Die funktionskieferorthopädische Behandlung von Säuglingen mit Robin Sequenz mit der „Pre-Epiglottic Baton Plate“: Eine 10-jährige Erfahrung

Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Wirkung der Tübinger Spornplatte auf die obstruktive Atemstörung, die Sauerstoffentsättigungen und auf die Gedeihstörung der Säuglinge mit isolierter Pierre Robin Sequenz zu überprüfen. Dazu wurden die Daten von 120 Säuglingen mit isolierter RS retrospektiv untersucht. Die Aufzeichnungen der durchgeführten Polysomnographien bei Aufnahme, während der Plattenbehandlung und nach drei Monaten wurden auf gemischte Apnoen, auf Hypoxämien und Hyperkapnien hin ausgewertet. Es konnte bei allen Patienten eine Verbesserung der gemischt obstruktiven Apnoen und Hypoxämien, eine Verbesserung des kapillären pH und pCO2 verzeichnet werden. Die Abschätzung der Schwere der Atmungsstörung und die Auswertung der Therapieergebnisse erfolgten durch Polygraphien. Es wurde eine Verbesserung des MOAI um 72,95 Prozent und des DI80 um 71,61 Prozent erreicht. 21,4 Prozent der Kinder unserer Studie werden durch die Therapie mit der PEBP erfolgreich von oberen Atemwegsobstruktionen geheilt. Die problematische Atmungssituation wird bei der Nahrungsaufnahme durch vermehrte Atemanstrengung zusätzlich verstärkt, woraus bei den Kindern regelmäßig Gedeihstörungen resultieren. Dies macht den Einsatz unterstützender Maßnahmen bei der Nahrungsaufnahme, wie Ernährung über eine nasogastrale Sonde oder auch die Gastrostomie, notwendig (Caouette-Laberge L et al., 1994). Unter der Therapie mit der PEBP konnte die Anzahl der Kinder mit nasogastraler Sonde von 17 auf vier reduziert werden. Dies bringt nicht nur eine Erleichterung für die Eltern in der Versorgung ihrer Kinder mit sich, sondern trägt auch zur Verkürzung der stationären Aufenthaltsdauer bei. Des Weiteren kann eine positive Gewichtsentwicklung bis zum Kontrolltermin, sowie die rückläufige Anzahl an Säuglingen mit nasogastraler Sonde bis zur Entlassung (Cochran`s- und McMenar-Test p < 0,001) postuliert werden. Der Vergleich der medianen SDS-Werte lässt einen positiven Effekt der Plattenbehandlung auf das Gedeihen, die erschwerte Atemanstrengung sowie die Saug- und Schluckstörungen produzieren. Die Tübinger Gaumenplatte zeigte sich in der Behandlung von 120 Säuglingen mit isolierter RS als eine wirksame, nicht-invasive Therapiealternative

When a Librarian's Not There to Ask: Creating an Information Resource Advisory Tool

It is 2am. A professor wakes up with a new direction for her research; she must immediately learn about bioethics. In a dorm a student is finally ready to begin a paper on Cuba. Where do they turn? The library web site presents them with a bewildering array of resources and no librarian on hand to serve as intermediary. How can librarians facilitate research in their absence? What interfaces can be designed to educate users in their search? What metadata is needed to enable accurate retrieval? What is the librarian’s role in the increasingly indirectly-mediated information-seeking environment? Can the reference interview be effectively translated into a search interface? This paper describes a step towards resolving these issues by creating an on-line tool to assist users in selecting the database(s) most germane to their research needs

A Self-Adhesive Elastomeric Wound Scaffold for Sensitive Adhesion to Tissue

Pressure sensitive adhesives based on silicone materials are used particularly for skin adhesion, e.g., the fixation of electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes or wound dressings. However, adhesion to sensitive tissue structures is not sufficiently addressed due to the risk of damage or rupture. We propose an approach in which a poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based soft skin adhesive (SSA) acts as cellular scaffold for wound healing. Due to the intrinsically low surface free energy of silicone elastomers, functionalization strategies are needed to promote the attachment and spreading of eukaryotic cells. In the present work, the effect of physical adsorption of three different proteins on the adhesive properties of the soft skin adhesive was investigated. Fibronectin adsorption slightly affects adhesion but significantly improves the cellular interaction of L929 murine fibroblasts with the polymeric surface. Composite films were successfully attached to explanted tympanic membranes. This demonstrates the potential of protein functionalized SSA to act as an adhesive scaffold in delicate biomedical applications

Preferential Generation of 15-HETE-PE Induced by IL-13 Regulates Goblet Cell Differentiation in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Type 2–associated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus hypersecretion are well known features of asthma. 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15LO1) is induced by the type 2 cytokine IL-13 in human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) in vitro and is increased in fresh asthmatic HAECs ex vivo. 15LO1 generates a variety of products, including 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), 15-HETE-phosphatidylethanolamine (15-HETE-PE), and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE). In this study, we investigated the 15LO1 metabolite profile at baseline and after IL-13 treatment, as well as its influence on goblet cell differentiation in HAECs. Primary HAECs obtained from bronchial brushings of asthmatic and healthy subjects were cultured under air–liquid interface culture supplemented with arachidonic acid and linoleic acid (10 μM each) and exposed to IL-13 for 7 days. Short interfering RNA transfection and 15LO1 inhibition were applied to suppress 15LO1 expression and activity. IL-13 stimulation induced expression of 15LO1 and preferentially generated 15-HETE-PE in vitro, both of which persisted after removal of IL-13. 15LO1 inhibition (by short interfering RNA and chemical inhibitor) decreased IL-13–induced forkhead box protein A3 (FOXA3) expression and enhanced FOXA2 expression. These changes were associated with reductions in both mucin 5AC and periostin. Exogenous 15-HETE-PE stimulation (alone) recapitulated IL-13–induced FOXA3, mucin 5AC, and periostin expression. The results of this study confirm the central importance of 15LO1 and its primary product, 15-HETE-PE, for epithelial cell remodeling in HAEC

