Interpretação simultânea da língua brasileira de sinais para a língua portuguesa : análise de estratégias utilizadas em uma conferência

O presente trabalho tem o propósito de realizar uma discussão e reflexão sobre questões referentes à interpretação simultânea da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) para a Língua Portuguesa a partir de um estudo de caso, em que analiso uma palestra proferida em Libras e interpretada para Português. Ao observar as estratégias utilizadas durante essa interpretação verificaremos quais caminhos percorre o intérprete em busca de uma interpretação mais coerente na língua alvo. Abordarmos também sobre alguns dos motivos que poderiam explicar por qual razão os intérpretes que atuam com língua de sinais sentem-se inseguros com a interpretação para a língua falada e apresentar estratégias descritas na literatura que podem ser utilizadas por intérpretes durante a atuação. Optamos por uma abordagem qualitativa baseada em uma metodologia descritiva. Os resultados da análise apresentam diversas estratégias utilizadas durante a interpretação, também apresentam algumas dificuldades e soluções que surgiram durante a intepretação. Os problemas descritos demonstram o papel importante do trabalho em equipe e da preparação, além das diversas estratégias possíveis já descritas nos estudos da tradução e interpretação disponíveis para os intérpretes.The presented paper has the purpose of creating a discussion, along a reflexion, upon the recent questioning on simultaneous interpretation of the Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS, in Portuguese) to the Portuguese Language, which comes from a case study where is analyzed a lecture given Sign Language and interpreted to Portuguese. By observing the strategies used during the interpretation, the possibilities on how the interpreter search for the proper interpretation will be verified. It will be approached as well some of the reasonable grounds which would be able to explain the reason why the interprets who work with Sign Language feel insecure on interpreting the spoken language and also present strategies described on literature that could be used by interprets during performance. It was opted on a qualitative approach based on a descriptive methodology. The analysis result presented several strategies used during interpretation, along with some difficulties and solutions presented while interpreting. The descripted situations demonstrate the important role of teamwork and preparation, besides the diverse possible strategies already presented on translation studies and interpretation available to interprets

Biomarker bei der cerebralen Amyloidangiopathie

Zur Feststellung der cerebralen Amyloidangiopathie (CAA) werden aktuell die modifizierten Boston Kriterien herangezogen (mBC). Diese beruhen vor allem auf neuroradiologischen Befunden, welche jedoch im klinischen Alltag häufig nur zu einer „möglichen“ oder „wahrscheinlichen“ Diagnose der CAA führen. In vorangegangenen Studien gab es Hinweise darauf, dass die Messung von Beta-Amyloid 1-40 (Aß40), Beta-Amyloid 1-42 (Aß42), Gesamt-Tau (t-tau) und phosphoryliertem Tau 181 (p-tau) vor allem zur Differenzierung zwischen CAA-Patienten und Patienten mit einer Demenz bei Alzheimer-Krankheit (AD) bzw. gesunden Kontrollpersonen hilfreich sein könnte. Die zentrale Frage dieser Arbeit war, ob es möglich ist, durch Liquor-Biomarker zwischen CAA-Patienten, AD-Patienten und gesunden Kontrollpersonen zu unterscheiden. Wir analysierten die Liquor-Biomarker Aß40, Aß42, t-tau und p-tau sowie das Aß42/40-Verhältnis von 31 CAA-Patienten, 28 AD-Patienten und 30 gesunden Kontrollpersonen. Wir verwendeten u.a. Receiver-Operating-Characteristics (ROC) zur Schätzung optimaler diagnostischer Parameter und führten eine quantitative Meta-Analyse aller zu diesem Zeitpunkt veröffentlichten Studien durch. Die analysierten Liquor-Biomarker differenzieren zwischen gesunden Kontrollpersonen und CAA (AUC > ca. 0.85) hinreichend genau, aber nicht in klinisch sinnvoller Genauigkeit zwischen CAA und AD. Der Versuch CAA und AD durch eine Differenzierung des Beta-Amyloids zu trennen, ist somit nicht erfolgreich gewesen

