Two jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferases in Gossypium hirsutum involved in MeJA biosynthesis may contribute to plant defense

Jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), the crucial plant hormones, can induce the emission of plant volatiles and regulate the behavioral responses of insect pests or their natural enemies. In this study, two jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferases (JMTs), GhJMT1 and GhJMT2, involved in MeJA biosynthesis in Gossypium. hirsutum were identified and further functionally confirmed. In vitro, recombinant GhJMT1 and GhJMT2 were both responsible for the conversion of JA to MeJA. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) measurement indicated that GhJMT1 and GhJMT2 were obviously up-regulated in leaves and stems of G. hirsutum after being treated with MeJA. In gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, MeJA treatment significantly induced plant volatiles emission such as (E)-β-ocimene, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool and (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), which play vital roles in direct and indirect plant defenses. Moreover, antennae of parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator showed electrophysiological responses to MeJA, β-ocimene, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and linalool at a dose dependent manner, while our previous research revealed that DMNT excites electrophysiological responses and behavioral tendencies. These findings provide a better understanding of MeJA biosynthesis and defense regulation in upland cotton, which lay a foundation to JA and MeJA employment in agricultural pest control

Solvothermal Preparation of CaTiO3 Prism and CaTi2O4(OH)2 Nanosheet by a Facile Surfactant-Free Method

Calcium titanate (CaTiO3) with prism-like-shaped and CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheet-like morphology were synthesized by a simple solvothermal route without any surfactants. X–ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed to investigate the microstructure of the samples. The experimental results showed that NaOH concentration played a key role for the formation of CaTiO3 prisms. With increasing NaOH concentrations, the obtained sample changed from CaTi2O5 aggregated particles to CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheets, and then to CaTiO3 prisms. When NaOH concentration was 7 M, CaTiO3 morphology is mainly composed of regular prisms. A rational mechanism was proposed to illustrate the morphology evolution of the samples synthesized at various NaOH concentrations. And the CaTi2O4(OH)2 interlaminar structure was illustrated.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.4.9697</p

Comparative Study on Hazardous Chemicals Management Systems at Home and Abroad

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of production processes, chemicals have become indispensable means of production and consumer goods in the process of modern social and economic development, playing a very important part in economic and social activities and people's production and life. However, with the wide application of chemicals, especially hazardous chemicals, the incidence of safety accidents caused by poor supervision in the process of production, operation, storage, and use is increasing. The safety of hazardous chemicals affects the safety of society and people's lives and property, and strengthening the safety supervision of hazardous chemicals is the key. Therefore, this article starts from the research background, research status at home and abroad, and combines the current situation of hazardous chemicals management in the author's unit., Through research on the safety supervision experience of other domestic units, as well as the European Union, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Germany, and other hazardous chemicals, feasible means for better supervision of hazardous chemicals have been summarized

Distributed Coverage in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks by Topological Graph Approaches

Coverage problem is a fundamental issue in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Previous techniques for coverage scheduling often require accurate location information or range measurements, which cannot be easily obtained in resource-limited ad hoc and sensor networks. Recently, a method based on algebraic topology is proposed to achieve coverage verification using only connectivity information. The topological method sheds some light on the issue of location-free coverage. Unfortunately, the needs of centralized computation and rigorous restriction on sensing and communication ranges greatly limit the applicability in practical large-scale distributed sensor networks. In this work, we make the first attempt toward establishing a graph theoretical framework for connectivity-based coverage with configurable coverage granularity. We propose a novel coverage criterion and scheduling method based on cycle partition. Our method is able to construct a sparse coverage set in a distributed manner, using purely connectivity information. Compared with existing methods, our design has a particular advantage, which permits us to configure or adjust the quality of coverage by adequately exploiting diverse sensing ranges and specific requirements of different applications. We formally prove the correctness and evaluate the effectiveness of our approach through extensive simulations and comparisons with the state-of-the-art approaches

Comparative Study on Hazardous Chemicals Management Systems at Home and Abroad

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of production processes, chemicals have become indispensable means of production and consumer goods in the process of modern social and economic development, playing a very important part in economic and social activities and people's production and life. However, with the wide application of chemicals, especially hazardous chemicals, the incidence of safety accidents caused by poor supervision in the process of production, operation, storage, and use is increasing. The safety of hazardous chemicals affects the safety of society and people's lives and property, and strengthening the safety supervision of hazardous chemicals is the key. Therefore, this article starts from the research background, research status at home and abroad, and combines the current situation of hazardous chemicals management in the author's unit., Through research on the safety supervision experience of other domestic units, as well as the European Union, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Germany, and other hazardous chemicals, feasible means for better supervision of hazardous chemicals have been summarized