68 research outputs found
SdCT-GAN: Reconstructing CT from Biplanar X-Rays with Self-driven Generative Adversarial Networks
Computed Tomography (CT) is a medical imaging modality that can generate more
informative 3D images than 2D X-rays. However, this advantage comes at the
expense of more radiation exposure, higher costs, and longer acquisition time.
Hence, the reconstruction of 3D CT images using a limited number of 2D X-rays
has gained significant importance as an economical alternative. Nevertheless,
existing methods primarily prioritize minimizing pixel/voxel-level intensity
discrepancies, often neglecting the preservation of textural details in the
synthesized images. This oversight directly impacts the quality of the
reconstructed images and thus affects the clinical diagnosis. To address the
deficits, this paper presents a new self-driven generative adversarial network
model (SdCT-GAN), which is motivated to pay more attention to image details by
introducing a novel auto-encoder structure in the discriminator. In addition, a
Sobel Gradient Guider (SGG) idea is applied throughout the model, where the
edge information from the 2D X-ray image at the input can be integrated.
Moreover, LPIPS (Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity) evaluation metric
is adopted that can quantitatively evaluate the fine contours and textures of
reconstructed images better than the existing ones. Finally, the qualitative
and quantitative results of the empirical studies justify the power of the
proposed model compared to mainstream state-of-the-art baselines
Check on the features of potted 20-inch PMTs with 1F3 electronics prototype at Pan-Asia
The Jiangmen underground neutrino observatory (JUNO) is a neutrino project
with a 20-kton liquid scintillator detector located at 700-m underground. The
large 20-inch PMTs are one of the crucial components of the JUNO experiment
aiming to precision neutrino measurements with better than 3% energy resolution
at 1 MeV. The excellent energy resolution and a large fiducial volume provide
many exciting opportunities for addressing important topics in neutrino and
astro-particle physics. With the container #D at JUNO Pan-Asia PMT testing and
potting station, the features of waterproof potted 20-inch PMTs were measured
with JUNO 1F3 electronics prototype in waveform and charge, which are valuable
for better understanding on the performance of the waterproof potted PMTs and
the JUNO 1F3 electronics. In this paper, basic features of JUNO 1F3 electronics
prototype run at Pan-Asia will be introduced, followed by an analysis of the
waterproof potted 20-inch PMTs and a comparison with the results from
commercial electronics used by the container #A and #B
Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO
JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve
Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO
As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO
Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO
Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical
events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before
(pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the
multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the
monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and
SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is
a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The
real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the
electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to
ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming
a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to
the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos
up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30 for the case
of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is
evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay
interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert,
can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the
next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure
Correlation of baseline hormonal disorders with immunological failure and mortality in male HIV patients during follow-up
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