Oxidative stress: acute and progressive lung injury

Oxidative stress in lung often occurs in humans during acute lung injury (ALI) and in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. The lung inflammatory response may proceed to the development of pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating complication that occurs in premature infants after prolonged exposure to high oxygen concentrations. Oxidant-related ALI can be induced by airway deposition of lipopolysaccharide or IgG immune complexes, resulting in activation of recruited neutrophils and residential macrophages, whose oxidants and proteases produce reversible ALI. In the presence of a powerful trigger of leukocytes (phorbol myristate acetate), or following intrapulmonary deposition of enzymes that generate oxidants, extensive endothelial and epithelial damage and destruction occurs, overwhelming repair mechanisms of lung and resulting in pulmonary fibrosis. How residential or circulating stem cells participate in regeneration of damaged/destroyed cells may provide clues regarding therapy in humans who are experiencing lung inflammatory damage.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79133/1/j.1749-6632.2010.05552.x.pd

Optimizing company cash : a guide for financial professionals

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_guides/1486/thumbnail.jp

Opportunities and challenges of disease biomarkers: a new section in the journal of translational medicine

Abstract Disease biomarkers are defined to diagnose various phases of diseases, monitor severities of diseases and responses to therapies, or predict prognosis of patients. Disease-specific biomarkers should benefit drug discovery and development, integrate multidisciplinary sciences, be validated by molecular imaging. The opportunities and challenges in biomarker development are emphasized and considered. The Journal of Translational Medicine opens a new Section of Disease Biomarkers to bridge identification and validation of gene or protein-based biomarkers, network biomarkers, dynamic network biomarkers in human diseases, patient phenotypes, and clinical applications. Disease biomarkers are also important for determining drug effects, target specificities and binding, dynamic metabolism and pharmacological kinetics, or toxicity profiles.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112748/1/12967_2012_Article_1370.pd

Opportunities and challenges of disease biomarkers: a new section in the journal of translational medicine

Disease biomarkers are defined to diagnose various phases of diseases, monitor severities of diseases and responses to therapies, or predict prognosis of patients. Disease-specific biomarkers should benefit drug discovery and development, integrate multidisciplinary sciences, be validated by molecular imaging. The opportunities and challenges in biomarker development are emphasized and considered. The Journal of Translational Medicine opens a new Section of Disease Biomarkers to bridge identification and validation of gene or protein-based biomarkers, network biomarkers, dynamic network biomarkers in human diseases, patient phenotypes, and clinical applications. Disease biomarkers are also important for determining drug effects, target specificities and binding, dynamic metabolism and pharmacological kinetics, or toxicity profiles

Therapeutic potential of targeting IL‐17 and IL‐23 in sepsis

Severe sepsis is a major concern of public health in industrialized countries. It is estimated that in the United States 200,000‐400,000 cases occur annually and resulting in an extensive burden for the health care systems. To date, no FDA‐approved pharmacologic agents for the treatment or prevention of human sepsis are available. The current modalities of therapy in sepsis include the standard arsenal of supportive interventions in critical care medicine and pharmacotherapy, with use of antibiotics and catecholamines. Despite such efforts, the mortality rates of sepsis have remained around 30‐50 %. Extensive scientific studies have utilized animal models of disease and aimed for a better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms during sepsis. Members of the IL‐17 family of cytokines, as well as the functionally related IL‐23, have been identified as new players in the molecular events during sepsis. Strategies for targeting these mediators with neutralizing antibodies during experimental sepsis in rodents have demonstrated efficacy, resulting in improved survival outcomes. Currently, it is not clear whether such findings can be translated to human sepsis. This review highlights the current knowledge on the biology of IL‐17 isoforms and IL‐23 as well as potential applications to clinical medicine.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155453/1/ctm22001132614.pd

Editorial: Blockade of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 restores defective innate immune responses in leukocytes from septic humans

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141591/1/jlb1229.pd