Capacidade absortiva e inovação: uma análise da gestão dos negócios de jovens empreendedores

Purpose – The current study has the objective to understand how young entrepreneurs develop absorptive capacity and innovation from the processes of acquisition, assimilation, transformation and knowledge application acquired from external sources. Design/methodology/approach – The research is identified as theoretical-empirical, with qualitative basis, descriptive, through a field research operationalized with a multiple case study. The survey sample consists of 07 companies run by young entrepreneurs. Data analysis occurred through content analysis. Findings – As main results, some relevant practices were evidenced for each dimension of absorptive capacity. For acquisition, the exchange and search for information, the importance of networking, and participation in events and fairs stand out. Knowledge assimilation happens from holding meetings, incentives in training and opinion formation. Knowledge transformation is accomplished from the structuring and new sources of knowledge. Lastly, knowledge application occurs through the creation of innovative products and services, technological advantages and strategies. Research limitations/implications - The present study has as a limitation the sample size, which may have a bias in the result from the viewpoint of the participants. Originality/value – As main contributions, the study presents how the absorptive capacity process of young entrepreneurs takes place and the main actions and practices carried out by them in the management of their own businesses.Objetivo - O presente estudo tem por objetivo compreender como jovens empreendedores desenvolvem a capacidade absortiva e a inovação, a partir dos processos de aquisição, assimilação, transformação e aplicação do conhecimento adquirido em fontes externas. Design/ metodologia/ abordagem - A pesquisa se identifica como teórico-empírica, com base qualitativa, descritiva, por meio de uma pesquisa a campo operacionalizada com um estudo de casos múltiplos. A amostra da pesquisa consiste em 07 empresas geridas por jovens empreendedores. A análise de dados sucedeu por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultados - Como principais resultados, evidenciou-se algumas práticas relevantes para cada dimensão da capacidade absortiva. Para a aquisição, destaca-se a troca e a busca de informações, importância do networking, e a participação em eventos e feiras. Já a assimilação do conhecimento é realizada a partir de reuniões, incentivos em formações e formação de opinião. A transformação do conhecimento é realizada a partir da estruturação e fontes de novos conhecimentos. Por fim, a aplicação do conhecimento ocorre por meio da criação de produtos e serviços inovadores, vantagens tecnológicas e estratégias. Limitações da pesquisa - O presente estudo apresenta como limitação o tamanho da amostra, que pode apresentar um viés no resultado a partir da visão dos participantes. Originalidade – Como principais contribuições, o estudo apresenta como se dá o processo de capacidade absortiva de jovens empreendedores e as principais ações e práticas realizadas pelos mesmos na gestão dos seus próprios negócios

Private Sector Participation: A Theoretical Justification of the Brazilian Position

The Brazilian position on the issue of private sector participation in the efforts to forestall and resolve emerging markets crises is that there should be an approach of contacting and convincing a large number, but not the totality, of private creditors. They should be convinced that the international public sector loans will allow a transition to stability that is overfinanced in case they voluntarily join in by maintaining their exposure to the country, at the spreads they choose, and with the counterparts they wish to have as clients. We model private sector participation by means of a game. We show that the traditional argument that there is a coordination problem among the private creditors does not exist is in a model without Knightian uncertainty, because there is only one Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium which involves participation. By introducing Knigthian uncertainty, we show that if the degree of uncertainty, as measured by the uncertainty aversion, is high enough, then there is only one Nash equilibrium under uncertainty, which involves nonparticipation. Finally, we show that if there is a large enough number of private creditors who decrease their uncertainty aversion, then again private participation becomes the unique Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium under Knightian uncertainty. If we interpret the approach and convincing of the private creditors as decreasing their uncertainty aversion, then this last result is a justification of the Brazilian position. In fact, the private creditors would voluntarily choose to maintain their exposures, because private sector participation is the unique Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium under uncertainty of the game.

Thermal and Magnetic Quantum Discord in Heisenberg models

We investigate how the quantum correlations (quantum discord) of a two-qubit one dimensional XYZ Heisenberg chain in thermal equilibrium depends on the temperature (T) of the bath and also on an external magnetic field B. We show that the behavior of the thermal quantum discord (QD) differs in many unexpected ways from the thermal entanglement. For example, we show situations where QD increases with T when entanglement decreases, cases where QD increases with T even in regions with zero entanglement, and that QD signals a quantum phase transition even at finite T. We also show that by properly tuning B or the interaction between the qubits we get non-zero QD for any T and we present a new effect not seen for entanglement, the regrowth of thermal QD.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, RevTex, double column; v2: published versio