Coculture of stem cells from apical papilla and human umbilical vein endothelial cell under hypoxia increases the formation of three-dimensional vessel-like structures in vitro

published_or_final_versio

Study of two thermally integrated pumped thermal electricity storage systems using distinct working fluid groups: Performance comparison

As a competitive new energy storage technology, the thermally integrated pumped thermal electricity storage (TI-PTES) system has received much attention. In this work, two TI-PTES systems are constructed: the RHP-BORC system, which consists of a heat pump cycle (HP) with a regenerator and a basic organic Rankine cycle (BORC), and the RHP-EOFC system, which consists of a HP with a regenerator and an organic flash cycle with ejectors. Meanwhile, R1233zd(E) and Cis-butene are selected to form R1233zd(E)/R1233zd(E) (denoting the working fluid used in the charge and discharge cycles, respectively), R1233zd(E)/Cis-butene, Cis-butene/Cis-butene, and Cis-butene/R1233zd(E) groups. Thermodynamic and economic analyses as well as multi-objective optimization are performed for both systems. The results indicate that for the two systems with different working fluid groups, different parameters have distinct effects on the system performance, and the thermodynamic and economic performance of the RHP-BORC system is better than those of the RHP-EOFC system. For the RHP-BORC system, with the variations of thermal storage temperature, evaporation temperature of heat pump and pinch point temperature difference, the values of different performance metrics of the system with different working fluid groups are close respectively, such as power-to-power efficiency, energy storage density and annual emission reduction. For the RHP-EOFC system under different parameter conditions, when the system uses R1233zd(E)/Cis-butene and Cis-butene/Cis-butene, the performance is better. From the results of the multi-objective optimization, the optimal working fluid group of the RHP-BORC and RHP-EOFC systems are Cis-butene/Cis-butene and R1233zd(E)/Cis-butene, and the values of the power-to-power efficiency and the levelized cost of storage under the optimal solution conditions are 75.76 %, 0.234 $·kWh−1, and 84.31$·kWh−1, respectively. The results of the exergy destruction analysis under the optimal solution conditions show that the largest exergy destruction in the RHP-BORC and RHP-EOFC systems are in the condenser (480 kW) and compressor (1275 kW) of the HP cycle. This work expands the configuration of the TI-PTES system, showing promising development prospects. It also provides theoretical support for the further advancement of the TI-PTES system and offers valuable guidance for the design of such systems

Bioprinted PDLSCs with high-concentrated GelMA hydrogels enhances osteogenic differentiation

Aim or Purpose: Regeneration of sensory nerves is challenging in dental pulp regeneration. Schwann cells (SCs) are essential glial cells conducive to regenerating dental pulp sensory nerve, but their source is scarce. This study aimed to explore whether Schwann-like cells derived from dental pulp stem cells (SC-DPSCs) are conducive to the growth of dental pulp sensory nerve axons. Materials and Methods: In the present study, primary human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were cultured and their multidirectional differentiation ability was detected. hDPSCs were induced into SC-DPSCs using the 3 steps protocol. The expression of MBP, S-100, and P75NTR, and dynamic expression and distribution of BDNF/NT-3 in SC-DPSCs were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and ELISA. Primary trigeminal neurons were cultured and the central neuronal markers NF200, TUBB3 and MAP2 were detected by cellular immunofluorescence. Trigeminal neurons and SC-DPSCs were indirected co-cultured, after that the growth activity of trigeminal neurons was detected by CCK-8. One key factor during the differentiation process of hDPSCs into SC-DPSCs were screened by mRNA sequencing. Results: The results showed that SC-DPSCs significantly expressed characteristic SCs markers and promoted the axon growth of rat trigeminal nerve. High-throughput sequencing found that PTGS2 maybe the key gene participate in the induction process. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings demonstrate the potential of SC-DPSCs in sensory nerve regeneration in dental pulp and dentin complexes. After differentiation into SC-DPSCs, hDPSCs secreted more nerve growth factors BDNF and NT-3, which significantly promoted the growth of trigeminal nerve axons

Efficacy of antibacterial agents combined with erbium laser and photodynamic therapy in reducing titanium biofilm vitality: an in vitro study

