Internet of Things Applications for Cold Chain Vaccine Tracking:A Systematic Literature Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an immense effort by laboratories, governments, and non-governmental organizations to develop vaccines in record time. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one of the major challenges for global immunization is to keep the temperature conditions of these supplies in remote areas, especially in underdeveloped countries. Monitoring the cold chain, the supply chain specializing in refrigerated goods, such as food and health items, becomes critical to their preservation. Technologies inherent to the Internet of Things, like RFID and temperature sensors, are commonly used to identify and detect physical changes in the environment in which they are embedded. This survey presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) conducted to identify the most relevant studies on this topic from digital libraries. Through this SLR, 23 primary studies were selected from which important data were extracted and analyzed. The presented results in this study should explain which and how the key technologies are used to control the delivery of vaccines in the cold chain, focusing on remote regions

Ontology-Driven IoT System for Monitoring Hypertension

Hypertension is a noncommunicable disease (NCD) that causes global concern, high costs and a high number of deaths. Internet of Things, Ubiquitous Computing, and Cloud Computing enable the development of systems for remote and real-time monitoring of patients affected with NCDs like hypertension. This paper reports on a system for monitoring hypertension patients that was built by employing these techniques. This system allows the vital signs of a patient (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature) to be captured via sensors built in a wearable device similar to a wristwatch. These signals are transmitted to the patient's mobile device for processing, and the generated clinical data are sent to the cloud to be properly presented and analysed by the health professionals responsible for the patient. To deal with semantic interoperability issues that arise when multiple different devices and system components must interoperate, a semantic model was conceived for this system in terms of ontologies for diseases and devices. This paper also presents the semantic module that we developed and implemented in the cloud to perform reasoning based on this model, demonstrating the potential benefits of incorporating semantic technologies in our system.</p

Towards a reusable architecture for message exchange in pervasive healthcare

The main objective of this paper is to present a reusable architecture for message exchange in pervasive healthcare environments meant to be generally applicable to different applications in the healthcare domain. This architecture has been designed by integrating different concepts and technologies of ubiquitous computing, software agents, and openEHR archetypes, in order to provide interoperability between healthcare systems. The architecture was demonstrated and evaluated in controlled experiments that we conducted at three cardiology clinics, an analysis laboratory, and the cardiology sector of a hospital located in Marília (São Paulo, Brazil). Three applications were developed to evaluate this architecture, and the results showed that the architecture is suitable to facilitate the development of healthcare systems by offering generic and powerful message exchange capabilities. The reusable architecture speeds up the development of new applications, reducing the number of mistakes and the development time. The proposed architecture facilitates message exchanging between caregivers, contributing in this way to the development of pervasive healthcare systems that allow healthcare to be available anywhere, anytime, and to anyone

REGISTROS SOBRE AS TECNOLOGIAS QUE COMPÕEM OS SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL

O propósito com este artigo foi o de registrar a complexidade da base tecnológica da agricultura familiar e sua evolução, com o uso da inovação, de modo a mostrar a complexidade dos sistemas produtivos familiares no Nordeste do Brasil, aos interessados que buscam o desenvolvimento e melhoria de vida das famílias envolvidas com esses sistemas. Neste sentido, foram registrados relatos de experiências tecnológicas vivenciadas por agricultores familiares na região Nordeste, com uma compreensão clara sobre a necessidade da mudança de suas bases tecnológicas, sabendo das dificuldades presentes a serem superadas e das soluções de inovação em curso na região

An architecture for message exchange in pervasive healthcare based on the use of intelligent agents

Aims: This paper proposes an architecture for the exchange of context-aware messages in Pervasive Healthcare environments.\ud \ud Materials and methods: In Pervasive Healthcare, novel information and communication technologies are applied to support the provision of health services anywhere, at anytime, and to anyone. Ubiquitous Computing technologies allow efficient and safe information exchange amongst caregivers and their patients in communities, homes and hospitals. Since health systems may offer their health records in various electronic formats, the openEHR foundation has proposed a dual model to achieve semantic interoperability between such systems. Intelligent Agents is a technology that has been applied to simulate human skills in healthcare procedures. This architecture is based on technologies from Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligent Agents, and complies with the openEHR dual model.\ud \ud Results: This architecture was demonstrated and evaluated in a controlled experiment that we conducted in the cardiology department of a hospital located in the city of Marília (São Paulo, Brazil).\ud \ud Conclusion: An application was developed to evaluate this architecture, and the results showed that the architecture is suitable for facilitating the development of healthcare systems by offering generic resources and powerful solution to integrate these systems

Using the dual-level modeling approach to develop applications for pervasive healthcare

Health information technology is the area of IT involving the design, development, creation, use and maintenance of information systems for the healthcare industry. Automated and interoperable healthcare information systems are expected to lower costs, improve efficiency and reduce error, while also providing better consumer care and service. Pervasive Healthcare focuses on the use of new technologies, tools, and services, to help patients play a more active role in the treatment of their conditions. Pervasive Healthcare environments demand a huge amount of information exchange, and specific technologies have been proposed to provide interoperability between the systems that comprise such environments. However, the complexity of these technologies makes it difficult to fully adopt them and to migrate Centered Healthcare Environments to Pervasive Healthcare Environments. Therefore, this paper proposes an approach to develop applications in the Pervasive Healthcare environment, through the use of dual-level modeling based on Archetypes. This approach was demonstrated and evaluated in a controlled experiment that we conducted in the cardiology department of a hospital located in the city of Marilia (São Paulo, Brazil). An application was developed to evaluate this approach, and the results showed that the approach is suitable for facilitating the development of healthcare systems by offering generic and powerful capabilities