1,614 research outputs found
The linear and nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings model for the multiphoton transition
With the Jaynes-Cummings model, we have studied the atom and light field
quantum entanglement of multiphoton transition, and researched the effect of
initial state superposition coefficient , the transition photon number
, the quantum discord and the nonlinear coefficient on the
quantum entanglement degrees. We have given the quantum entanglement degrees
curves with time evolution, and obtained some results, which should have been
used in quantum computing and quantum information.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1404.0821, arXiv:1205.0979
by other author
Tetraaquabis(N,N-dimethylformamide-κO)zinc(II) bis[(2-{3-[2-(carboxylatomethoxy-κ2 O,O′)phenyl]pyrazol-1-yl-κN 2}acetato-κO)chloridozincate(II)]
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Zn(C3H7NO)2(H2O)4][Zn(C13H10N2O5)Cl]2, is composed of a single anion and half a cation. The ZnII atom in the monoanion has a distorted triganol–pyramidal geometry, being coordinated by three O atoms and one N atom from one 2-{3-[2-(carboxylatomethoxy)phenyl]pyrazol-1-yl}acetate ligand and one Cl atom. In the dication, the ZnII atom is located on an inversion center and is coordinated by six O atoms in a slightly distorted octahedral geometry. In the crystal, the ions are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network lying parallel to the ab plane. There are also C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Cl interactions present, which lead to the formation of a three-dimensional structure
Magnetic Borophenes from an Evolutionary Search
A computational methodology based on ab initio evolutionary algorithms and spin-polarized density functional theory was developed to predict two-dimensional magnetic materials. Its application to a model system borophene reveals an unexpected rich magnetism and polymorphism. A metastable borophene with nonzero thickness is an antiferromagnetic semiconductor from first-principles calculations, and can be further tuned into a half-metal by finite electron doping. In this borophene, the buckling and coupling among three atomic layers are not only responsible for magnetism, but also result in an out-of-plane negative Poisson\u27s ratio under uniaxial tension, making it the first elemental material possessing auxetic and magnetic properties simultaneously
Helium-bearing superconductor at high pressure
Helium (He) is the most inert noble gas at ambient conditions. It adopts a
hexagonal close packed structure (P63/mmc) and remains in the insulating phase
up to 32 TPa. In contrast, lithium (Li) is one of the most reactive metals at
zero pressure, while its cubic high-pressure phase (Fd-3m) is a weak metallic
electride above 475 GPa. Strikingly, a stable compound of Li5He2 (R-3m) was
formed by mixing Fd-3m Li with P63/mmc He above 700 GPa. The presence of helium
promotes the lattice transformation from Fd-3m Li to Pm-3m Li, and tuns the
three-dimensional distributed interstitial electrons into the mixture of zero-
and two-dimensional anionic electrons. This significantly increases the degree
of metallization at the Fermi level, consequently, the coupling of conductive
anionic electrons with the Li-dominated vibrations is the key factor to the
formation of superconducting electride Li5He2 with a transition temperature up
to 26 K, dynamically stable to pressures down to 210 GPa.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning Makes Generalized and Calibrated Neural Text Retrievers
Prompt tuning attempts to update few task-specific parameters in pre-trained
models. It has achieved comparable performance to fine-tuning of the full
parameter set on both language understanding and generation tasks. In this
work, we study the problem of prompt tuning for neural text retrievers. We
introduce parameter-efficient prompt tuning for text retrieval across
in-domain, cross-domain, and cross-topic settings. Through an extensive
analysis, we show that the strategy can mitigate the two issues --
parameter-inefficiency and weak generalizability -- faced by fine-tuning based
retrieval methods. Notably, it can significantly improve the out-of-domain
zero-shot generalization of the retrieval models. By updating only 0.1% of the
model parameters, the prompt tuning strategy can help retrieval models achieve
better generalization performance than traditional methods in which all
parameters are updated. Finally, to facilitate research on retrievers'
cross-topic generalizability, we curate and release an academic retrieval
dataset with 18K query-results pairs in 87 topics, making it the largest
topic-specific one to date
The Viral TRAF Protein (ORF111L) from Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus Interacts with TRADD and Induces Caspase 8-mediated Apoptosis
Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) is the type species of the Megalocytivirus genus of the Iridoviridae family. It causes a serious and potentially pandemic disease in wild and cultured fishes. ISKNV infection induces evident apoptosis in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) and zebrafish (Danio renio). However, the mechanism is still unknown. After a genome-wide bioinformatics analysis of ISKNV-encoded proteins, the ISKNV open reading frame 111L (ORF111L) shows a high similarity to the tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) encoded by fish, mice and mammals, which is essential for apoptotic signal transduction. Moreover, ORF111L was verified to directly interact with the zebrafish TNF receptor type 1 associated death domain protein (TRADD). A recombinant plasmid containing the DNA sequence of ORF111L was constructed and microinjected into zebrafish embryos at the 1–2 cell stage to investigate its biological function in vivo. ORF111L overexpression in the embryos resulted in increased apoptosis. ORF111L-induced apoptosis was clearly associated with significant caspase 8 upregulation and activation. The knockdown of zebrafish caspase 8 expression effectively blocked the apoptosis induced by ORF111L overexpression. Significantly, ORF111L overexpression resulted in much stronger effect on caspase 8 and caspase 3 upregulation compared to zebrafish TRAF2. This is the first report of a viral protein similar to TRAF that interacts with TRADD and induces caspase 8-mediated apoptosis, which may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of ISKNV infection
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