10 research outputs found
Essential omegaâ3 fatty acids are depleted in sea ice and pelagic algae of the Central Arctic Ocean
Microalgae are the main source of the omegaâ3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), essential for the healthy development of most marine and terrestrial fauna including humans. Inverse correlations of algal EPA and DHA proportions (% of total fatty acids) with temperature have led to suggestions of a warmingâinduced decline in the global production of these biomolecules and an enhanced importance of high latitude organisms for their provision. The cold Arctic Ocean is a potential hotspot of EPA and DHA production, but consequences of global warming are unknown. Here, we combine a fullâseasonal EPA and DHA dataset from the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO), with results from 13 previous field studies and 32 cultured algal strains to examine five potential climate change effects; ice algae loss, community shifts, increase in light, nutrients, and temperature. The algal EPA and DHA proportions were lower in the iceâcovered CAO than in warmer peripheral shelf seas, which indicates that the paradigm of an inverse correlation of EPA and DHA proportions with temperature may not hold in the Arctic. We found no systematic differences in the summed EPA and DHA proportions of sea ice versus pelagic algae, and in diatoms versus nonâdiatoms. Overall, the algal EPA and DHA proportions varied up to fourâfold seasonally and 10âfold regionally, pointing to strong light and nutrient limitations in the CAO. Where these limitations ease in a warming Arctic, EPA and DHA proportions are likely to increase alongside increasing primary production, with nutritional benefits for a nonâiceâassociated food web
Is Melosira arctica inedible, a supplementary or staple food for Arctic grazers? â Insights from the MOSAiC-and previous expeditions.
Gesundheit fördern - Tabakkonsum verringern : Handlungsempfehlungen für eine wirksame Tabakkontrolpolitik in Deutschland.
Time-Varying Fundamentals of the Euro-Dollar Exchange Rate
This study examines changes in the impact of the economic fundamentals on the euro-dollar exchange rate. First, the monetary model is augmented with the equity markets and the model is estimated in its structural form. Second, the time-varying impacts of the long-run fundamentals representing equilibrium in different markets on the euro-dollar exchange rate are examined using Kalman filtering. The time-varying structural model indicated that the relative importance of the different fundamentals was not equal and the impact of the fundamentals was time-dependent.Exchange rate, euro-dollar, structural form, Kalman filtering,
NF-ÎșB signaling pathways regulated by CARMA family of scaffold proteins
The NF-ÎșB family of transcription factors plays a crucial role in cell activation, survival and proliferation. Its aberrant activity results in cancer, immunodeficiency or autoimmune disorders. Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the signals that regulate NF-ÎșB activation, especially how scaffold proteins link different receptors to the NF-ÎșB-activating complex, the IÎșB kinase complex. The growing number of these scaffolds underscores the complexity of the signaling networks in different cell types. In this review, we discuss the role of scaffold molecules in signaling cascades induced by stimulation of antigen receptors, G-protein-coupled receptors and C-type Lectin receptors, resulting in NF-ÎșB activation. Especially, we focus on the family of Caspase recruitment domain (CARD)-containing proteins known as CARMA and their function in activation of NF-ÎșB, as well as the link of these scaffolds to the development of various neoplastic diseases through regulation of NF-ÎșB