Study of Monte Carlo approach to experimental uncertainty propagation with MSTW 2008 PDFs

We investigate the Monte Carlo approach to propagation of experimental uncertainties within the context of the established "MSTW 2008" global analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling. We show that the Monte Carlo approach using replicas of the original data gives PDF uncertainties in good agreement with the usual Hessian approach using the standard Delta(chi^2) = 1 criterion, then we explore potential parameterisation bias by increasing the number of free parameters, concluding that any parameterisation bias is likely to be small, with the exception of the valence-quark distributions at low momentum fractions x. We motivate the need for a larger tolerance, Delta(chi^2) > 1, by making fits to restricted data sets and idealised consistent or inconsistent pseudodata. Instead of using data replicas, we alternatively produce PDF sets randomly distributed according to the covariance matrix of fit parameters including appropriate tolerance values, then we demonstrate a simpler method to produce an arbitrary number of random predictions on-the-fly from the existing eigenvector PDF sets. Finally, as a simple example application, we use Bayesian reweighting to study the effect of recent LHC data on the lepton charge asymmetry from W boson decays.Comment: 37 pages, 17 figures. v2: version published in JHEP. Supplementary material at http://mstwpdf.hepforge.org/random

Treatment needs and skill mix workforce requirements for prosthodontic care: a comparison of estimates using normative and sociodental approaches.

The traditional measure for assessing dental treatment needs and workforce requirements based solely on normative need (NN) has major shortcomings. The sociodental approach (SDA) to assess needs overcomes some of the shortcomings as it combines normative and subjective needs assessments and also incorporates behavioural propensity (Sheiham and Tsakos 2007). The objective of this study was to estimate and compare prosthodontic treatment needs and workforce requirements, using the normative and the sociodental approaches for different skill mix models

Treatment needs and skill mix workforce requirements for prosthodontic care: a comparison of estimates using normative and sociodental approaches.

The traditional measure for assessing dental treatment needs and workforce requirements based solely on normative need (NN) has major shortcomings. The sociodental approach (SDA) to assess needs overcomes some of the shortcomings as it combines normative and subjective needs assessments and also incorporates behavioural propensity (Sheiham and Tsakos 2007). The objective of this study was to estimate and compare prosthodontic treatment needs and workforce requirements, using the normative and the sociodental approaches for different skill mix models

Probing the Interior Environment of Carbon Nano-test-tubes

We report the filling of single walled carbon nanotubes with an electron spin-active fullerene species where a nitroxide radical is functionalized on the fullerene cage. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), optical absorption and electron spin resonance (ESR) are used to determine the rotational behavior of the encapsulated molecules and determine the polar nature of the nanotube interior

Greatly enhanced acoustic noise and the onset of stimulated Brillouin scattering

Experiments using near-infrared to ultraviolet lasers offer the potential to study the acoustic noise in plasmas. As the onset of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has come to be closely examined, the evidence indicates that the acoustic noise may often or always be far above thermal levels. Evidence regarding the noise is reported here, from two recent experiments which confirmed the theoretically anticipated onset behavior for SBS. In one case, the noise appears to be greatly enhanced above thermal levels. In the other case, the data place an upper limit on the noise level. There is physical grounds to believe that enhanced acoustic noise may be ubiquitous in plasmas, even in the absence of plasma instabilities which drive turbulence. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70848/2/PHPAEN-4-5-1825-1.pd

Effectiveness of a social support intervention on infant feeding practices : randomised controlled trial

Background: To assess whether monthly home visits from trained volunteers could improve infant feeding practices at age 12 months, a randomised controlled trial was carried out in two disadvantaged inner city London boroughs. Methods: Women attending baby clinics with their infants (312) were randomised to receive monthly home visits from trained volunteers over a 9-month period (intervention group) or standard professional care only (control group). The primary outcome was vitamin C intakes from fruit. Secondary outcomes included selected macro and micro-nutrients, infant feeding habits, supine length and weight. Data were collected at baseline when infants were aged approximately 10 weeks, and subsequently when the child was 12 and 18 months old. Results: Two-hundred and twelve women (68%) completed the trial. At both follow-up points no significant differences were found between the groups for vitamin C intakes from fruit or other nutrients. At first follow-up, however, infants in the intervention group were significantly less likely to be given goats’ or soya milks, and were more likely to have three solid meals per day. At the second follow-up, intervention group children were significantly less likely to be still using a bottle. At both follow-up points, intervention group children also consumed significantly more specific fruit and vegetables. Conclusions: Home visits from trained volunteers had no significant effect on nutrient intakes but did promote some other recommended infant feeding practices