DIALOG: Fostering Early Career Development Across the Aquatic Sciences

A total of 447 dissertation abstracts were received for the DIALOG V Program, with 146 individuals applying for the DIALOG V Symposium; 47 were invited and 45 have accepted. This represents a significant increase compared to the DIALOG IV Program in which 221 abstracts were registered and 124 applied for the symposium. The importance of the dissertation registration service is indicated by the increasing number of individuals who take time to register their dissertation even when they are not interested in applying to the symposium. The number of visits to the webpage has also increased significantly over the years. This also reflects graduate interest in being part of the on-line Dissertation Registry and receiving the weekly electronic DIALOG Newsletter. See http://aslo.org/phd.html for details. The DIALOG symposium reaches approximately 40 new PI's at a pivotal point in their research careers. Based on their comments, the symposium changes the way participants think, communicate, and approach their research. The science community and the general population will benefit from the perspectives these new PI's bring back to their home institutions and share with their students and colleagues. This group should act as a catalyst to move the entire field in exciting new, interdisciplinary directions. To reach more graduates, plans are underway to establish the symposium on an annual basis. By facilitating the development of close collegial ties, symposium participants come away with a network of colleagues from around the globe with interests in aquatic science research and education. Past participants are collaborating on research proposals, and all have noted that participation has enabled them to develop a more interdisciplinary view of their field, influencing the way they interpret, communicate, and approacli their research. The dissertation registry provides a unique introduction to the work of this most recent generation of aquatic scientists. Each year increasing numbers of graduates take advantage of the opportunity to be part of this international collection, and more scientists, employers and administrators use this resource to identify recent graduates and get an overview of their work. Dissertation abstracts are submitted on line and immediately posted on the ASLO web site in a format that can be searched by year, name, and key words (www.aslo.org/phd.html). In addition to the recognition, program participants receive a compilation of abstracts, a directory, and a demographic profile of their cohort. An electronic distribution list keeps recent grads informed about job opportunities, resources, recent advances across the aquatic sciences, and-other research and professional news. Finally, the interdisciplinary symposium offers a unique opportunity for grads to get to know each other and share common experiences, and address the challenges and opportunities facing new professionals. The DIALOG Program is a long-term investment in human resources and science infrastructure. The most interesting and important questions in aquatic and other sciences are increasingly interdisciplinary and this program brings together scientists from across the full spectrum of biologically relevant aquatic science. The DIALOG database will become increasingly useful as more graduates participate. While the full impact of the program will probably not be realized for many years, there have already been many tangible results. Several interdisciplinary (including some international) research collaborations have been started; an international student exchange program has been set up at two institutions; several workshops and meeting sessions have been organized; and the entire group continues to communicate about research, education, and science policy issues via an electronic distribution list. The goal of the DIALOG symposium is to foster cross-disciplinary and international understanding and interactions at an early career stage, so that interdisciplinary perspectives and collegial relationships can build over a full professional lifetime. Participants come from a variety of institutions, including some of the most innovative and productive aquatic research programs in the world. The international mix provides valuable insight into the research strengths and concerns in different parts of the globe. Unlike so many professional conferences where multiple concurrent sessions force us to attend narrow sessions on select topics, the DIALOG symposium affords the lUXury of listening without distraction to a diverse array of topics, to look for relationships and develop a broader context for their work

In vitro synergisms obtained by amphotericin B and voriconazole associated with non-antifungal agents against Fusarium spp

AbstractFusarium spp is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for causing invasive hyalohyphomycosis in immunocompromised patients. Due to its susceptibility pattern with a remarkable resistance to antifungal agents the treatment failures and mortality rates are high. To overcome this situation, combination therapy may be considered which must be subjected to in vitro tests.In vitro activities of amphotericin B, itraconazole, and voriconazole associated with azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, fluvastatin, ibuprofen, metronidazole, and also the combination of amphotericin B plus rifampin against 23 strains of Fusarium spp. through the checkerboard technique based on M38-A2 [Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2008). Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi; approved standard, 2nd ed. (CLSI document M38-A2) (ISBN 1-56238-668-9). Wayne, PA: CLSI] were evaluated.The best synergistic interactions with amphotericin B were with ibuprofen (43.5%) (FICI [fractional inhibitory concentration index] range = 0.25–2). Combinations with voriconazole showed synergism, mainly with ciprofloxacin (30.4%) (FICI range = 0.25–3) and metronidazole (30.4%) (FICI range = 0.1–4); however, all the combinations with itraconazole were indifferent. In general, antagonistic interactions were not registered.Our results showed that in vitro synergisms obtained by some combinations studied deserve attention since they were better than those showed by the antimycotic

