Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Wheat Production in Horo District of Horoguduru Wollega Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia

The aim of the study was to measure the levels of technical efficiency of wheat producers and identify factors affecting them in Horo district of Horoguduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study was based on cross-sectional data collected in 2016/17 production season from 124 randomly selected farm households. Stochastic production frontier model was used to estimate technical efficiency levels and used to identify factors affecting efficiency levels. Accordingly, the mean technical efficiency of sample household’s was 63.9%.The results indicated that there was substantial amount of in efficiency in wheat production in the study area. Land, seed, DAP and chemical were the variables that positively affected the production of wheat. Results of the factor model revealed that family size, experience in wheat production and extension contact positively and significantly affected technical efficiency. Total cultivated land had a significant negative effect on technical efficiency. Results indicate that there is a room to increase the efficiency in wheat production of the study area. Therefore, government authorities and other concerned bodies should take into consideration the above mentioned socio economic and institutional factors to improve the productivity of wheat in the study area. Keywords: Horo district, technical efficiency, wheat, stochastic DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/9-13-03 Publication date:July 31st 201

Factors Affecting Productivity of Wheat Production in Horo District of Oromia Region, Ethiopia

The study was aimed to productivity of wheat production and identify factors affecting them in Horo district of Horoguduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study was based on cross-sectional data collected in 2016/17 production season from 124 randomly selected farm households. Stochastic production frontier model was used to estimate technical efficiency levels and used to identify factors affecting efficiency levels. Accordingly, the mean technical efficiency of sample household’s was 63.9%.The results indicated that there was substantial amount of in efficiency in wheat production in the study area. Land, seed, DAP and chemical were the variables that positively affected the production of wheat. Results of the factor model revealed that family size, experience in wheat production and extension contact positively and significantly affected technical efficiency. Total cultivated land had a significant negative effect on technical efficiency. Results indicate that there is a room to increase the efficiency in wheat production of the study area. Therefore, government authorities and other concerned bodies should take into consideration the above mentioned socio economic and institutional factors to improve the productivity of wheat in the study area. Keywords: Horo district, technical efficiency, wheat, stochastic DOI: 10.7176/DCS/10-2-05 Publication date: February 29th 202

Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L) Production in Babogambel District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

The aim of the study was to measure the levels of technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of sesame producers and identify factors affecting them in Babogambel district of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study was based on cross-sectional data collected in 2016 production season from 124 randomly selected farm households.  Stochastic production frontier model was used to estimate technical, allocative and economic efficiency levels, whereas Tobit model was used to identify factors affecting efficiency levels. Accordingly, the mean technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of sample households were 75.16%, 72.95% and 53.95%, respectively. The results indicated that there was substantial amount of inefficiency in sesame production in the study area. Land, labor and oxen were the variables that positively affected the production of sesame. Results of the Tobit model revealed that family size, experience in sesame production and non-farm income, Total cultivated land had effect on technical efficiency. On the other hand, experience in sesame production, family size, extension contact affected soil fertility and education level affected allocative efficiency significantly. Education level, experience in sesame production, soil fertility, extension contact affected economic efficiency significantly. Results indicate that there is a room to increase the efficiency in sesame production of the study area. Keywords: Allocative efficiency, Babogambel, economic efficiency, Tobit, stochastic

Factors Affecting Productivity of Wheat Production in Horo District of Oromia Region, Ethiopia

The study was aimed to productivity of wheat production and identify factors affecting them in Horo district of Horoguduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study was based on cross-sectional data collected in 2016/17 production season from 124 randomly selected farm households. Stochastic production frontier model was used to estimate technical efficiency levels and used to identify factors affecting efficiency levels. Accordingly, the mean technical efficiency of sample household’s was 63.9%.The results indicated that there was substantial amount of in efficiency in wheat production in the study area. Land, seed, DAP and chemical were the variables that positively affected the production of wheat. Results of the factor model revealed that family size, experience in wheat production and extension contact positively and significantly affected technical efficiency. Total cultivated land had a significant negative effect on technical efficiency. Results indicate that there is a room to increase the efficiency in wheat production of the study area. Therefore, government authorities and other concerned bodies should take into consideration the above mentioned socio economic and institutional factors to improve the productivity of wheat in the study area. Keywords: Horo district, technical efficiency, wheat, stochastic DOI: 10.7176/DCS/10-2-05 Publication date: February 29th 202

The embarking of COVID-19 and the perishable products' value chain in Ethiopia

The aim of this paper is analyzing the impact of COVID-19 on the perishable products' value chain in Ethiopia. As a methodology, both data sources and types: primary and secondary, qualitative and quantitative, were used to achieve the objective of the study under consideration. The primary data sources used in this work is mainly phone survey, expert opinions and judgments based on real situation observation, and that of secondary data were collected through review of materials published on lessons learned from previous pandemics by different reputable sources. Therefore, this work is based on systematically reviewing and retrieving secondary sources through Google search, library plus harvesting and word type searching. The findings of the study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic cut the full functioning of the value and supply chain of perishable products due to social distance restrictions imposed by the government, fear of the disease, cutoff transportation and even lock-down of market centers. This led to price changes, gross domestic product loss, the start-up of agro-industrial parks was delayed, reduced export and more women become out of work due to their high participation in perishable products' value chain. To mention, Ethiopia has lost about $25 million-almost 10$10 million within the horticultural sector and around 50,000 workers lose their jobs-mostly female labourers. Based on the results, the authors forwarded the collective engagement of the concerned bodies to reduce the negative impacts of COVID-19 on perishable products by using the possible mechanism