Local public health engagement & accreditation readiness support

In Ohio, local health departments (LHDs) are required to achieve accreditation via the Public Health Accreditation Board by July 2020. To meet the requirements for accreditation, LHDs are pursuing system performance monitoring, community engagement and unique agency partnerships at a rapidly increasing rate. In a 2016 memorandum, the Ohio Department of Health (ODH) engaged the Center for Public Health Practice (CPHP) within The Ohio State University College of Public Health to support local public health accreditation and public health service delivery across the state. This support was designed to provide Ohio's LHDs with the tools and technical assistance to standardize LHD system performance, develop lasting public health partnerships and implement evidence-based improvements for the provision of public health services. The CPHP was uniquely qualified to provide these support services, with expertise in public health accreditation, community engagement, coalition building and public health systems research. This agreement allowed the CPHP meet to the needs of local public health in Ohio and conduct valuable research on which factors impact accreditation readiness. In the proposed presentation, a panel of LHD leaders will discuss their engagement strategies with fellow community partners, how partnering with the CPHP helped strengthen their local public health workforce and system, and how the design of the accreditation support project promoted collaboration and exploration of shared services among community agencies. Example partnerships that developed and the impact on local health outcomes will be shared. Panelists will describe specific activities through which local public health departments perceived growth in their connections to the community. The CPHP will present methods used to understand the unique needs of local public health and the importance of designing support to meet those needs. Highlighting the collaborative learning process utilized, the CPHP will discuss how this work systematically engaged communities across the state to impact community health via accreditation readiness activities. Discussion will focus on approaches to encourage local agency collaborations as a way to elicit positive change in the health of Ohio residents. The CPHP will describe the national significance of project research to identify components necessary for LHDs to achieve accreditation and improve the public health system overall. The target audience for this presentation are individuals interested in improving community health and wellness by establishing collaborative relationships between higher education and state and local government agencies, as well as the methods utilized to develop lasting relationships between local agencies. This presentation will be led by Meredith Cameron, MSW and Andrew Wapner, DO, MPH. The panel will consist of up to three local public health department employees from multiple regions of Ohio.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Meredith Cameron, Program Director, College of Public Health, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Andrew Wapner, Clinical Assistant Professor, Director, Center for Public Health Practice, College of Public Health.In Ohio, local health departments (LHDs) are required to achieve accreditation via the Public Health Accredi-tation Board by July 2020. To meet the accreditation requirements, LHDs are pursuing community engagement and unique agency partnerships. To assist, the Ohio Department of Health engaged the Center for Public Health Practice (CPHP) within The Ohio State University College of Public Health to support local public health accreditation and public health service delivery. A panel of LHD leaders will discuss their engagement strategies with community partners and how design of the CPHP accreditation support project promoted collaboration and exploration of shared services among community agencies. Example partnerships and their impact on local health outcomes will be shared. The CPHP will highlight the collaborative learning process utilized to systematically engage local public health via accreditation support activities

Vision Care Utilization and Insurance Coverage Prior to and Following Medicaid Expansion in Ohio

Background: Increased access and utilization of vision care services has the potential to reduce preventable vision loss. The state of Ohio has been uniquely proactive when collecting vision-oriented data through population health surveys, including the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data can be used to better understand vision care utilization patterns and access to insurance. Methods: Responses to 3 items administered in the Ohio BRFSS that assess vision care utilization and insurance coverage were compared between 2 different administration periods, 2005-2011 and 2018-2019, using chi-square tests. Comparable data from 2 items assessing eye care utilization were available in 2005-2011 and 2019. Comparable data for insurance coverage were available in 2005-2011 and in 2018-2019. Responses were further stratified by population characteristics, including age, gender, household income, and education level. Results: The percentages of those reporting eye exams in the previous year were not significantly different between 2005-2011 and 2019 (chi-square, p = 0.06). In Ohio, the primary reason for not seeing a vision care provider in the past 12 months was “No reason to go” in 2005-2011 and in 2019. The second most common reason for not seeing a vision care provider in the past 12 months was “Cost/insurance,” which decreased between 2005-2011 and 2019 (chi-square, p <0.001). Insurance coverage for eye care increased between 2005-2011 and 2018-2019 (chi-square, p <0.001). Important differences were found within the demographic stratification. Conclusion: Population health surveillance data provide useful insight into vision care utilization and insurance coverage. Despite the increase in insurance coverage, eye care provider utilization remains relatively stable

