10 research outputs found
MENTAL STATE AND ITS PSYCHOPHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKAEMIA TREATED WITH BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Background: Acute leukaemia and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as a method of its treatment are great psychological
stressors, which are responsible for anxiety and depression in the group of patients. The aim of the study was to assess the patientsâ
mental state and its psychophysical predictors before and after BMT.
Subject and method: The study was of a longitudinal and self-descriptive character. The questionnaires: LOT-R, AIS, Mini-Mac,
CECS, RSCL and HADS were filled by 60 patients with acute leukaemia before and after BMT.
Results: There were no essential statistical differences between the severity of anxiety and depression before and after BMT but
the pattern and the power of various mental state predictors changed in the course of the hospitalization. Anxiety before transplantation
was greater when the psychological stress and the strategy of âanxious preoccupationâ were stronger and the strategy of
âfighting spiritâ and the level of generalized optimism were weaker. The factors explained 51% variations of anxiety before
transplantation. After BMT 77% variations of anxiety were explained, which were associated with a high level of distress at the end
of the hospitalization, higher level of anxiety before transplantation, weaker strategy of âfighting spiritâ before transplantation and
stronger strategy of âanxious preoccupationâ after BMT. Before transplantation 36% variations of depression were explained and
estimated as weaker âfighting spiritâ and worse âglobal life qualityâ. The essential predictors of depressive symptoms after transplantation,
explained by 81% variations of depression, were weaker âfighting spiritâ before transplantation, stronger âanxious
preoccupationâ after transplantation, worse âglobal life qualityâ after transplantation and higher level of anxious and depressive
symptoms on admission to hospital.
Conclusion: The psychological and pharmacological interventions, which reduce anxiety, depression and âanxious
preoccupationâ as well as enhance âfighting spiritâ, should be introduced before BMT to improve the patientsâ mental state
MODERN INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF OPIPRAMOL
Opipramol is considered as a pharmacological agent that does not fit the classification taking into account the division of
antidepressants, antipsychotics and anxiolytics. It has a structure related to tricyclic antidepressants but it has a different mechanism
of action, i.e. binding to sigma1 and to sigma2 sites. It has been regarded as an effective drug in general anxiety disorders together
with other agents like SSRI`s, SNRI`s, buspirone and pregabalin for many years. It can however also be indicated in other
conditions, e.g. it may be used as a premedication in the evening prior to surgery, positive results are also observed in
psychopharmacological treatment with opipramol in somatoform disorders, symptoms of depression can be significantly reduced in
the climacteric syndrome. The latest data from literature present also certain dangers and side effects, which may result due to
opipramol administration. Mania may be induced not only in bipolar patients treated with opipramol, but it can be an adverse drug
reaction in generalized anxiety disorder. This analysis shows however that opipramol is an important drug still very useful in
different clinical conditions
An analysis on the effect of crosscuts within shaft protective pillars on deformations of the surrounding rock mass deformations
The development of crosscuts within mining shaftsâ protective pillars causes a change of state of stress in the surrounding rock mass. It also causes deformations of the rock mass and the surface. It is essential to conduct prediction analysis of the deformations and stresses in order to secure a proper functioning of a shaft located within the protective pillar. It is recommended that the analysis should be based on the integration of the finite element method (FEM) and geodetic monitoring results. FEM makes it possible to determine the rock mass stresses and displacements in the shaft protective pillars and in the surrounding rock mass. It makes is possible to determine the safety and proper functioning of the shaft. The results of the FEM analysis of the impact of crosscuts and mining activities on rock mass deformations inside and on the surface of the protective shaft pillar are presented. The influence of mining extractions was investigated. The mining panels were located around the safety pillar in three regions NW, SE and SW and the crosscut were located within the safety pillar. The presented methodology will allow for the determination of the deformations and strains in case of farther development of crosscuts within the protective shaft pilar and by planned mining activities around the pillar
Integrated analysis of rock mass deformation within shaft protective pillar
The paper presents an analysis of the rock mass deformation resulting from mining in the vicinity of the shaft protection pillar. A methodology of deformation prediction is based on a deterministic method using Finite Element Method (FEM). The FEM solution is based on the knowledge of the geomechanical properties of the various geological formations, tectonic faults, types of mining systems, and the complexity of the behaviour of the rock mass. The analysis gave the stress and displacement fields in the rock mass. Results of the analysis will allow for design of an optimal mining system. The analysis is illustrated by an example of the shaft R-VIII Rudna Mine KGHM Polish Copper SA
MENTAL STATE AND ITS PSYCHOPHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKAEMIA TREATED WITH BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Background: Acute leukaemia and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as a method of its treatment are great psychological
stressors, which are responsible for anxiety and depression in the group of patients. The aim of the study was to assess the patientsâ
mental state and its psychophysical predictors before and after BMT.