Potencial antioxidante in vitro das folhas de ipomoea cairica l. sweet

This work describes the antioxidant activity evaluation and determination of polyphenols of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and dichloromethane (CH2 Cl2 ) fractions of the leaves of Ipomoea cairica L. Sweet, a plant belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. This species is popularly known as corda­de­viola and is used in Brazilian folk medicine as anti­inflammatory and antirheumatic. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and each fraction was the IC50 calculated. The IC50 showed values of 43.06 µg/mL for CH2 Cl2 fraction and 45.43 µg/mL for the EtOAc fraction. The polyphenol content was determined using the patterns pyrogallic and gallic acids. From this work was not possible to establish a positive relationship between amount of phenolics compounds and antioxidant activity performed by ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fractions. Both showed similar DPPH front, but distinct in the quantification of phenolics compounds.O presente trabalho descreve a avaliação da atividade antioxidante e o doseamento de polifenóis totais das frações acetato de etila (AcOEt) e diclorometano (CH2Cl2) das folhas de Ipomoea cairica L. Sweet, uma planta pertencente à família Convolvulaceae. Essa espécie é conhecida popularmente como corda-de-viola e é utilizada na medicina popular brasileira, como anti-inflamatório e antirreumático. A atividade antioxidante foi determinada pelo método do DPPH e cada fração teve o IC50 calculado. O IC50 apresentou valores de 43,06 μg/mL para a fração CH2Cl2 e de 45,43μg/mL para a fração AcOEt. O conteúdo de polifenóis foi determinado através da utilização dos padrões de ácido pirogálico e ácido gálico. Nesse trabalho não foi possívelestabelecer uma relação positiva entre a quantidade de compostos fenólicos e a atividade antioxidante desempenhada pelas frações acetato de etila e diclorometano, uma vez que ambas apresentaram comportamentos semelhantes frente ao DPPH, mas distintos na quantificação de compostos fenólicos.Palavras-chave: Ipomoea cairica, corda-de-viola, DPPH,atividade antioxidante, compostos fenólicos, folhas

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: New Data and Quantitative Meta-Analysis

Background To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in patients with probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) according to the modified Boston criteria in a retrospective multicentric cohort. Methods Beta-amyloid 1-40 (Aβ40), beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181) were measured in 31 patients with probable CAA, 28 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 30 controls. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analyses were performed for the measured parameters as well as the Aβ42/40 ratio to estimate diagnostic parameters. A meta-analysis of all amenable published studies was conducted. Results In our data Aβ42/40 (AUC 0.88) discriminated best between CAA and controls while Aβ40 did not perform well (AUC 0.63). Differentiating between CAA and AD, p-tau181 (AUC 0.75) discriminated best in this study while Aβ40 (AUC 0.58) and Aβ42 (AUC 0.54) provided no discrimination. In the meta-analysis, Aβ42/40 (AUC 0.90) showed the best discrimination between CAA and controls followed by t-tau (AUC 0.79), Aβ40 (AUC 0.76), and p-tau181 (AUC 0.71). P-tau181 (AUC 0.76), Aβ40 (AUC 0.73), and t-tau (AUC 0.71) differentiated comparably between AD and CAA while Aβ42 (AUC 0.54) did not. In agreement with studies examining AD biomarkers, Aβ42/40 discriminated excellently between AD and controls (AUC 0.92-0.96) in this study as well as the meta-analysis. Conclusion The analyzed parameters differentiate between controls and CAA with clinically useful accuracy (AUC > ∼0.85) but not between CAA and AD. Since there is a neuropathological, clinical and diagnostic continuum between CAA and AD, other diagnostic markers, e.g., novel CSF biomarkers or other parameters might be more successful

Role of envelope glycoprotein complexes in cell-associated spread of human cytomegalovirus

