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Residue cross sections of Ti-induced fusion reactions based on the two-step model
Ti-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements are
studied systematically with the two-step model developed recently, where fusion
process is divided into approaching phase and formation phase. Furthermore, the
residue cross sections for different neutron evaporation channels are evaluated
with the statistical evaporation model. In general, the calculated cross
sections are much smaller than that of Ca-induced fusion reactions, but
the results are within the detection capability of experimental facilities
nowadays. The maximum calculated residue cross section for producing superheavy
element is in the reaction Ti+Bk in channels with
pb at = 37.0 MeV.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Universal spin-Hall conductance fluctuations in two dimensions
We report a theoretical investigation on spin-Hall conductance fluctuation of
disordered four terminal devices in the presence of Rashba or/and Dresselhaus
spin-orbital interactions in two dimensions. As a function of disorder, the
spin-Hall conductance shows ballistic, diffusive and insulating
transport regimes. For given spin-orbit interactions, a universal spin-Hall
conductance fluctuation (USCF) is found in the diffusive regime. The value of
the USCF depends on the spin-orbit coupling , but is independent of
other system parameters. It is also independent of whether Rashba or
Dresselhaus or both spin-orbital interactions are present. When is
comparable to the hopping energy , the USCF is a universal number . The distribution of crosses over from a Gaussian distribution
in the metallic regime to a non-Gaussian distribution in the insulating regime
as the disorder strength is increased.Comment: to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett., 4 figure
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