Acute myocardial infarction after inactivated COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and literature review

A number of vaccines have been developed and deployed globally to restrain the spreading of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The adverse effect following vaccination is an important consideration. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a kind of rare adverse event after COVID-19 vaccination. Herein, we present a case of an 83-year-old male who suffered cold sweat ten minutes after the first inactivated COVID-19 vaccination and AMI one day later. The emergency coronary angiography showed coronary thrombosis and underlying stenosis in his coronary artery. Type II Kounis syndrome might be a potential mechanism, which is manifested as coronary thrombosis secondary to allergic reactions in patients with underlying asymptomatic coronary heart disease. We also summarize the reported AMI cases post COVID-19 vaccination, as well as overview and discuss the proposed mechanisms of AMI after COVID-19 vaccination, thus providing insights for clinicians to be aware of the possibility of AMI following COVID-19 vaccination and potential underlying mechanisms

Threshold criteria for jet flipping below a sluice gate

In this project, the threshold criteria for jet-flipping below a sluice gate, on non-cohesive and uniform sediment beds, are explored. All experimental runs were conducted with an apron at both low and high submergence. Jet-flipping is a phenomenon observed when the emerging jet changes direction, from bed jet to surface jet. It was observed that the emerging jet tends to impinge on the sand bed resulting in scour. The other jet flow investigated is the filling phase in jet-flipping,characterized by a surface jet. In this report the various observations and characteristics of the scour and filling process are described and explained in the report. In addition, the influences of certain parameters on the processes are also investigated and relations between the parameters and processes were discussed. In addition, the critical zones whereby jet-flipping phenomenon ceased to occur was charted out and discussed. It was noted that the scour process was characterized by 5 different stages and the maximum scour depth was affected by both the tailwater depth and the densimetric Froude number. Likewise, both parameters had an effect on the fill depth. The frequencies of the jet-flipping cycles were also found to be affected by the tailwater depth and densimetric Froude number. It was noted that jet-flipping cycle frequency decreases with increasing tailwater depth but increases with increasing densimetric Froude number. The critical tailwater depth and densimetric Froude number whereby jet-flipping ceased to occur was also charted out and discussed. It was discovered that the ranges whereby jet-flipping occurs were relatively constant over different discharges and a lower critical tailwater depth exists, in addition to the upper critical tailwater depth. Also, the critical tailwater depth for jet flipping was also dependent on the discharge. As discharge increases, critical tailwater depth increases.Bachelor of Engineering (Environmental Engineering

Physiological Regulation of Photosynthetic-Related Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Proline Anabolism on Drought Tolerance of Wild Soybean (<i>Glycine soja</i> L.)

Wild soybean (Glycine soja L.), drought-tolerant cultivar Tiefeng 31 (Glycine max L.), and drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93 (Glycine max L.) were used as materials to investigate the drought tolerance mechanism after 72 h 2.5 M PEG 8000 (osmotic potential −0.54 MPa)-simulated drought stress at the seedling stage. The results indicated that the leaves of the G. soja did not wilt under drought stress. However, both the drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cultivated soybean cultivars experienced varying degrees of leaf wilt. Notably, the drought-sensitive cultivated soybean cultivars exhibited severe leaf wilt after the drought stress. Drought stress was determined to have a significant impact on the dry matter of the above-ground part of the drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93, followed by the drought-tolerant cultivar Tiefeng 31, with the lowest reduction observed in G. soja. Furthermore, the presence of drought stress resulted in the closure of leaf stomata. G. soja exhibited the highest proportion of stomatal opening per unit area, followed by the drought-tolerant cultivar Tiefeng 31, while the drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93 displayed the lowest percentage. Photosynthesis-related indexes, including photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, decreased in Fendou 93 and Tiefeng 31 after drought stress, but increased in G. soja. In terms of the antioxidant scavenging system, lower accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in G. soja and Tiefeng 31, along with higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) to counteract excess reactive oxygen species and maintain cell membrane integrity. In contrast, the drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93 had higher MDA content and higher activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and peroxidase (POD, 1.11.1.7). G. soja and Tiefeng 31 also exhibited less accumulation of osmolytes, including soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free proline content. The activities of δ-OAT, ProDH, and P5CS, key enzymes in proline anabolism, showed an initial increase under drought stress, followed by a decrease, and then an increase again at the end of drought stress in G. soja. Before drought stress, Tiefeng 31 had higher activities of ProDH and P5CS, which decreased with prolonged drought stress. Fendou 93 experienced an increase in the activities of δ-OAT, ProDH, and P5CS under drought stress. The δ-OAT gene expression levels were up-regulated in all three germplasms. The expression levels of the P5CS gene in Fendou 93 and Tiefeng 31 were down-regulated, while G. soja showed no significant change. The expression of the P5CR gene and ProDH gene was down-regulated in Fendou 93 and Tiefeng 31, but up-regulated in G. soja. This indicates that proline content is regulated at both the transcription and translation levels

