The interactive role of type 2 diabetes mellitus and E-selectin S128R mutation on susceptibility to coronary heart disease

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The role of gene-environment interactions as risk factors for coronary heart disease (CAD) remains largely undefined. Such interactions may involve gene mutations and disease conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) predisposing individuals to acquiring the disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In the present study, we assessed the possible interactive effect of DM2 and E-selectin S128R polymorphism with respect to its predisposing individuals to CAD, using as a study model a population of 1,112 patients and 427 angiographed controls of Saudi origin. E-selectin genotyping was accomplished by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by <it>Pst</it>I restriction enzyme digestion.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results show that DM2 is an independent risk factor for CAD. In the absence of DM2, the presence of the R mutant allele alone is not significantly associated with CAD (p = 0.431, OR 1.28). In contrast, in the presence of DM2 and the S allele, the likelihood of an individual acquiring CAD is significant (odds ratio = 5.44; p = < 0.001). This effect of DM2 becomes remarkably greater in the presence of the mutant 128R allele, as can be observed from the odds ratio of their interaction term (odds ratio = 6.11; p = < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our findings indicate therefore that the risk of acquiring CAD in patients with DM2 increases significantly in the presence of the 128R mutant allele of the E-selectin gene.</p

The EnMAP imaging spectroscopy mission towards operations

EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program) is a high-resolution imaging spectroscopy remote sensing mission that was successfully launched on April 1st, 2022. Equipped with a prism-based dual-spectrometer, EnMAP performs observations in the spectral range between 418.2 nm and 2445.5 nm with 224 bands and a high radiometric and spectral accuracy and stability. EnMAP products, with a ground instantaneous field-of-view of 30 m x 30 m at a swath width of 30 km, allow for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of surface variables from frequently and consistently acquired observations on a global scale. This article presents the EnMAP mission and details the activities and results of the Launch and Early Orbit and Commissioning Phases until November 1st, 2022. The mission capabilities and expected performances for the operational Routine Phase are provided for existing and future EnMAP users

Urinary and faecal excretion of metabolites after various modes of administration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to rats

Summarizing the data it may be concluded that high percentages (with up to 70 %) of the PAH material administered can be found in the excretion pruducts in case of oral and intratracheal administration. Significantly lower rates, however, were found after intraperitoneal application. Extreme low excretion rates were found following intrapulmonary administration since resorption from the beeswax/tricaprilin pellet is retarded. The better soluble phenanthrene is an exception since only 10-25 % overall recoveries were found, possibly due to the formation of other water soluble metabolites which escaped the analysis. The main excretion route of the PAH studies and their metabolites is feacal excretio

Middle distillates. Dermal initiation/promotion study

Six middle distillates (MDs) selected for their differences in mutagenicity index, dodecane and nitrogen contents were tested for their initiating/promoting potential after topical application to the skin of male CD-1 (ICR) BR mice. As controls, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) a known initiator and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) a known promoter were used. Each test group consisted of 30 animals. During the initiation phase, skin changes such as hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, and dermal inflammation were observed in several animals treated with MDs which were found to be reversible during the treatment-free period. During the promotion phase, most anaimals showed skin changes similar to those observed during the initiation phase. The tumors observed were diagnosed histopathologically predominantly as squamous cell papillomas. It may also be concluded that boiling range and hydrotreating pressure might have an influence on the biological activities of MDs. (orig./VHE)Available from TIB Hannover: RN 4117(412-2) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Teilvorhaben Kanzerogenitaetspruefung von umwelt- und arbeitsplatzrelevanten PAH nach intrapulmonaler Applikation bei Ratten

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: D.Dt.F. AC 1000(37,31) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Middle distillates - analytical investigations and mutagenicity studies

With 15 tabs., 13 figs.SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RN 4117(412-1) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Different Routes of Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) Receptor Endocytosis Influence BMP Signaling

Endocytosis is important for a variety of functions in eukaryotic cells, including the regulation of signaling cascades via transmembrane receptors. The internalization of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor type I (BRI) and type II (BRII) and its relation to signaling were largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that both receptor types undergo constitutive endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) but that only BRII undergoes also caveola-like internalization. Using several complementary approaches, we could show that (i) BMP-2-mediated Smad1/5 phosphorylation occurs at the plasma membrane in nonraft regions, (ii) continuation of Smad signaling resulting in a transcriptional response requires endocytosis via the clathrin-mediated route, and (iii) BMP signaling leading to alkaline phosphatase induction initiates from receptors that fractionate into cholesterol-enriched, detergent-resistant membranes. Furthermore, we show that BRII interacts with Eps15R, a constitutive component of CCPs, and with caveolin-1, the marker protein of caveolae. Taken together, the localization of BMP receptors in distinct membrane domains is prerequisite to their taking different endocytosis routes with specific impacts on Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signaling cascades

Wirkung von Ethylen auf Mensch und Tier

With 1 fig., 9 tabs.SIGLECopy held by UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Verbundprojekt Entwicklung und Erprobung biologischer Ueberwachungsmethoden (Biological monitoring) bei der Einwirkung von PAH auf den Menschen Teilvorhaben: Untersuchungen zur Carcinogenitaet von Nebenstromrauchkondensatfraktionen im Lungenimplantationstest an Ratten

Available from TIB Hannover: D.Dt.F. AC 1000(37,32) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman