IMECE2002-39368 DEPOSITION OF YSZ THIN FILMS BY LIQUID FUEL COMBUSTION CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION

ABSTRACT Thin film of YSZ electrolyte is highly desired to reduce the electrical resistance in SOFCs. YSZ thin Films have been successfully produced using liquid fuel combustion chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) technique. Nucleation of the YSZ particles were investigated based on two processing parameters, i.e., substrate temperature and total-metal-concentration in the liquid fuel. An optimum substrate temperature was found for highest the nucleation density. The nucleation density was increased with the total-metal-concentration. Microstructure evolution of the YSZ particles in the early stage in film growth was also studied. It was found that the particle growth rate was linear with processing time, and the particle orientation was varying with the time in the early stage of the film processing. To enhance the film growth rate, the effect of thermophoresis was studied. By increase the temperature gradient towards substrate, the effect of thermophoresis was enhanced and the film growth is also increased

Chinese family with diffuse oesophageal leiomyomatosis: A new COL4A5/COL4A6 deletion and a case of gonosomal mosaicism

© 2015 Liu et al. Background: Diffuse oesophageal leiomyomatosis (DOL) is a rare disorder characterized by tumorous overgrowth of the muscular wall of the oesophagus. DOL is present in 5 % of Alport syndrome (AS) patients. AS is a rare hereditary disease that involves varying degrees of hearing impairment, ocular changes and progressive glomerulonephritis leading to renal failure. In DOL-AS patients, the genetic defect consists of a deletion involving the COL4A5 and COL4A6 genes on the X chromosome. Case presentation: We report a two-generation family (4 individuals; parents and two children, one male and one female) with two members (mother and son) affected with oesophageal leiomyomatosis. Signs of potential renal failure, which characterizes AS, were only apparent in the index patient (son) 2 years and three months after the initial diagnosis of DOL. Blood DNA from the four family members were submitted to exome sequencing and array genotyping to perform a genome wide screening for disease causal single nucleotide (SN) and copy number (CN) variations. Analyses revealed a new 40kb deletion encompassing from intron 2 of COL4A5 to intron 1 of COL4A6 at Xq22.3. The breakpoints were also identified. Possible confounding pathogenic exonic variants in genes known to be involved in other extracellular matrices disorders were also shared by the two affected individuals. Meticulous analysis of the maternal DNA revealed a case of gonosomal mosaicism. Conclusions: This is the first report of gonadosomal mosaicism associated to DOL-AS.published_or_final_versio

Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands in Chinese patients with multiple sclerosis: the prevalence and its association with clinical features

BackgroundCerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal band (CSF-OCB) is an established biomarker in diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS), however, there are no nationwide data on CSF-OCB prevalence and its diagnostic performance in Chinese MS patients, especially in the virtue of common standard operation procedure (SOP).MethodsWith a consensus SOP and the same isoelectric focusing system, we conducted a nationwide multi-center study on OCB status in consecutively, and recruited 483 MS patients and 880 non-MS patients, including neuro-inflammatory diseases (NID, n = 595) and non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NIND, n=285). Using a standardized case report form (CRF) to collect the clinical, radiological, immunological, and CSF data, we explored the association of CSF-OCB positivity with patient characters and the diagnostic performance of CSF-OCB in Chinese MS patients. Prospective source data collection, and retrospective data acquisition and statistical data analysis were used.Findings369 (76.4%) MS patients were OCB-positive, while 109 NID patients (18.3%) and 6 NIND patients (2.1%) were OCB-positive, respectively. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly shorter in OCB-positive than that in OCB-negative MS patients (13.2 vs 23.7 months, P=0.020). The prevalence of CSF-OCB in Chinese MS patients was significantly higher in high-latitude regions (41°-50°N)(P=0.016), and at high altitudes (>1000m)(P=0.025). The diagnostic performance of CSF-OCB differentiating MS from non-MS patients yielded a sensitivity of 76%, a specificity of 87%.InterpretationThe nationwide prevalence of CSF-OCB was 76.4% in Chinese MS patients, and demonstrated a good diagnostic performance in differentiating MS from other CNS diseases. The CSF-OCB prevalence showed a correlation with high latitude and altitude in Chinese MS patients

Comment on "Cryoforged nanotwinned titanium with ultrahigh strength and ductility"

We analyze the results of Zhao et al. (Reports, 17 September 2021, p. 1363) with a focus on the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution. We conclude that their results, together with the explanations and interpretations, are confusing, misleading, or even wrong

A Coupled Grid-Particle Method for Fluid Animation on GPU

In digital production environments, high-quality visual effects play a key role in our mobile device such as game and film. The simulation of fluid animation with free surface is an important area in computer graphic. However, the tracking of fluid surface is a challenging problem because of its instability. In this paper, a coupled grid-particle method for fluid animation surface tracking and detail preserving is proposed. Firstly, based on the nonequilibrium extrapolation method, we design a novel method for reconstructing distribution functions (DFs) of interface grids of lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and couple the reconstruction method with LBM and volume of fluid (VOF) to track the free surface, which can obtain the accurate surface. Secondly, in order to avoid the loss of details caused by weaknesses in the traditional LBM-VOF method, we design a coupled grid-particle method that not only makes full use of the advantages of the coupled grid-particle method but also realizes the two-way coupling between grid method and particle method. Furthermore, for achieving the real-time requirements of fluid animation, we use GPU parallel computing to accelerate the simulation and use an improved screen space fluid (SSF) rendering method for realistic rendering. The various experiments show that this work can track the fluid surface with high precision and preserve the details of the fluid surface, and it also achieves good real-time performance in large-scale fluid simulation

an automatic testing approach for compiler based on metamorphic testing technique

Compilers play an important role in software development, and it is quite necessary to perform abundant testing to ensure the correctness of compilers. A critical task in compiler testing is to validate the semantic-soundness property which requires consistence between semantics of source programs and behavior of target executables. For validating this property, one main challenging issue is generation of a test oracle. Most existing approaches fall into two main categories when dealing with this issue: reference-based approaches and assertion-based approaches. All these approaches have their weakness when new programming languages are involved or test automation is required. To overcome the weakness in the existing approaches, we propose a new automatic approach for testing compiler. Our approach is based on the technique of metamorphic testing, which validates software systems via so-called "metamorphic relations". We select the equivalence-preservation relation as the metamorphic relation and propose an automatic metamorphic testing framework for compiler. We also propose three different techniques for automatically generating equivalent source programs as test inputs. Based on our approach, we developed a tool called Mettoc. Our mutation experiments show that Mettoc is effective to reveal compilers' errors in terms of the semantic-soundness property. Moreover, the empirical results also reveal that simple approaches for constructing test inputs are not weaker than complicated ones in terms of fault-detection capability. We also applied Mettoc in testing a number of open source compilers, and two real errors in GCC-4.4.3 and UCC-1.6 respectively have been detected by Mettoc. © 2010 IEEE