An Adaptive fuzzy-PD inertial control strategy for a DFIG wind turbine for frequency support

With increasing levels of wind generation in power systems, guaranteeing continuous power and system’s safety is essential. Frequency control is critical which requires a supplementary inertial control strategy. Since wind power generation depends directly on wind conditions, this creates an immense challenge for a conventional inertial controller with parameters suitable for all power grid operations and wind speed conditions. Therefore, tuning the controller gains is absolutely critical for an integrated conventional/renewable power system. Here, a fuzzy-logic adaptive inertial controller scheme for online tuning of the proportional-derivative-type (PD) inertial controller parameters is proposed. The proposed controller adapts the control parameters of the supplementary inertial control of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine so that with any disturbance such as load changes, the active power output can be controlled to mitigate the frequency deviation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed adaptive controller demonstrates a more consistent and robust response to load changes compared to a conventional controller with fixed parameters

Intelligent electronic control in reading water meters

The main function of the smart meter system is to transport the volume consumption value to main data base unit (server or main computer) through some repeating points.  The system included these elements: The flow sensor, the valve (DC solenoid valve), the transceiver, the controller, the LCD, Vent valve   Each home or factory connected to smart meter and these meters relay the data to sub stations through any appropriate method these methods could be : Wired method Cables. RF communication methods (AM and FM), GSM network Wi-Fi connection, Ethernet network. Then the substation carries the data to main station, and the master computer does bill processing while no manipulation attempt, the substation will read the consumption and then convert it to m3. Also the authority can easily control the service so they could cut the service out by sending the stopping code to the meter. The benefits of smart metering for the utility accurate meter reading, no more estimates, improved billing, accurate profile, true costs applied and Improved security efficient procedure. We have achieved the goal of research; It can be used efficiently in Lima Company. Kay word: smart, water meters, sensors, controllers, bill value

Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir based antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C infection in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Background: Screening studies for hepatitis C have proved that it is more prevalent in patients with renal diseases. Chronic hepatitis C infection in patients with kidney disease not only accelerates renal deterioration but also adversely effects morbidity and mortality. Availability of direct acting antiviral drugs has revolutionized treatment of hepatitis C even in difficult patients. In advanced kidney diseases, selection of treatment is difficult. Aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Sofosbuvir based DAAs in patients with advanced CKD.Methods: In this Quasi experimental study, CHC patients with or without cirrhosis having advance CKD (eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and/or on dialysis were enrolled. End points of the study were documentation of SVR 12 or discontinuation of therapy. Different regimens of oral DAAs with or without Ribavirin were used.Results: 86 patients with a median age of 53 years were enrolled. 37 patients were on maintenance dialysis and 49 were not on dialysis with eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Virological response was 92.68% at the end of treatment and SVR was achieved by 90.2% twelve weeks after therapy. Insomnia 14%, headache 11% and anemia 7% were main dverse effects. Mean eGFR and creatinine before and after treatment remained the same. Only 2 patients relapsed, both were on dialysis thrice weekly.Conclusions: All Sofosbuvir based regimens used for the treatment of CHC in patients with end stage renal disease are effective and well tolerated. Close follow up is advised to monitor side effects

