1,625 research outputs found
An intrinsic link between long-term UV/optical variations and X-ray loudness in quasars
Observations have shown that UV/optical variation amplitude of quasars depend
on several physi- cal parameters including luminosity, Eddington ratio, and
likely also black hole mass. Identifying new factors which correlate with the
variation is essential to probe the underlying physical processes. Combining
~ten years long quasar light curves from SDSS stripe 82 and X-ray data from
Stripe 82X, we build a sample of X-ray detected quasars to investigate the
relation between UV/optical variation amplitude () and X-ray
loudness. We find that quasars with more intense X-ray radiation (com- pared to
bolometric luminosity) are more variable in UV/optical. Such correlation
remains highly significant after excluding the effect of other parameters
including luminosity, black hole mass, Ed- dington ratio, redshift, rest-frame
wavelength (i.e., through partial correlation analyses). We further find the
intrinsic link between X-ray loudness and UV/optical variation is gradually
more prominent on longer timescales (up to 10 years in the observed frame), but
tends to disappear at timescales < 100 days. This suggests a slow and long-term
underlying physical process. The X-ray reprocessing paradigm, in which
UV/optical variation is produced by a variable central X-ray emission
illuminating the accretion disk, is thus disfavored. The discovery points to an
interesting scheme that both the X-ray corona heating and UV/optical variation
is quasars are closely associated with magnetic disc turbulence, and the
innermost disc turbulence (where corona heating occurs) correlates with the
slow turbulence at larger radii (where UV/optical emission is produced).Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted by Ap
Application on small incision extracapsular cataract extraction in large-scale vision recovery action in Shaanxi Province
AIM: To investigate the characteristics of scale cataract operations and the effects and experiences of small incision extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in large-scale vision recovery action. <p>METHODS: Four thousand eight hundred ninety-two cases(4 892 eyes)of cataract were treated by small incision non-phacoemulcification cataract extraction from March 2010 to November 2011 in our hospital(Fuming No.1 surgery car of Shaanxi Province)which were retrospectively analyzed. Visual acuity, intraoperative and postoperative complications, the recovery of postoperative inflammation were observed. <p>RESULTS: Visual acuity reached 0.3 or more in 4 521 eyes(92.42%)at 1d after the operation, at 3d after the operation in 4 571 eyes(93.44%), there were 4 887 eyes with IOL implantation, implantation rate was 99.90%. All the cases had lesser intraoperative and postoperative complications, and the postoperative inflammation recovered quickly. <p>CONCLUSION: Small incision extracapsular cataract extraction with IOL implantation is simple, effective, economical, safe and adapting for large-scale vision recovery action
Ensemble Mapping the Inner Structure of Luminous Quasars
A simple prediction of the well-known unification model of active galactic
nuclei is that a sample of sources should exhibit an anti-correlation between
the solid angle of the dusty torus and of the ionization cone (as the sum of
them shall equal 4), which however has never been detected. In this work,
we analyze the correlation between [OIII] 5007 narrow emission line equivalent
width and for a large sample of luminous
quasars. For the first time, we detect a clear intrinsic anti-correlation
between them, which immediately verifies the torus/ionization-cone geometry in
luminous quasars. More interestingly, the anti-correlation significantly
weakens with increasing wavelength from 2 to 12 m, and disappears
at 12 m. Simulations show a cool dust component (in addition to
equatorial torus) with its strength positively correlating with the solid angle
of the ionization cone is required to explain the observations. This shows that
the polar dust seen in nearby active galaxies also exists in luminous quasars,
with its contribution to total dust emission increasing with (from
2 to 12 m) and reaching between 39%-62% (model dependent) at rest
frame 12 m. Our findings provide a unique approach to map the otherwise
spatially unresolvable inner structure of quasars.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Genome-wide gene responses in a transgenic rice line carrying the maize resistance gene Rxo1 to the rice bacterial streak pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola
Abstract Background Non-host resistance in rice to its bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), mediated by a maize NBS-LRR type R gene, Rxo1 shows a typical hypersensitive reaction (HR) phenotype, but the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this type of non-host resistance remain largely unknown. Results A microarray experiment was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying HR of rice to Xoc mediated by Rxo1 using a pair of transgenic and non-transgenic rice lines. Our results indicated that Rxo1 appeared to function in the very early step of the interaction between rice and Xoc, and could specifically activate large numbers of genes involved in signaling pathways leading to HR and some basal defensive pathways such as SA and ET pathways. In the former case, Rxo1 appeared to differ from the typical host R genes in that it could lead to HR without activating NDR1. In the latter cases, Rxo1 was able to induce a unique group of WRKY TF genes and a large set of genes encoding PPR and RRM proteins that share the same G-box in their promoter regions with possible functions in post-transcriptional regulation. Conclusions In conclusion, Rxo1, like most host R genes, was able to trigger HR against Xoc in the heterologous rice plants by activating multiple defensive pathways related to HR, providing useful information on the evolution of plant resistance genes. Maize non-host resistance gene Rxo1 could trigger the pathogen-specific HR in heterologous rice, and ultimately leading to a localized programmed cell death which exhibits the characteristics consistent with those mediated by host resistance genes, but a number of genes encoding pentatricopeptide repeat and RNA recognition motif protein were found specifically up-regulated in the Rxo1 mediated disease resistance. These results add to our understanding the evolution of plant resistance genes.</p
Manipulation of ray polarization in Compton scattering
High-brilliance high-polarization rays based on Compton scattering
are of great significance in broad areas, such as nuclear, high-energy,
astro-physics, etc. However, the transfer mechanism of spin angular momentum in
the transition from linear, through weakly into strongly nonlinear processes is
still unclear, which severely limits the simultaneous control of brilliance and
polarization of high-energy rays. In this work, we investigate the
manipulation mechanism of high-quality polarized rays in Compton
scattering of the ultrarelativistic electron beam colliding with an intense
laser pulse. We find that the contradiction lies in the simultaneous
achievement of high-brilliance and high-polarization of rays by
increasing laser intensity, since the polarization is predominately contributed
by the electron spin via multi-photon absorption channels. For instances, the
spin-polarized electrons in high-intensity laser pulse can radiate
high-brilliance high-polarization rays, while, for the
spin-nonpolarized electrons, to achieve the similar high-quality beams
with the same laser, the electrons must hold higher energies due to the spin
contribution mainly from the laser via the single-photon absorption channel.
Moreover, we confirm that the signature of ray polarization can be
applied for observing the nonlinear effects (multi-photon absorption) of
Compton scattering with moderate-intensity laser facilities
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