A novel, essential trans-splicing protein connects the nematode SL1 snRNP to the CBC-ARS2 complex

Open Access via the OUP Agreement Some strains were provided by the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center, which is funded by NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (P40 OD010440). Sequencing was performed by the Centre for Genome-Enabled Biology and Medicine of the University of Aberdeen, and proteomics analysis by the University of Aberdeen Proteomics facility. We thank WormBase for providing the community resource that facilitated the interrogation of C. elegans molecular genetics used in this work. FUNDING Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/T002859/1]; EASTBIO Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council PhD Studentship [BB/M010996/1 to R.E.B.S.]; University of Aberdeen Elphinstone PhD studentship (to R.Y.F.); University of Aberdeen. Funding for open access charge: Read and publish Agreement Scottish Institutions (SHEDL affiliated).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

KCNJ3 is a new independent prognostic marker for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients

Numerous studies showed abnormal expression of ion channels in different cancer types. Amongst these, the potassium channel gene KCNJ3 (encoding for GIRK1 proteins) has been reported to be upregulated in tumors of patients with breast cancer and to correlate with positive lymph node status. We aimed to study KCNJ3 levels in different breast cancer subtypes using gene expression data from the TCGA, to validate our findings using RNA in situ hybridization in a validation cohort (GEO ID GSE17705), and to study the prognostic value of KCNJ3 using survival analysis. In a total of > 1000 breast cancer patients of two independent data sets we showed a) that KCNJ3 expression is upregulated in tumor tissue compared to corresponding normal tissue (p < 0.001), b) that KCNJ3 expression is associated with estrogen receptor (ER) positive tumors (p < 0.001), but that KCNJ3 expression is variable within this group, and c) that ER positive patients with high KCNJ3 levels have worse overall (p < 0.05) and disease free survival probabilities (p < 0.01), whereby KCNJ3 is an independent prognostic factor (p <0.05). In conclusion, our data suggest that patients with ER positive breast cancer might be stratified into high risk and low risk groups based on the KCNJ3 levels in the tumor

Immunoadsorption for Treatment of Patients with Suspected Alzheimer Dementia and Agonistic Autoantibodies against Alpha1a-Adrenoceptor—Rationale and Design of the IMAD Pilot Study

Background: agonistic autoantibodies (agAABs) against G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) have been linked to cardiovascular disease. In dementia patients, GPCR-agAABs against the &alpha;1- and &szlig;2-adrenoceptors (&alpha;1AR- and &szlig;2AR) were found at a prevalence of 50%. Elimination of agAABs by immunoadsorption (IA) was successfully applied in cardiovascular disease. The IMAD trial (Efficacy of immunoadsorption for treatment of persons with Alzheimer dementia and agonistic autoantibodies against alpha1A-adrenoceptor) investigates whether the removal of &alpha;1AR-AABs by a 5-day IA procedure has a positive effect (improvement or non-deterioration) on changes of hemodynamic, cognitive, vascular and metabolic parameters in patients with suspected Alzheimer&rsquo;s clinical syndrome within a one-year follow-up period. Methods: the IMAD trial is designed as an exploratory monocentric interventional trial corresponding to a proof-of-concept phase-IIa study. If cognition capacity of eligible patients scores 19&ndash;26 in the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), patients are tested for the presence of agAABs by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based method, followed by a bioassay-based confirmation test, further screening and treatment with IA and intravenous immunoglobulin G (IgG) replacement. We aim to include 15 patients with IA/IgG and to complete follow-up data from at least 12 patients. The primary outcome parameter of the study is uncorrected mean cerebral perfusion measured in mL/min/100 gr of brain tissue determined by magnetic resonance imaging with arterial spin labeling after 12 months. Conclusion: IMAD is an important pilot study that will analyze whether the removal of &alpha;1AR-agAABs by immunoadsorption in &alpha;1AR-agAAB-positive patients with suspected Alzheimer&rsquo;s clinical syndrome may slow the progression of dementia and/or may improve vascular functional parameters

Examining mindfulness-based stress reduction: Perceptions from minority older adults residing in a low-income housing facility

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programs are becoming increasingly common, but have not been studied in low income minority older populations. We sought to understand which parts of MBSR were most important to practicing MBSR members of this population, and to understand whether they apply their training to daily challenges.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We conducted three focus groups with 13 current members of an MBSR program. Participants were African American women over the age of 60 in a low-income housing residence. We tape recorded each session and subsequently used inductive content analysis to identify primary themes.</p> <p>Results and discussion</p> <p>Analysis of the focus group responses revealed three primary themes stress management, applying mindfulness, and the social support of the group meditation. The stressors they cited using MBSR with included growing older with physical pain, medical tests, financial strain, and having grandchildren with significant mental, physical, financial or legal hardships. We found that participants particularly used their MBSR training for coping with medical procedures, and managing both depression and anger.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A reflective stationary intervention delivered in-residence could be an ideal mechanism to decrease stress in low-income older adult's lives and improve their health.</p