Association Between Diabetic Control And Anti-Diabetic Medication Adherence Using 8-Point Morisky Medication Adherence Scale In Local Population Of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Abstract: Background: Drug adherence to medications in diabetes is very necessary for strict glycemic control. Many factors in diabetics are associated with low adherence to drugs resulting in complications. Methods: This research was conducted as an observational study with cross-sectional study design. It was scheduled between July 2022 to December 2022 in medical outpatient department of Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Results: 115 individuals were inducted over a period of 6 months from medical OPD ex Combined Military Hospital Peshawar. Five patients failed to follow-up with research team resulting in a total of 110 participants included in results. Average age across the study sample was 50.25 ± 11.97 years with 58 (52.73%) males and 52 (47.27%) females. Most participant in our study sample were educated up to matriculation with BMI &lt;25kg/m2. Average duration of diabetes across the sample was 6.1 ± 3.69 years. In treatment options, 53 (48.18%) individuals were only managed with oral therapy, 16 (14.55%) on insulin only while 41 (37.27%) were prescribed with both oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin. Most common comorbid across study population was hypertension, seen in 59 (53.94%) diabetic patients, followed by cataract in 41 (37.47%) and IHD in 33 (30%) patients. &nbsp;In all 110 individuals, only 29 (26.36%) individuals had good glycemic control i.e., HbA1c &lt;7% with average glycosylated hemoglobin percentage measuring 8.29% ± 1.59%. As per MMAS-8 score, 25 (22.73%) patients reported good adherence, 31 (28.18%) patients reported fair adherence while rest 54 (49.09%) were found to have bad adherence. Average MMAS-8 score was 5.17. Conclusion: There is a correlation between medication adherence as measured by MMAS-8 score with control of diabetes as measured by HbA1c score in the range of 1.824% across the range of MMAS-8 score from 0-8. Sleep quality, BMI and multiple comorbid conditions were also linked with raised HbA1c. Key words: Drug adherence, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Diabetes, Non-diabetes, diabetic medication

Low Profile MIMO Diversity Antenna with Multiple Feed

ABSTRACT A Compact low profile MIMO Diversity antenna system with multiple feeds with a size of 105mm*61.5mm is proposed. Multiple feeds are used to provide maximum power to antenna elements so that signal can propagate a long distance. The proposed antenna is achieving multiple frequencies, i.e. 2.5 GHz, 3.21 GHz, 4.22GHz, 4.68GHz, 6.5GHz, 6.74 GHz, 7 GHz and 8.35 GHz. Measured S-parameters show the isolation is -23.715 db. The maximum achievable bandwidth is 1.32 GHz (1320 MHz). This antenna can be applicable at Wimax, WLAN, LTE and Satellite Bands

Impact of CEOs Pay Disparity on Stability of Banks: Evidence from Pakistan

This study is carried out to investigate the nature of association between Banks’ stability and the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) pay difference as compared to other executives for a sample of 17 Pakistani commercial banks, over the period of 9 years (2005 to 2013). The study finds that as compared to other executives, CEO pay difference has a significant but negative association with stability of banks performance, i.e., higher pay difference between CEO and other executives induced greater risk practices in banks. Hence, banks with lower stability must try to reduce the compensation gap between the CEO and his executive team, so that safe policies could be implemented

Comparison Of Quality Of Sleep Between Diabetic And Non-Diabetic Population Using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

Background: Sleep is an essential event that effects quality of life and hormonal balance in human body. The association between sleep and diabetes is bi-directional. Methods: This study was conducted with a case control design in the Department of Medicine of Combined Military Hospital Peshawar between June 2022 to November 2022. Results: . Mean age of study population was 51.1±12.94 years with 46% females and 54% males. Majority population was educated up to matriculation with BMI in normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m2) range. There was no statistical difference in demographic data amongst diabetic and control group . Avg HbA1c was 8.546% ± 1.57% in the diabetic group and 5.712% ± 0.49% in control group. As per PSQI questionnaire 47 (47%) participants were good sleeper across the study population, which included 17 out 50 (34%) individuals in the diabetic and 30 out of 50 (60%) in control group. This equated to statistically significant difference amongst two group with a p value 0.007. A statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) was also seen in PSQI score between diabetic and control groups (9.40 ± 5.82 vs 5.98 ± 4.85 respectively). Diabetics had 2.9 times odds (95% confidence interval 1.29-6.57, p = 0.01) of having bad quality sleep as compared to controls. In the diabetic group majority were males educated up to matriculate having medium adherence treated with both oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin having 3 or more comorbid condition with hypertension being most prevalent single comorbid disease. Conclusion: By strict glycemic control in diabetics we can imove their quality of sleep Interventions to improve sleep hygiene can be suggested to patients by diabetes educators as part of diabetes self-management education programs