Comparison of glycated hempglobin with HPLC and capillary electrophoresis

Background: Hemoglobin A1c, also called A1c or glycated hemoglobin, is hemoglobin with glucose attached. The A1c test evaluates the average amount of glucose in the blood over the last 2 to 3 months. The higher the level of glucose in the blood, the more glycated hemoglobin is formed. Once the glucose binds to the hemoglobin, it remains there for the life of the red blood cell – normally about 120 days. The predominant form of glycated hemoglobin is referred to as A1c. Testing of HbA1c levels via capillary electrophoresis is a relatively new but well-validated method that separates A1c and other Hb fractions via charge difference at high voltage using electro-osmotic flow. This method can be useful in patients who possess such variant hemoglobins because it has a longer runtime, leading to better resolution.Methods: We have processed random samples coming to our laboratory for HbA1C analysis on both the analyzers Biorad D 10 (HPLC method) and Sebia Flex piercing (Capillary Electrophoresis).Results: The value of t is 0.056748 for paired 't' test. The value of p is 0.954819. The result is not significant at p≤0.05. There is no significant difference between the results obtained from both the equipment.Conclusions: From this study, it is concluded that the results obtained after testing samples in Sebia Flex Piercing II and Biorad D10 are comparable and there is no significant difference in the results obtained. The advantage of of using Sebia is detection of underlying hemoglobinopathies is easier and can serve as passive surveillance in population that will provide additional information for multidisciplinary approach of treatment. Whereas Biorad D10 has benefit of shorter testing time and is cost effective

Study of malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker in schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self and behaviour. It has been demonstrated that free radical-mediated damage has an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study was undertaken to study malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker in first episode and chronic schizophrenic patients.Methods: 50 patients of first episode schizophrenia and 50 patients of chronic schizophrenia were included in the study. 50 numbers of age and sex matched healthy and apparently normal controls were also selected for study. Blood samples were drawn and analysed for malondialdehyde (MDA) from all participants.Results: The study shows significant increase in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenic patients as compared to controls. When we compared levels of these parameters in first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenics, we did not find significant difference.Conclusions: Findings in our study is suggesting that increase in the levels of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) occurs due to increased lipid peroxidation in schizophrenics.      

Study of nonenzymatic antioxidants in schizophrenic patients

Background: Schizophrenia is one of the most debilitating psychiatric disorders. There is now substantial evidence of increased free radical–mediated damage in schizophrenia. These mechanisms are critical role in etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. The potential toxicity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is counteracted by a large number of cytoprotective enzymes and nonenzymatic anti-oxidants. Endogenous substances like albumin, bilirubin and uric acid play very important defensive role against reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in our body. The present study was undertaken to study nonenzymatic antioxidants i.e. serum albumin, bilirubin and uric acid in first episode and chronic schizophrenic patients.Methods: 50 patients of first episode schizophrenia and 50 patients of chronic schizophrenia were included in the study. 50 numbers of age and sex matched healthy and apparently normal controls were also selected for study. Blood samples were drawn and analysed for albumin, bilirubin and uric acid from all participants.Results: The study shows significant decrease in serum albumin, bilirubin and uric acid levels in both first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenic patients as compared to controls. When we compared levels of these parameters in first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenics, we did not find significant difference.Conclusions: Findings in our study is suggesting that decrease in the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants occurs in attempting neutralization of ROS in schizophrenics. This study supports the defensive role of nonenzymatic antioxidants against ROS in our body

Study of nonenzymatic antioxidants in schizophrenic patients

Background: Schizophrenia is one of the most debilitating psychiatric disorders. There is now substantial evidence of increased free radical–mediated damage in schizophrenia. These mechanisms are critical role in etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. The potential toxicity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is counteracted by a large number of cytoprotective enzymes and nonenzymatic anti-oxidants. Endogenous substances like albumin, bilirubin and uric acid play very important defensive role against reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in our body. The present study was undertaken to study nonenzymatic antioxidants i.e. serum albumin, bilirubin and uric acid in first episode and chronic schizophrenic patients.Methods: 50 patients of first episode schizophrenia and 50 patients of chronic schizophrenia were included in the study. 50 numbers of age and sex matched healthy and apparently normal controls were also selected for study. Blood samples were drawn and analysed for albumin, bilirubin and uric acid from all participants.Results: The study shows significant decrease in serum albumin, bilirubin and uric acid levels in both first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenic patients as compared to controls. When we compared levels of these parameters in first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenics, we did not find significant difference.Conclusions: Findings in our study is suggesting that decrease in the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants occurs in attempting neutralization of ROS in schizophrenics. This study supports the defensive role of nonenzymatic antioxidants against ROS in our body

Study of malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker in schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self and behaviour. It has been demonstrated that free radical-mediated damage has an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study was undertaken to study malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker in first episode and chronic schizophrenic patients.Methods: 50 patients of first episode schizophrenia and 50 patients of chronic schizophrenia were included in the study. 50 numbers of age and sex matched healthy and apparently normal controls were also selected for study. Blood samples were drawn and analysed for malondialdehyde (MDA) from all participants.Results: The study shows significant increase in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenic patients as compared to controls. When we compared levels of these parameters in first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenics, we did not find significant difference.Conclusions: Findings in our study is suggesting that increase in the levels of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) occurs due to increased lipid peroxidation in schizophrenics.