Subject and method: The study was of a longitudinal and self-descriptive character. The questionnaires: LOT-R, AIS, Mini-Mac,
CECS, RSCL and HADS were filled by 60 patients with acute leukaemia before and after BMT.
Results: There were no essential statistical differences between the severity of anxiety and depression before and after BMT but
the pattern and the power of various mental state predictors changed in the course of the hospitalization. Anxiety before transplantation
was greater when the psychological stress and the strategy of âanxious preoccupationâ were stronger and the strategy of
âfighting spiritâ and the level of generalized optimism were weaker. The factors explained 51% variations of anxiety before
transplantation. After BMT 77% variations of anxiety were explained, which were associated with a high level of distress at the end
of the hospitalization, higher level of anxiety before transplantation, weaker strategy of âfighting spiritâ before transplantation and
stronger strategy of âanxious preoccupationâ after BMT. Before transplantation 36% variations of depression were explained and
estimated as weaker âfighting spiritâ and worse âglobal life qualityâ. The essential predictors of depressive symptoms after transplantation,
explained by 81% variations of depression, were weaker âfighting spiritâ before transplantation, stronger âanxious
preoccupationâ after transplantation, worse âglobal life qualityâ after transplantation and higher level of anxious and depressive
symptoms on admission to hospital.
Conclusion: The psychological and pharmacological interventions, which reduce anxiety, depression and âanxious
preoccupationâ as well as enhance âfighting spiritâ, should be introduced before BMT to improve the patientsâ mental state
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKAEMIA TREATED WITH HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Background: Acute leukemia and hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) are the great psychological
stressors. The aim of this study was to assess anxiety and depression associated with such conditions and their psychophysical
predictors before and after HCT.
Subjects and methods: We conducted a longitudinal study using self-descriptive tools. The questionnaires: LOT-R, AIS, Mini-
Mac, CECS, RSCL and HADS were filled by 60 patients with acute leukaemia before and after HCT.
Results: Anxiety and depressive symptoms correlated positively with psychological symptom distress. The correlation with
depressive symptoms was weak, however, with anxious symptoms was moderate. In both cases, the higher was a level of
psychological symptom distress, the higher level of anxiety and depression was observed in patients. The results indicated the
weak, positive correlation between onerousness of physical symptoms and a level of anxiety. The greater was the severity of
physical symptoms, the higher was the level of anxiety. The negative predictor of anxious symptoms was control of anxiety but it was
weakly associated with a lower level of the explained variable. The negative predictor of anxious symptoms was also dispositional
optimism whose high level accompanied the lower severity of the explained variable. However, the positive predictor of anxious
symptoms was the variable of onerousness of symptoms whose high level accompanied the higher severity of anxious symptoms in the
examined group
Conclusion: Patients with acute leukemia who are hospitalized for HCT require detailed monitoring of their psychological
distress to introduce the proper psychological and pharmacological interventions that reduce anxiety as well as boost âdispositional
optimismâ and mechanisms of control
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKAEMIA TREATED WITH HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Background: Acute leukemia and hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) are the great psychological
stressors. The aim of this study was to assess anxiety and depression associated with such conditions and their psychophysical
predictors before and after HCT.
Subjects and methods: We conducted a longitudinal study using self-descriptive tools. The questionnaires: LOT-R, AIS, Mini-
Mac, CECS, RSCL and HADS were filled by 60 patients with acute leukaemia before and after HCT.