The role of viral envelope glycoproteins, particularly the accessory proteins of trimeric and pentameric gH/gL-complexes, in cell-associated spread of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is unclear. We aimed to investigate their contribution in the context of HCMV variants that grow in a strictly cell-associated manner. In the genome of Merlin pAL1502, the glycoproteins gB, gH, gL, gM, and gN were deleted by introducing stop codons, and the mutants were analyzed for viral growth. Merlin and recent HCMV isolates were compared by quantitative immunoblotting for expression of accessory proteins of the trimeric and pentameric gH/gL-complexes, gO and pUL128. Isolates were treated with siRNAs against gO and pUL128 and analyzed regarding focal growth and release of infectious virus. All five tested glycoproteins were essential for growth of Merlin pAL1502. Compared with this model virus, higher gO levels were measured in recent isolates of HCMV, and its knockdown decreased viral growth. Knockdown of pUL128 abrogated the strict cell-association and led to release of infectivity, which allowed cell-free transfer to epithelial cells where the virus grew again strictly cell-associated. We conclude that both trimer and pentamer contribute to cell-associated spread of recent clinical HCMV isolates and downregulation of pentamer can release infectious virus into the supernatant

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in athletes – A qualitative assessment of symptom perception

© 2016Background A poor relationship between perceived respiratory symptoms and objective evidence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in athletes is often reported; however, the reasons for this disconnect remain unclear. The primary aim of this study was to utilise a qualitative-analytical approach to compare respiratory symptoms in athletes with and without objectively confirmed EIB. Methods Endurance athletes who had previously undergone bronchoprovocation test screening for EIB were divided into sub-groups, based on the presence or absence of EIB ± heightened self-report of dyspnoea: (i) EIB-Dys- (ii) EIB + Dys+ (iii) EIB + Dys- (iv) EIB-Dys+. All athletes underwent a detailed semi-structured interview. Results Twenty athletes completed the study with an equal distribution in each sub-group (n = 5). Thematic analysis of individual narratives resulted in four over-arching themes: 1) Factors aggravating dyspnoea, 2) Exercise limitation, 3) Strategies to control dyspnoea, 4) Diagnostic accuracy. The anatomical location of symptoms varied between EIB + Dys + athletes and EIB-Dys + athletes. All EIB-Dys + reported significantly longer recovery times following high-intensity exercise in comparison to all other sub-groups. Finally, EIB + Dys + reported symptom improvement following beta-2 agonist therapy, whereas EIB-Dys + deemed treatment ineffective. Conclusion A detailed qualitative approach to the assessment of breathlessness reveals few features that distinguish between EIB and non-EIB causes of exertional dyspnoea in athletes. Important differences that may provide value in clinical work-up include (i) location of symptoms, (ii) recovery time following exercise and (iii) response to beta-2 agonist therapy. Overall these findings may inform clinical evaluation and development of future questionnaires to aid clinic-based assessment of athletes with dyspnoea

Susceptibility variation of Malassezia pachydermatis to antifungal agents according to isolate source

Malassezia pachydermatis is associated with dermatomycoses and otomycosis in dogs and cats. This study compared the susceptibility of M. pachydermatis isolates from sick (G1) and healthy (G2) animals to azole and polyene antifungals using the M27-A3 protocol. Isolates from G1 animals were less sensitive to amphotericin B, nystatin, fluconazole, clotrimazole and miconazole

Frequency of deep-seated cerebral microbleeds in patients with lobar hemorrhages and histopathological evidence for cerebral amyloid angiopathy

BackgroundCerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common disease and the most common cause of lobar hemorrhages in the elderly. Usually, deep-seated microhemorrhages preclude the diagnosis of CAA. In this study, we sought to estimate the frequency of deep-seated microbleeds on MRI in patients with lobar hemorrhages and histopathological evidence for cerebral amyloid angiopathy. In addition, we describe a cohort of patients with cortical and deep-seated microbleeds on MRI and a histopathological specimen available from lobar hematoma evacuation.MethodsRetrospective database search for histopathological specimens from lobar hematoma evacuation and review of imaging findings (CT and MRI) and patient charts was performed.ResultsBetween 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020, 88 specimens from 88 patients were available. A total of 56 specimens were excluded (no brain tissue in the specimen n = 4, other diagnosis n = 8, no MRI n = 43, and no BOLD-based sequence n = 1). Of the remaining 32 patients, 25 patients (78%) did not harbor deep-seated lesions on MRI, of which 17 patients had histopathological features of CAA. A total of seven patients harbored deep-seated CMB. Of these seven patients, three (3/20, 15%) had histopathological features of CAA.ConclusionApproximately 15% of patients with histopathologically diagnosed CAA harbor deep-seated microbleeds. This finding may add to the discussion on how to identify patients with CAA and deep-seated CMB