Vaginal progesterone prophylaxis for preterm birth (the OPPTIMUM study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial

Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) Programme, a Medical Research Council (MRC) and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) partnership. The EME Programme is funded by the MRC and NIHR, with contributions from the Chief Scientist Office in Scotland and National Institute for Social Care and Research in Wales

The Human Phenotype Ontology project:linking molecular biology and disease through phenotype data

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) project, available at http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org, provides a structured, comprehensive and well-defined set of 10,088 classes (terms) describing human phenotypic abnormalities and 13,326 subclass relations between the HPO classes. In addition we have developed logical definitions for 46% of all HPO classes using terms from ontologies for anatomy, cell types, function, embryology, pathology and other domains. This allows interoperability with several resources, especially those containing phenotype information on model organisms such as mouse and zebrafish. Here we describe the updated HPO database, which provides annotations of 7,278 human hereditary syndromes listed in OMIM, Orphanet and DECIPHER to classes of the HPO. Various meta-attributes such as frequency, references and negations are associated with each annotation. Several large-scale projects worldwide utilize the HPO for describing phenotype information in their datasets. We have therefore generated equivalence mappings to other phenotype vocabularies such as LDDB, Orphanet, MedDRA, UMLS and phenoDB, allowing integration of existing datasets and interoperability with multiple biomedical resources. We have created various ways to access the HPO database content using flat files, a MySQL database, and Web-based tools. All data and documentation on the HPO project can be found online

The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2024: phenotypes around the world.

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is a widely used resource that comprehensively organizes and defines the phenotypic features of human disease, enabling computational inference and supporting genomic and phenotypic analyses through semantic similarity and machine learning algorithms. The HPO has widespread applications in clinical diagnostics and translational research, including genomic diagnostics, gene-disease discovery, and cohort analytics. In recent years, groups around the world have developed translations of the HPO from English to other languages, and the HPO browser has been internationalized, allowing users to view HPO term labels and in many cases synonyms and definitions in ten languages in addition to English. Since our last report, a total of 2239 new HPO terms and 49235 new HPO annotations were developed, many in collaboration with external groups in the fields of psychiatry, arthrogryposis, immunology and cardiology. The Medical Action Ontology (MAxO) is a new effort to model treatments and other measures taken for clinical management. Finally, the HPO consortium is contributing to efforts to integrate the HPO and the GA4GH Phenopacket Schema into electronic health records (EHRs) with the goal of more standardized and computable integration of rare disease data in EHRs

Civil society leadership in the struggle for AIDS treatment in South Africa and Uganda

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.This thesis is an attempt to theorise and operationalise empirically the notion of ‘civil society leadership’ in Sub-Saharan Africa. ‘AIDS leadership,’ which is associated with the intergovernmental institutions charged with coordinating the global response to HIV/AIDS, is both under-theorised and highly context-specific. In this study I therefore opt for an inclusive framework that draws on a range of approaches, including the literature on ‘leadership’, institutions, social movements and the ‘network’ perspective on civil society mobilisation. This framework is employed in rich and detailed empirical descriptions (‘thick description’) of civil society mobilisation around AIDS, including contentious AIDS activism, in the key case studies of South Africa and Uganda. South Africa and Uganda are widely considered key examples of poor and good leadership (from national political leaders) respectively, while the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO) are both seen as highly effective civil society movements. These descriptions emphasise ‘transnational networks of influence’ in which civil society leaders participated (and at times actively constructed) in order to mobilise both symbolic and material resources aimed at exerting influence at the transnational, national and local levels

