1,2-Epoxypropane – Addendum: evaluation of a pregnancy risk group for the BAT value

In 2012, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of 1,2-epoxypropane (propylene oxide) [75-56-9]. If the MAK value of 2 ml 1,2-epoxypropane/m3 (4.8 mg/m3) is observed, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expect ed. 1,2-epoxypropane was therefore classified in Pregnancy Risk Group C. In 2014, the biological tolerance value (BAT value) of 2500 pmol N-(2-hydroxypropyl)valine/g globin was derived in correlation to the MAK value. As a result, Pregnancy Risk Group C is likewise valid for the BAT value. No prenatal toxic effects are to be expected by compliance with the BAT value of 2500 pg N-(2-hydroxypropyl)valine/g globi

Dichloromethane – Addendum: evaluation of a pregnancy risk group for the BAT value

In 2014, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of dichloromethane [75-09-2] and set a MAK value of 50 ml dichloromethane/m3 (180 mg/m3). In humans, exposure to 50 ml/m3 of dichloromethane led to CO-Hb levels in the range of 3%, which is above the endogenous CO-Hb range of 0.4–2.6% in non-smoking pregnant women. There is no information available on the CO-Hb level at which oxygen deficiency occurs in the foetal tissues. As a result, the possibility of prenatal toxicity cannot be excluded even if the MAK value of 50 ml dichloromethane/m3 is observed. Based on thisfinding, classification in Pregnancy Risk Group B has been confirmed. In 2015, the biological tolerance value (BAT value) of 500 μg dichloromethane/l blood was derived in correlation to the MAK value. Pregnancy Risk Group B istherefore also valid forthe BAT value. The possibility of prenatal toxicity cannot be excluded even when adhering to the BAT value of 500 μg dichloromethane/l bloo

Ethylbenzene – Addendum: evaluation of a pregnancy risk group for the BAT value

In 2011, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of ethylbenzene [100-41-4]. If the MAK value of 20 ml ethylbenzene/m3 (88 mg/m3) is observed, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected. Therefore, ethylbenzene was classified in Pregnancy Risk Group C. In 2015, the biological tolerance value (BAT value) of 250 mg mandelic acid plus phenylglyoxylic acid/g creatinine was derived in correlation to the MAK value. Pregnancy Risk Group C is therefore similarly valid for the BAT value. In adherence with the BAT value of 250 mg mandelic acid plus phenylglyoxylic acid/g creatinine, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected

2-Propanol – Addendum: evaluation of a pregnancy risk group for the BAT value

In 2018, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated and confirmed the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of 2-propanol [67-63-0]. If the MAK value of 200 ml 2-propanol/m3 (500 mg/m3) is observed, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected. Therefore, Pregnancy Risk Group C was likewise confirmed. In 2010, biological tolerance values (BAT values) of 25 mg acetone/l blood and 25 mg acetone/l urine were derived in correlation to the MAK value. Pregnancy Risk Group C is therefore similarly valid for the BAT value. In adherence with the BAT values of 25 mg acetone/l blood and 25 mg acetone/l urine, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expecte

Isopropylbenzene – Addendum: evaluation of a pregnancy risk group for the BAT value

In 2012, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of isopropylbenzene (cumene) [98-82-8]. If the MAK value of 10 ml iso-propylbenzene/m3 (50 mg/m3) is observed, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected. Therefore, Pregnancy Risk Group C was confirmed. In 2013, the biological tolerance value (BAT value) of 10 mg 2-phenyl-2-propanol (after hydrolysis)/g creatinine was derived in correlation to the MAK value. Pregnancy Risk Group C is also similarly valid for the BAT value. In adherence with the BAT value of 10 mg 2-phenyl-2-propanol (after hydrolysis)/g creatinine, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected

1,2-Epoxypropan – Addendum: Evaluierung der Schwangerschaftsgruppe zum BAT-Wert

In 2012, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of 1,2-epoxypropane (propylene oxide) [75-56-9]. If the MAK value of 2 ml 1,2-epoxypropane/m3 (4.8 mg/m3) is observed, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expect ed. 1,2-epoxypropane was therefore classified in Pregnancy Risk Group C. In 2014, the biological tolerance value (BAT value) of 2500 pmol N-(2-hydroxypropyl)valine/g globin was derived in correlation to the MAK value. As a result, Pregnancy Risk Group C is likewise valid for the BAT value. No prenatal toxic effects are to be expected by compliance with the BAT value of 2500 pg N-(2-hydroxypropyl)valine/g globi

Syncarcinogenesis of natural UV radiation and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the development of squamous cell carcinomas of the skin?

Summary Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the skin can be induced by occupational exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as in tar and soot, or to UV radiation and can be recognized and compensated as occupational diseases. A possible syncarcinogenic effect of these exposures in the development of SCC in humans is under discussion. For the scientific validation of this question, a systematic literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Studies on individuals with SCC of the skin and their precursors as well as occupational, non‐occupational, or therapeutic exposure to UV radiation and PAHs were selected. In addition, animal studies with exposure to UV radiation and PAHs were evaluated. After screening the abstracts of 510 identified studies, the full texts of 131 studies were reviewed. None of the epidemiological studies provided robust evidence for a syncarcinogenesis of PAHs and UV radiation in the development of SCC of the skin in humans. Nevertheless, as there are indications for a (super‐)additive effect of UV radiation and PAH exposure from animal studies and mechanistic investigations, syncarcinogenesis seems possible. However, quantitative dose‐response relationships are lacking which would allow comparison of the onset of an adverse effect between the different exposure levels

2-Propanol – Addendum: Evaluierung der Schwangerschaftsgruppe zum BAT-Wert

In 2018, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area re-evaluated and confirmed the maximum workplace concentration (MAK value) of 2-propanol [67-63-0]. If the MAK value of 200 ml 2-propanol/m3 (500 mg/m3) is observed, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected. Therefore, Pregnancy Risk Group C was likewise confirmed. In 2010, biological tolerance values (BAT values) of 25 mg acetone/l blood and 25 mg acetone/l urine were derived in correlation to the MAK value. Pregnancy Risk Group C is therefore similarly valid for the BAT value. In adherence with the BAT values of 25 mg acetone/l blood and 25 mg acetone/l urine, no prenatal toxic effects are to be expected