Aura Science Team Meeting at The Hague (2005) - HIRDLS

Selection of presentations about HIRDLS from the Aura Science Team Meeting at The Hague (2005)

Combined ozone retrieval using the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) and the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)

The main advantage in combining limb and nadir geometries is that it allows the stratospheric and tropospheric ozone concentrations to be separated which makes it possible to improve the tropospheric ozone retrieval. This paper presents the retrieval method which will be used to combine TES nadir measurements with MIPAS limb measurements and shows some preliminary results. The Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) is a high-spectral-resolution infrared imaging Fourier transform spectrometer operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL). It has a spectral range from 3.2/μm to 15.4/μm and at present is mostly operating in the nadir mode. TES routinely measures temperature and concentrations of O3,H2O, CH4, CO, HNO3, and N2O. A local optimal estimation retrieval code (the MIPAS Orbital Retrieval using Sequential Estimation (MORSE)) was used to retrieve Volume Mixing Ratios (VMR's) from the low resolution ESA level IB MIPAS data and level IB TES data. A joint retrieval was achieved by using the MIPAS retrieved VMR profiles as the a priori for the TES retrieval. A similar method could be used in the future to combine MIPAS and IASI

Synthesis and binding properties of a macrobicyclic receptor for N-protected peptides with a carboxylic acid terminus

A novel macrobicyclic receptor, 3, has been synthesised by linking together a diaminopyridine with suitable amino acids, followed by a double intramolecular cyclisation of a suitably activated precursor. Macrobicycle 3 features a diamidopyridine unit, designed to serve as a specific binding site for carboxylic acid functionality, at the base of an open, bowl-shaped cavity. Incorporation of additional amide functionality around the rim of the bowl-shaped structure provides further hydrogen bonding sites to interact with peptidic guests. The binding properties of 3 with N-protected amino acid and peptide derivatives have been investigated by NMR titration experiments, which reveal that 3 is a strong and selective receptor for peptides with a carboxylic acid terminus in CDCl3 solution, the strongest binding being observed with Cbz-beta-alanyl-D-alanine (-Delta G(ass)=22.8 kJ mol(-1)). The macrobicycle is reasonably enantioselective (Cbz-beta-alanyl-L-alanine, -Delta G(ass)=19.1 kJ mol(-1)) and notably the binding of Cbz-beta-alanyl lactic acids is considerably weaker than the binding of the corresponding Cbz-beta-alanyl alanines (Delta Delta G(ass)similar to 8-9 kJ mol(-1)). Molecular modelling and 2D NMR studies have been carried out on the free macrobicycle and the 1:1 complex formed with the most strongly bound substrate (Cbz-beta-alanyl-D-alanine). These studies provide a consistent picture of the macrobicycle as a flexible receptor, which is able to bind the Cbz-beta-alanyl-D-alanine substrate in the macrobicyclic cavity with a series of well defined hydrogen bonds to the alanylalanine amide, and less well defined hydrogen bonds to the benzylcarbamate functionality