Social Movements and International Relations: A Relational Framework

Social movements are increasingly recognized as significant features of contemporary world politics, yet to date their treatment in international relations theory has tended to obfuscate the considerable diversity of these social formations, and the variegated interactions they may establish with state actors and different structures of world order. Highlighting the difficulties conventional liberal and critical approaches have in transcending conceptions of movements as moral entities, the article draws from two under-exploited literatures in the study of social movements in international relations, the English School and Social Systems Theory, to specify a wider range of analytical interactions between different categories of social movements and of world political structures. Moreover, by casting social movement phenomena as communications, the article opens international relations to consideration of the increasingly diverse trajectories and second-order effects produced by social movements as they interact with states, intergovernmental institutions, and transnational actors

Laboratory for Community Engaged Scholarship and Practice

The proposed session will constitute the initial meeting of the Laboratory for Community Engaged Practice and Scholarship (LCE or Lab). The session will provide the opportunity to describe an iinterdisciplinary lab for investigating best practices and innovative approaches related to community engagement. A presentation of the proposed purpose and objectives of the lab will open the session, followed by an interactive discussion with the audience to provide input on the lab proposal and identify areas of focus for participants and priority areas of alignment with other initiatives. Community practice represents a framework for considering the operation of the lab. Julian (2006, p. 68) defines community practice in terms of strengthening the capacity of communities to meet the needs of constituents and to help community members realize their dreams. Scholarship related to community engagement focuses on the development of innovations in the process for working with groups of people in a specific geographic location or groups who experience similar situations to address issues that affect their health or well-being (McCloskey et al., 2011). After the initial session, the lab will be convened quarterly at a location on campus. Future meetings will consist of a presentation of an issue, tool, project or process related to community engagement practice and/or scholarship followed by discussion. In addition, lab personnel will plan and implement other training activities that will benefit the campus and local community. A primary purpose of the lab will be to engage interdisciplinary faculty and students in developing fundable proposals to investigate issues related to community engagement practice and/or scholarship.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: David Julian, Director of Community Planning and Evaluation, College of Education and Human Ecology, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Andrew Wapner, Director of the Center for Public Health Practice, College of Public Health.This poster will provide detailed information about the Laboratory for Community Engaged Practice and Scholarship. Learn about the lab, review activities in which lab participants might choose to be involved, and get a schedule of upcoming meetings

Time Needed for Diabetes Self-Care: Nationwide Survey of Certified Diabetes Educators

© 2018 by the American Diabetes Association. Purpose. To approximate the time required for self-care of individuals with diabetes, as estimated by certified diabetes educators (CDEs). Methods. A survey was sent to the CDE member list of the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE). The survey asked the CDEs to estimate the time in minutes/day needed for 1) each component of diabetes self-care and 2) all components of diabetes management as recommended by the American Diabetes Association and AADE. Estimates were for two sample patients: 1) an adult with type 2 diabetes (for at least 1 year) on oral medications who performs self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) twice daily and 2) a school-age child with established type 1 diabetes (for at least 1 year) who takes four insulin injections per day and has SMBG four times daily. Results. A total of 674 CDEs completed and returned the survey. The mean times needed for an adult with type 2 diabetes for routine, daily diabetes self-management and for all recommended components of self-care were estimated to be 66 and 234 minutes, respectively. The mean times needed for a child with type 1 diabetes for routine, daily diabetes self-management and for all recommended components of self-care were estimated to be 78 and 305 minutes, respectively. Conclusion. The total estimated time needed daily for recommended diabetes self-care was ~4 hours for adults and 5 hours for children—far more than is reasonably feasible for most people with diabetes. This information should be considered when helping patients with diabetes achieve self-care goals