Superelasticity of Geometrically Graded NiTi Shape Memory Alloys

A stress plateau with a strain of 5–8% normally occurs during the stress-induced martensite transformation (SIM) of NiTi shape memory alloys. Within the stress plateau, the correlation between the stress and strain is lost, which limits their application in certain fields which require accurate control of inelastic deformation. In order to address this limitation, a series of step-like NiTi samples with graded cross-sectional area were designed and fabricated. Multiple stress plateaus were achieved by varying the sample width and adjusting the number of steps; for instance, two and three stress plateaus were obtained in the samples with two and three steps, respectively. Also, linear force–strain response was obtained by changing gradually the width of the samples. The functional stability of the geometrically graded samples was significantly improved by incomplete recrystallization annealing (600 °C) followed by low-temperature (250 °C) aging treatment. The incompletely recrystallized specimens contained many dislocations and grain and sub-grain boundaries, which promoted the uniform precipitation of Ni4Ti3 nanoparticles during aging treatment. The homogeneously and densely dispersed Ni4Ti3 nanoparticles were able to strengthen the matrix considerably and prevent plastic activities during stress-induced martensite transformation. As a result, the functional stability of the geometrically graded NiTi samples was much improved. After aging at 250 °C for 120 h, all the samples showed a small residual strain of <1.0% after 20 loading–unloading cycles

A Study on the Prevalence Trend of Overweight and Obesity among Adults Aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province from 2010 to 2018

Background Overweight, obesity, and central obesity have become significant public health issues globally, affecting the well-being of residents. Analyzing the prevalence trends of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among residents in Shanxi Province can provide valuable scientific insights for the prevention and control of related diseases. Objective To analyze the prevalence and trends of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adults aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province between 2010 and 2018. Methods The survey data of adults aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province were collected during four rounds of the China Chronic Disease Surveillance project from August 2010 to November 2018 (in 2010, 2013, 2015, and 2018) to calculate the rates of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adults aged 20 and above in different years, and analyze the prevalence trends of overweight, obesity and central obesity for different characteristics of the study subjects. Results From 2010 to 2018, the overall crude rates and age- and gender-standardized rates of overweight among adults aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province ranged from 37.7% to 40.1% and 36.1% to 39.6%, respectively, with no significant upward trend (Z=0.005, 2.413; P=0.942, 0.120). The overall standardized obesity rate, overall crude rate of central obesity and the standardized rate central of obesity increased from 17.2%, 53.8%, and 52.4% in 2010 to 20.0%, 61.6%, and 60.2% in 2018, respectively (Z=8.100, 10.994, 12.218; P&lt;0.05). From 2010 to 2018, there was no significant trends in the comparison of the overall crude overweight rate and the standardized overweight rate among adults aged 20 years and above by age, gender and region (P&gt;0.05) ; the standardized overweight rate for males was higher than that for females (&#x03C7;2=4.259, P&lt;0.05), while the standardized obesity rate was lower than that for females (&#x03C7;2=13.724, P&lt;0.001) in 2013; no statistically significant differences between genders were observed at other time points (P&gt;0.05) ; the overall obesity rate, male obesity rate, and both male and female central obesity rates in the age group of 20-39 years old showed an upward trend during the 8-year period (P&lt;0.05). From 2010 to 2018, the standardized rates of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among urban residents were overall higher than those among rural residents (P&lt;0.05). Specifically, significant differences were observed in the standardized overweight rates in 2013 and 2015, the standardized obesity rates in 2010 and 2015, and the standardized central obesity rates in 2015 and 2018 (P&lt;0.05). The results of the Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that, from 2010 to 2018, the age-standardized overweight rate among females in Shanxi Province exhibited a decreasing trend (APC=-0.57, P&lt;0.05), while the age-standardized obesity rate among males showed an increasing trend (APC=2.72, P&lt;0.05). The standardized rates of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among urban and rural residents remained relatively stable over the 8-year period (P&gt;0.05). There was also no significant difference in the trends of these rates between different genders and regions (P&gt;0.05) . Conclusion From 2010 to 2018, the overweight rate among residents aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province remained stable, while the overall trends for obesity and central obesity rates showed an increasing trend. The prevention and control of obesity and central obesity should focus on the population aged 20-39 years to slow down the growth rate. For residents aged 40 and above, as well as urban residents, targeted prevention strategies should be implemented, so as to control the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity

