The Digital Dark Ages: Preserving History in the Era of Electronic Records

There is mounting concern that, due to the rapid pace of technological advancement and the volatile nature of digital media, electronic records of enduring value will be lost if they are not identified for preservation and managed accordingly. If this issue remains unresolved, organizations face a future digital dark age where valuable information assets and cultural history are lost forever. This paper explores the digital preservation need with respect to public higher education institutions through literature review and a survey of practitioners. Several major government-sponsored projects were reviewed, providing insights into the complexity and scale of the issue with none of the projects able to fully address all issues. Results indicate that organizations are insufficiently prepared to identify electronic records of enduring value so that digital preservation techniques may be applied. Recommendations are provided for Information Systems professionals to address this burgeoning need

Life extension and orbit maneuvering strategies for small satellites in low Earth orbit using electrodynamic tethers

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76743/1/AIAA-2001-1139-518.pd

Modification of Fatigue Damaged Steel Bridge Diaphragms

Civil Engineerin

Tentacle probes: eliminating false positives without sacrificing sensitivity

The majority of efforts to increase specificity or sensitivity in biosensors result in trade-offs with little to no gain in overall accuracy. This is because a biosensor cannot be more accurate than the affinity interaction it is based on. Accordingly, we have developed a new class of reagents based on mathematical principles of cooperativity to enhance the accuracy of the affinity interaction. Tentacle probes (TPs) have a hairpin structure similar to molecular beacons (MBs) for enhanced specificity, but are modified by the addition of a capture probe for increased kinetics and affinity. They produce kinetic rate constants up to 200-fold faster than MB with corresponding stem strengths. Concentration-independent specificity was observed with no false positives at up to 1 mM concentrations of variant analyte. In contrast, MBs were concentration dependent and experienced false positives above 3.88 μM of variant analyte. The fast kinetics of this label-free reagent may prove important for extraction efficiency, hence sensitivity and detection time, in microfluidic assays. The concentration-independent specificity of TPs may prove extremely useful in assays where starting concentrations and purities are unknown as would be the case in bioterror or clinical point of care diagnostics

Electrodynamic tape tether performance with varying tether widths at low Earth altitudes

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76406/1/AIAA-2001-1141-528.pd

Banner News

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/banner_news/1268/thumbnail.jp

Current Collection to Electrodynamic Tether Systems in Space

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77109/1/AIAA-2004-5670-600.pd

Total energy intake and self-selected macronutrient distribution during wildland fire suppression

Introduction: Wildland firefighters (WLFF) work long hours in extreme environments resulting in high daily total energy expenditure (TEE). Increasing work shift eating episodes and/or providing rations that promote convenient feeding has shown augmented self-selected work output, as has regular carbohydrate (CHO) consumption. It remains unclear how current WLFF feeding strategies compare to more frequent nutrient delivery. Our study’s aim was to determine WLFFs’ self-selected field total energy intake (TEI), composition, and patterns feeding during wildland fire suppression shifts. Methods: 86 WLFF (16 female, 70 male; 27.5 ± 6.4 yr) deployed to fire incidents across the United States throughout the 2018 fire season. Pre- and post-shift food inventories collected at basecamp provided item-specific nutrient content (calories [kcal], CHO, fat, protein). Work shift consumption (TEI, feeding frequency, episodic composition) was monitored in real-time by field researchers on fireline via observational data capture using mobile tablets. Shift work output was determined via actigraph accelerometry. Results: Work shift length averaged 14.0 ± 1.1 hr, with a TEI of 6.3 ± 2.5 MJ (1494 ± 592 kcal) (51 ± 10, 37 ± 9, 13 ± 4% for CHO, fat, and protein, respectively). WLFF averaged 4.3 ± 1.6 eating episodes (1.4 ± 1.3 MJ [345 ± 306 kcal] and 44 ± 38 g CHO.episode-1). WLFF who consumed \u3e20 kcal.kg-1 averaged less sedentary activity than those consuming \u3c16 kcal.kg-1. Conclusion: The present work shift TEI approximates 33% of previously-determined WLFF TEE and demonstrates that current WLFF consumption patterns may not deliver adequate nutrients for the occupational demands

High Sport Specialization Is Associated With More Musculoskeletal Injuries in Canadian High School Students

Objective: To describe levels of sport specialization in Canadian high school students and investigate whether sport specialization and/or sport participation volume is associated with the history of musculoskeletal injury and/or concussion.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: High schools, Alberta, Canada.Participants: High school students (14-19 years) participating in various sports.Independent Variables: Level of sport specialization (high, moderate, low) and sport participation volume (hours per week and months per year).Main Outcome Measures: Twelve-month injury history (musculoskeletal and concussion).Results: Of the 1504 students who completed the survey, 31% were categorized as highly specialized (7.5% before the age of 12 years). Using multivariable, negative, binomial regression (adjusted for sex, age, total yearly training hours, and clustering by school), highly specialized students had a significantly higher musculoskeletal injury rate [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.73] but not lower extremity injury or concussion rate, compared with low specialization students. Participating in one sport for more than 8 months of the year significantly increased the musculoskeletal injury rate (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI, 1.02-1.58). Increased training hours significantly increased the musculoskeletal injury rate (IRR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.13-1.25), lower extremity injury rate (IRR = 1.16, 95% CI, 1.09-1.24), and concussion rate (IRR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.24-1.39).Conclusions: Approximately one-third of Canadian high school students playing sports were categorized as highly specialized. The musculoskeletal injury rate was higher for high sport specialization students compared with low sport specialization students. Musculoskeletal injuries and concussion were also more common in students who train more and spend greater than 8 months per year in one sport