THE PRODUCTION THEORY APPROACH TO IMPORT DEMAND ANALYSIS: A COMPARISON OF THE ROTTERDAM MODEL AND THE DIFFERENTIAL PRODUCTION APPROACH

Results indicate that, when comparing the unconditional derived-demand elasticities to the unconditional consumer demand elasticities, significant differences emerge due to the differences in the first-stage estimation procedure between the differential production approach and the Rotterdam model. In comparing the consumer demand price/corss-price elasticities to the derived-demand price/cross-price elasticities, it is clear that use of the Rotterdam model when a production approach should be used can lead to overestimation, underestimation, and incorrect signs in deriving unconditional price effects.dairy, demand, imports, international, production, Rotterdam, trade, Demand and Price Analysis, D12, D24, F10, F14, Q17,

THE PRODUCTION THEORY APPROACH TO IMPORT DEMAND ANALYSIS: A COMPARISON OF THE ROTTERDAM MODEL AND THE DIFFERENTIAL PRODUCTION APPROACH

The primary objective of this paper is to present the differential approach to the theory of the firm and to present the methodology of how it can be applied to import demand analysis. Furthermore, this paper compares and contrasts the use of the differential production approach with the Rotterdam model.Demand and Price Analysis,

THE DERIVED DEMAND FOR IMPORTED CHEESE INTO JAPAN BY COUNTRY

This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on impacts, for example, in terms of increased demands for feedgrains and the pressures for change within marketing systems? A supply-side response has been the continued development of large-scale, urban-based industrial livestock production systems that in many cases give rise to environmental concerns. If additional imports seem required, where will they originate and what about food security in the importing regions? How might market access conditions be re-negotiated to make increased imports achievable? Other important issues discussed involved food safety, animal health and welfare and the adoption of biotechnology, and their interactions with the negotiation of reforms to domestic and trade policies. Individual papers from this conference are available on AgEcon Search. If you would like to see the complete agenda and set of papers from this conference, please visit the IATRC Symposium web page at: http://www1.umn.edu/iatrc.intro.htmDemand and Price Analysis, International Relations/Trade,

THE DERIVED DEMAND FOR IMPORTED CHEESE INTO JAPAN: A TWO-STAGE DIFFERENTIAL PRODUCTION APPROACH

The goal of this paper is to provide the U.S. dairy industry with elasticities of Japan's derived demand for imported cheese differentiated by source country of production. These estimates are then used to assess the relative competitiveness of cheese imported from the U.S. to cheese imported from other source countries.Demand and Price Analysis, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

THE DERIVED DEMAND FOR IMPORTED CHEESE IN HONG KONG DIFFERENTIATED BY SOURCE COUNTRY OF PRODUCTION

The major goal of this paper is to provide the U.S. dairy industry with empirical estimates of the sensitivity (elasticities) of Hong Kong's derived demand for imported cheese differentiated by source country of production with respect to price changes and total import changes.Demand and Price Analysis,

Practices Used by Dairy Farmers to Reduce Seasonal Production Variability

The objective of this analysis was to identify the production practices used by farmers to change seasonal production. Production practices included milk production per cow, proportion of cows milking, number of first lactation animals entering the herd, number of cows leaving the herd, number of days to first breeding, and calves born. Farms that participated in a seasonal pricing plan during 1993, 1994, and 1995 decreased production practice seasonality in response to price premiums, which caused a decrease in production seasonality compared to nonparticipating farms. Participating farms showed a preference for adjusting entering first lactation animals and number of calves born, but did make adjustments in other practices as well.Livestock Production/Industries,

PRACTICES USED BY DAIRY FARMERS TO REDUCE SEASONAL PRODUCTION VARIABILITY

Results of this study further support the effectiveness of the seasonal pricing plan in reducing seasonal production variability. Florida Dairy farmers were able to change factors that affect production in order to take advantage of the seasonal pricing plan and that farmers that chose not to participate were able to affect factors to increase production seasonality.seasonality, Demand and Price Analysis, Livestock Production/Industries,

AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FLORIDA COOPERATIVE'S SEASONAL PRICING PLAN ON SEASONAL PRODUCTION VARIABILITY

From 1993 - 1995, Florida dairy cooperatives implemented a seasonal pricing plan in an attempt to decrease the variability in seasonal production. Farmers that participated in the seasonal pricing plan were able to reduce seasonality in each year when compared to 1992 by as much as 20 percent. For farmers that did not participate, seasonality increased in each year by as much as 32 percent. Overall, the seasonal pricing plan was effective in reducing seasonality for those farmers that chose to participate in the plan and that its limited short-run success was the result of seasonality increases by non-participating farms.amplitude, seasonal pricing plan, seasonality, Livestock Production/Industries,

Digital Equity in the Time of COVID: Student Use of Technology for Equitable Outcomes

This issue brief is the third and final in a series published by the Metropolitan Educational Research Consortium (MERC) addressing digital equity in K-12 schools. It examines research regarding students’ use of and outcomes related to technology. Research finds that inequities exist in use and outcomes for students based on gender, language, ability, race, SES and other sociocultural factors. Based on these inequities, theoretical and practical recommendations are discussed