Prospect Theory Based Individual Irrationality Modelling and Behavior Inducement in Pandemic Control

It is critical to understand and model the behavior of individuals in a pandemic, as well as identify effective ways to guide people's behavior in order to better control the epidemic spread. However, current research fails to account for the impact of users' irrationality in decision-making, which is a prevalent factor in real-life scenarios. Additionally, existing disease control methods rely on measures such as mandatory isolation and assume that individuals will fully comply with these policies, which may not be true in reality. Thus, it is critical to find effective ways to guide people's behavior during an epidemic. To address these gaps, we propose a Prospect Theory-based theoretical framework to model individuals' decision-making process in an epidemic and analyze the impact of irrationality on the co-evolution of user behavior and the epidemic. Our analysis shows that irrationality can lead individuals to be more conservative when the risk of being infected is small, while irrationality tends to make users be more risk-seeking when the risk of being infected is high. We then propose a behavior inducement algorithm to guide user behavior and control the spread of disease. Simulations and real user tests validate our proposed model and analysis, and simulation results show that our proposed behavior inducement algorithm can effectively guide users' behavior

1-[(Dimethyl­amino)(phen­yl)meth­yl]naphthalen-2-ol

In the title compound, C19H19NO, the dihedral angle between the naphthyl ring system and the phenyl ring is 79.83 (6)°. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond, together with van der Waals inter­actions, stabilizes the mol­ecular conformation

Modeling and Analysis of the Epidemic-Behavior Co-evolution Dynamics with User Irrationality

During a public health crisis like COVID-19, individuals' adoption of protective behaviors, such as self-isolation and wearing masks, can significantly impact the spread of the disease. In the meanwhile, the spread of the disease can also influence individuals' behavioral choices. Moreover, when facing uncertain losses, individuals' decisions tend to be irrational. Therefore, it is critical to study individuals' irrational behavior choices in the context of a pandemic. In this paper, we propose an epidemic-behavior co-evolution model that captures the dynamic interplay between individual decision-making and disease spread. To account for irrational decision-making, we incorporate the Prospect Theory in our individual behavior modeling. We conduct a theoretical analysis of the model, examining the steady states that emerge from the co-evolutionary process. We use simulations to validate our theoretical findings and gain further insights. This investigation aims to enhance our understanding of the complex dynamics between individual behavior and disease spread during a pandemic

4-(4-Cyano­benzoyl­meth­yl)benzonitrile

In the title compound, C16H10N2O, the dihedral angle formed by the benzene rings is 84.99 (7)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular C—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen-bond inter­actions, forming chains running parallel to the b axis

4,4′-[(1,3,4-Thia­diazole-2,5-di­yl)bis­(thio­methyl­ene)]dibenzonitrile

The title mol­ecule, C18H12N4S3, consists of three essentially planar fragments, viz. two methyl-substituted benzonitrile rings and a substituted thia­diazole ring. The dihedral angles between the substituted benzonitrile rings and the central thia­diazole ring are 28.29 (10) and 78.83 (6)°, and the dihedral angle between the two benzonitrile rings is 72.89 (7)°

Influence of the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus on the density shape of the Galactic stellar halo revealed by halo K giants from the LAMOST survey

We present a study of the influence of the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE) on the density shape of the Galactic stellar halo using 11624 K giants from the LAMOST survey. Every star is assigned a probability of being a member of the GSE based on its spherical velocities and metallicity by a Gaussian Mixture Model. We divide the stellar halo into two parts by the obtained probabilities, of which one is composed of the GSE members and defined as the GSE-related halo, and the other one is referred to as the GSE-removed halo. Using a non-parametric method, the radial number density profiles of the two stellar halos can be well described by a single power law with a variable flattening $q$ ($r = \sqrt{R^2+[(Z/q(r))]^2}, \nu = {\nu_0}r^{-\alpha}$). The index $\alpha$ is $4.92\pm0.12$ for the GSE-related halo and $4.25\pm0.14$ for the GSE-removed halo. Both the two stellar halos are vertically flattened at smaller radii but become more spherical at larger radii. We find that the GSE-related halo is less vertically flattened than the GSE-removed halo, and the difference of $q$ between the two stellar halos ranges from 0.07 to 0.15. However, after the consideration of the bias, it is thought to be within 0.08 at most of the radii. Finally, we compare our results with two Milky Way analogues which experience a significant major merger in the TNG50 simulation. The study of the two analogues also shows that the major merger-related stellar halo has a smaller ellipticity than the major merger-removed stellar halo.Comment: 19 Pages, 14 figures, Accepted by A

Reduction of Eddy Current Loss of Permanent-Magnet Machines with Fractional Slot Concentrated Windings

Abstract-Fractional slots concentrated windings (FSCWs) are characterized with high magnetic motive force (MMF) harmonics which results in undesirable effects on permanent-magnet (PM) machines. A new design technique is reported in this paper in order to simultaneously reduce the sub-and high MMF harmonics. By using multiple layer windings and different turns per coil, a new 18-teeth/10-poles FSCWs PM machine is designed. Then, this machine is evaluated as compared with a conventional 12-teeth/10-poles FSCWs PM machine. Both machines are designed under the same electrical and geometrical constrains. The obtained results verify the high performances of the newly designed machine. Due to the adopted new winding type, the proposed design can effectively reduce eddy current loss in PMs as compared with the conventional design