagoner Michaela
- Wallace Logan
- Wallace Steven P.
- Waller Caroline
- Wang Chaoran
- Wang Hongda
- Wang Jiawei
- Warble Keenan
- Ward-Chene N. R. D.
- Watson James Adam
- Weber Robert J.
- Wegner Aidan B.
- Weigand Anthony A
- Weiner Amanda M.
- Werth Alexandra
- West Ayana
- West Colin G.
- Wexler Ethan Benjamin
- Wheeler Nicola H.
- White Jamison R.
- White Oliver S.
- White Zachary
- Whittall Lloyd C.
- Wickenden Evan
- Wilcove Isaac
- Wilkinson Blake C.
- Willard John S.
- Williams Abigail K.
- Williams Sajan
- Wilson Connor B.
- Wilson Evan M.
- Wilson John
- Wilson Orion K.
- Wilson Timothy R.
- Witkoff Briahn
- Wolfe Aubrey M.
- Wolle Jackson R.
- Wood Travis M.
- Woodard Aiden L.
- Woodraska Donald L.
- Wootten Katelynn
- Wu Mengyu
- Xiao Catherine
- Yang Jianing
- Yang Zhanchao
- Yegovtsev Nikolay
- Young Isabel
- Young Trenton J.
- Youngblood Allison A.
- Zenner Thomas
- Zhang Jiaqi
- zhang Jinhua
- Zhao Noah Y.
- Zhao Tiannie
- Zhao Tianwei
- Zhou Chongrui
- Ziebold Josh J
- Ziegler Lucas J.
- Zimmermann Ingrid H
- Zygmunt James C.
- Publication venue
- 'American Astronomical Society'
- Publication date
- 09/05/2023
- Field of study
Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of
the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism
that counter-intuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of
magnitude hotter than the corresponding photospheres. It is widely accepted
that the magnetic field is responsible for the heating, but there are two
competing mechanisms that could explain it: nanoflares or Alfv\'en waves. To
date, neither can be directly observed. Nanoflares are, by definition,
extremely small, but their aggregate energy release could represent a
substantial heating mechanism, presuming they are sufficiently abundant. One
way to test this presumption is via the flare frequency distribution, which
describes how often flares of various energies occur. If the slope of the power
law fitting the flare frequency distribution is above a critical threshold,
α=2 as established in prior literature, then there should be a
sufficient abundance of nanoflares to explain coronal heating. We performed
>600 case studies of solar flares, made possible by an unprecedented number
of data analysts via three semesters of an undergraduate physics laboratory
course. This allowed us to include two crucial, but nontrivial, analysis
methods: pre-flare baseline subtraction and computation of the flare energy,
which requires determining flare start and stop times. We aggregated the
results of these analyses into a statistical study to determine that α=1.63±0.03. This is below the critical threshold, suggesting that Alfv\'en
waves are an important driver of coronal heating.Comment: 1,002 authors, 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, published by The
Astrophysical Journal on 2023-05-09, volume 948, page 7