Results: Anxiety and depressive symptoms correlated positively with psychological symptom distress. The correlation with
depressive symptoms was weak, however, with anxious symptoms was moderate. In both cases, the higher was a level of
psychological symptom distress, the higher level of anxiety and depression was observed in patients. The results indicated the
weak, positive correlation between onerousness of physical symptoms and a level of anxiety. The greater was the severity of
physical symptoms, the higher was the level of anxiety. The negative predictor of anxious symptoms was control of anxiety but it was
weakly associated with a lower level of the explained variable. The negative predictor of anxious symptoms was also dispositional
optimism whose high level accompanied the lower severity of the explained variable. However, the positive predictor of anxious
symptoms was the variable of onerousness of symptoms whose high level accompanied the higher severity of anxious symptoms in the
examined group
Conclusion: Patients with acute leukemia who are hospitalized for HCT require detailed monitoring of their psychological
distress to introduce the proper psychological and pharmacological interventions that reduce anxiety as well as boost âdispositional
optimismâ and mechanisms of control
The Risk of Methylphenidate Pharmacotherapy for Adults with ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. It was once thought to be a disorder affecting only children, but in those undiagnosed in childhood, symptoms do not disappear with age. There is now a growing recognition of the late diagnosis and treatment of adults with ADHD. The first-line drug in pharmacotherapy is methylphenidate, and information about its adverse effects, when used by adults, has not been as extensively described as in children. The aim of this article was to review the literature describing the risks of methylphenidate therapy for adults with ADHD. A total of 19 articlesâ15 clinical trials and 4 case reports presenting rare side effects resulting from methylphenidate therapy, such as reversible ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and psychotic episodes, were analyzed. The analysis from clinical trials included 3458 adult patients with ADHD and described the most common side effects, psychiatric adverse events, effects of methylphenidate treatment on sleep, laboratory results, body mass, and cardiovascular symptoms. Methylphenidate treatment is well tolerated, with side effects described, according to severity, as mild to moderate. We conclude that pharmacotherapy is not risk-free and methylphenidate, due to its side effects, may not be the first drug of choice for every patient
MODERN INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF OPIPRAMOL
Opipramol is considered as a pharmacological agent that does not fit the classification taking into account the division of
antidepressants, antipsychotics and anxiolytics. It has a structure related to tricyclic antidepressants but it has a different mechanism
of action, i.e. binding to sigma1 and to sigma2 sites. It has been regarded as an effective drug in general anxiety disorders together
with other agents like SSRI`s, SNRI`s, buspirone and pregabalin for many years. It can however also be indicated in other
conditions, e.g. it may be used as a premedication in the evening prior to surgery, positive results are also observed in
psychopharmacological treatment with opipramol in somatoform disorders, symptoms of depression can be significantly reduced in
the climacteric syndrome. The latest data from literature present also certain dangers and side effects, which may result due to
opipramol administration. Mania may be induced not only in bipolar patients treated with opipramol, but it can be an adverse drug
reaction in generalized anxiety disorder. This analysis shows however that opipramol is an important drug still very useful in
different clinical conditions
Geophysical Research of Secondary Deformations in the Post Mining Area of the Glaciotectonic Muskau Arch Geopark—Preliminary Results
Underground and opencast mining adversely affects the surrounding environment. This process may continue even decades after the end of actual mineral extraction. One of the most significant effects of ceased mining are secondary deformations. Safe, new development of post-mining areas requires reliable information on potential deformation risk zones, which may be difficult to obtain due to a lack of necessary data. This study aimed to investigate and understand the secondary deformation processes in the underground mining area of the former “Babina” lignite mine, located in the unique glaciotectonic environment of the Muskau Arch, in western Poland. A combination of GIS-based historical mapping, geophysical 2D/3D microgravimetry, and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) measurements allowed the identification of subsidence-prone areas and the determination of potential factors of sinkhole development. The latter are associated with anthropogenic transformation of rock mass and hydrogeological conditions, by shallow underground mining. The results confirmed that multi-level mining of coal deposits in complex and complicated glaciotectonic conditions cause discontinuous deformations, and may be hazardous as long as 50 years after the end of mining operations