Hydrogenation Induced Reversible Modulation of Perpendicular Magnetic Coercivity in Pd/Co/Pd films

[[abstract]]In perpendicularly magnetized Pd/Co/Pd trilayers, the hydrogenation not only increased Kerr signal but also significantly enhanced the magnetic coercivity (H C ) by 17%. The reversibility was demonstrated by cyclic H2 exposure. The time constants of hydrogen absorption and desorption effect on H C range from tens to hundreds seconds, depending on the H2 gas pressure. The magneto-optical Kerr signal and magnetic coercivity was simultaneously recorded during H2 absorption and desorption. These multifarious signals respond differently and provide a detailed understanding of hydrogenation effect on the functional Pd/Co/Pd trilayers.[[incitationindex]]SCI[[booktype]]紙本[[booktype]]電子

A Review on the Relationship between SGLT2 Inhibitors and Cancer

Risk of increasing breast and bladder cancer remains a safety issue of SGLT2 (sodium glucose cotransporter type 2) inhibitors, a novel class of antidiabetic agent. We reviewed related papers published before January 29, 2014, through Pubmed search. Dapagliflozin and canagliflozin are the first two approved SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes therapy. Although preclinical animal toxicology did not suggest a cancer risk of dapagliflozin and overall tumor did not increase, excess numbers of female breast cancer and male bladder cancer were noted in preclinical trials (without statistical significance). This concern of cancer risk hindered its approval by the US FDA in January, 2012. New clinical data suggested that the imbalance of bladder and breast cancer might be due to early diagnosis rather than a real increase of cancer incidence. No increased risk of overall bladder or breast cancer was noted for canagliflozin. Therefore, the imbalance observed with dapagliflozin treatment should not be considered as a class effect of SGLT2 inhibitors and the relationship with cancer for each specific SGLT2 inhibitor should be examined individually. Relationship between SGLT2 inhibition and cancer formation is still inconclusive and studies with larger sample size, longer exposure duration, and different ethnicities are warranted