Moral Education in Plato\u27s Gorgias

In this thesis I argue for the theme of moral education as an important theme for Plato\u27s Gorgias. The Gorgias has been commonly understood in terms of politics and philosophy either separately or jointly. I argue that the theme of moral education is equally important and deserves attention. I first contextualize the Gorgias into the cultural background of late 5th century BCE when the decline of traditional morality stimulated the Greeks to ask whether virtues (which were traditionally conceived to be hereditary traits exclusive to members of noble family) were teach-able (and thus, could be learned). Next, I analyze the three conversations in the Gorgias as a unity that demonstrates the impact of Gorgias\u27 teaching. Then, through an analysis of the relationship between morality, education, and politics, I argue that the Gorgias as a whole presents two contrasting modes of education, namely, Gorgias way of teaching and Socrates\u27 education, between which Socrates\u27 education is preferred, but not without its problems

Insights from ARPES for an undoped, four-layered, two-gap high-T_c superconductor

An undoped cuprate with apical fluorine and inner (i) and outer (o) CuO2-layers is a 60 K superconductor whose Fermi surface (FS) has large n- and p-doped sheets with the SC gap on the n-sheet twice that on the p -sheet (Y. Chen et al.). The Fermi surface is not reproduced by the LDA, but the screening must be substantially reduced due to electronic correlations, and oxygen in the o-layers must be allowed to dimple outwards. This charges the i-layers by 0.01|e|, causes an 0.4 eV Madelung-potential difference between the i and o -layers, quenches the i-o hopping, and localizes the n-sheets onto the i-layers, thus protecting their d-wave pairs from being broken by scattering on impurities in the BaF layers. The correlation-reduced screening strengthens the coupling to z-axis phonons.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Crystal structure and electronic structure of quaternary semiconductors Cu2_2ZnTiSe4_4 and Cu2_2ZnTiS4_4 for solar cell absorber

We design two new I2-II-IV-VI4 quaternary semiconductors Cu$_2$ZnTiSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTiS$_4$, and systematically study the crystal and electronic structure by employing first-principles electronic structure calculations. Among the considered crystal structures, it is confirmed that the band gaps of Cu$_2$ZnTiSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTiS$_4$ originate from the full occupied Cu 3$d$ valence band and unoccupied Ti 3$d$ conducting band, and kesterite structure should be the ground state. Furthermore, our calculations indicate that Cu$_2$ZnTiSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTiS$_4$ have comparable band gaps with Cu$_2$ZnTSe$_4$ and Cu$_2$ZnTS$_4$, but almost twice larger absorption coefficient $\alpha(\omega)$. Thus, the materials are expected to be candidate materials for solar cell absorber.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

LIVING WELL WITH WORRIES, HUMILITY, AND OTHER PEOPLE: LEARNING TO REFLECT ON LIFE WITH THE ANALECTS

In this dissertation, I present three distinct papers connected through the theme of control. The Analects suggests a view of control or human efficacy that we have a great deal of control over events related to us. But our control is often partial, limited, and indeterminate. It suggests, in other words, a continuum of control that goes from having (relatively) full control over certain things to having (relatively) no control over certain things, with a middle section where we exert partial and indeterminate amount of control. Operating under this model of control, I develop and argue for three theses regarding 1) the emotion of worry when our control and concern over things should go beyond a small set; 2) humility when we are humbled by the challenge of self-cultivation and others’ contributions; and 3) relational virtue when we give up a certain control and let others partially determine not just what we do, but who we are. In the first paper, I argue that in the Analects, learning to worry well is part and parcel of the Confucian cultivation program, and it includes learning to worry broadly about non-related others, and deeply about intimate others. In the second paper, I argue that in the Analects, humility is about ritually expressed vigilance developed from a strong desire for cultivating oneself and devotion to responsibilities that honor forerunners and check against misanthropy. In the third paper, I argue that relational virtues that characterize being a good friend, spouse, sibling, or child require more than the agent’s disposition, but also acknowledgement from intimate others, and in unfortunate situations, public acknowledgement and evaluation. To be relationally virtuous, the agent does not fully determine whether she is virtuous or not

Anisotropies in insulating La2−x_{2-x}Srx_xCuO4_4: angular resolved photoemission and optical absorption

Due to the orthorhombic distortion of the lattice, the electronic hopping integrals along the $a$ and $b$ diagonals, the orthorhombic directions, are slightly different. We calculate their difference in the LDA and find $t_{a}^{\prime}-t_{b}^{\prime}\approx 8$meV. We argue that electron correlations in the insulating phase of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$, i. e. at doping $x\leq 0.055,$ dramatically enhance the $(t_{a}^{\prime}-t_{b}^{\prime})$-splitting between the $a$- and $b$-hole valleys. In particular, we predict that the intensity of both angle-resolved photoemission and of optical absorption is very different for the $a$ and $b$ nodal points