Nursing of a patient with vagus reflex induced by ramp-incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (1例斜坡递增式心肺运动试验诱发迷走神经反射患者的护理)

To summarize the nursing management of a patient with vagus reflex induced by ramp-incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test. Given the few reports about vagus reflex induced by incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test, this paper summarized the management of vagus reflex induced by incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test in perspectives of standard operation procedure, prevention and rescue of vagus reflex and related nursing measures, in order to provide reference for clinical nursing practice. (总结1例斜坡递增式心肺运动试验诱发迷走神经反射的护理。心肺运动试验并发迷走神经反射的报道较少, 本文从规范试验操作流程、迷走神经反射的预防及救治、护理方面总结经验, 希望为临床护理工作提供参考。

A Case of Primary Hepatic Lymphoma and Related Literature Review

Objective. Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease. And the clinical manifestations of this disease are nonspecific. The objective of this paper is to improve clinicians’ understanding of this disease. Methods. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of a case of primary hepatic lymphoma in association with hepatitis B virus infection and reviewed the literature. Conclusion. The clinical manifestations of primary hepatic lymphoma are nonspecific. And it is easily misdiagnosed. Postoperative radiotherapy of patients with early stage was previously speculated to achieve favorable improvement. The application of targeted therapeutic drugs, chemotherapy, or combined local radiotherapy has become the first-line treatment strategy

Replication of genome wide association studies on hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility loci in a Chinese population.

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified three loci (rs17401966 in KIF1B, rs7574865 in STAT4, rs9275319 in HLA-DQ) as being associated with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-related HCC) in a Chinese population, two loci (rs2596542 in MICA, rs9275572 located between HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB) with hepatitis C virus-related HCC (HCV-related HCC) in a Japanese population. In the present study, we sought to determine whether these SNPs are predictive for HBV-related HCC development in other Chinese population as well. METHOD AND FINDINGS: We genotyped 4 SNPs, rs2596542, rs9275572, rs17401966, rs7574865, in 506 HBV-related HCC patients and 772 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in Han Chinese by TaqMan methods. Odds ratio(OR)and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by logistic regression. In our case-control study, significant association between rs9275572 and HCC were observed (P = 0.02, OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56-0.95). In the further haplotype analysis between rs2596542 at 6p21.33 and rs9275572 at 6p21.3, G-A showed a protective effect on HBV-related HCC occurrence (P<0.001, OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.52-0.84). CONCLUSION: These findings provided convincing evidence that rs9275572 significantly associated with HBV-related HCC