Abstract Background and objective The emergence of peri-implant diseases has prompted various methods for decontaminating the implant surface. This study compared the effectiveness of three different approaches, chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) combined with erbium-doped yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and CHX only, for reducing biofilm vitality from implant-like titanium surfaces. Study design/Materials and methods The study involved eight volunteers, each receiving a custom mouth device containing eight titanium discs. The volunteers were requested to wear the device for 72 h for biofilm development. Fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate the remaining biofilm with a two-component nucleic acid dye kit. The vital residual biofilm was quantified as a percentage of the surface area using image analysis software. Sixty-four titanium discs were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups. Results The percentage of titanium disc area covered by vital residual biofilm was 43.9% (7.7%), 32.2% (7.0%), 56.6% (3.6%), and 73.2% (7.8%) in the PDT, Er:YAG, CHX, and control groups, respectively (mean (SD)). Compared to the control group, the treatment groups showed significant differences in the area covered by residual biofilm (P < 0.001). CHX combined with Er:YAG laser treatment was superior to CHX combined with PDT, and CHX only was better than the control. Conclusion Within the current in vitro model's limitations, CHX combined with Er:YAG laser treatment is a valid method to reduce biofilm vitality on titanium discs

Tumor-Derived Membrane Vesicles: A Promising Tool for Personalized Immunotherapy

Tumor-derived membrane vesicles (TDMVs) are non-invasive, chemotactic, easily obtained characteristics and contain various tumor-borne substances, such as nucleic acid and proteins. The unique properties of tumor cells and membranes make them widely used in drug loading, membrane fusion and vaccines. In particular, personalized vectors prepared using the editable properties of cells can help in the design of personalized vaccines. This review focuses on recent research on TDMV technology and its application in personalized immunotherapy. We elucidate the strengths and challenges of TDMVs to promote their application from theory to clinical practice.</jats:p

Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution Coordinated Regulation by Compression Deformation for Metastable Ti Alloy

In this paper, in order to investigate the harmonious relationship between the compression deformation behavior of metastable &beta; titanium alloy and the microstructure evolution, the &beta; solution-treated Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (Ti-1023) alloy was compressed at room temperature and its deformation behavior was analyzed. Optical microscopy (OM) and field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to study the microstructure evolution of alloys at different strain rates. The results show that the stress-induced martensite transformation (SIMT) is more easily activated by low strain rate compression deformation, which is conducive to improving its comprehensive mechanical properties. With the decrease in strain rate, the &alpha;&Prime; martensite content increases significantly, the average grain size decreases substantially, and the Low Angle Grain Boundary (LAGB) volume fraction decreases correspondingly. In addition, after compression at different strain rates, the misorientation angle (MA) of the &beta; matrix is mainly concentrated in the LAGBs. The change is small with the decrease in strain rate, but the &alpha;&Prime; martensite orientation difference angle shows some peaks, which are ~60&deg;, ~85&deg;, and ~95&deg;, respectively. Simultaneously, the strain rate has an important effect on the content and type of martensitic twins. Finally, the fracture morphology analysis shows that with the increase in strain rate, the fracture mode changes from ductile fracture to brittle fracture. The fracture surface presents a significantly elongated cavity along the direction of maximum shear stress

Efficacy of antibacterial agents combined with erbium laser and photodynamic therapy in reducing titanium biofilm vitality: an in vitro study

Abstract Background and objective The emergence of peri-implant diseases has prompted various methods for decontaminating the implant surface. This study compared the effectiveness of three different approaches, chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) combined with erbium-doped yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and CHX only, for reducing biofilm vitality from implant-like titanium surfaces. Study design/Materials and methods The study involved eight volunteers, each receiving a custom mouth device containing eight titanium discs. The volunteers were requested to wear the device for 72 h for biofilm development. Fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate the remaining biofilm with a two-component nucleic acid dye kit. The vital residual biofilm was quantified as a percentage of the surface area using image analysis software. Sixty-four titanium discs were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups. Results The percentage of titanium disc area covered by vital residual biofilm was 43.9% (7.7%), 32.2% (7.0%), 56.6% (3.6%), and 73.2% (7.8%) in the PDT, Er:YAG, CHX, and control groups, respectively (mean (SD)). Compared to the control group, the treatment groups showed significant differences in the area covered by residual biofilm (P &lt; 0.001). CHX combined with Er:YAG laser treatment was superior to CHX combined with PDT, and CHX only was better than the control. Conclusion Within the current in vitro model's limitations, CHX combined with Er:YAG laser treatment is a valid method to reduce biofilm vitality on titanium discs. </jats:sec