Local participation and social capital in women's development projects : influence of external versus internal financing on NGOs in Turkey

Ankara : The Department of International Relations of Bilkent University, 2008.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2008.Includes bibliographical references leaves 154-164.Sustainable development has been a great challenge for a number of experts. The social dimension of development studies has gained significance in recent decades. Civil society and social capital are, therefore, increasingly more examined as these concepts are widely discussed; and there are not many empirical country specific studies of them. Accordingly, this thesis focuses on local participation and social capital in women’s development projects in Turkey. The research question in this study is: how does internal versus external financing influence local participation in women’s development projects of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Turkey? In order to examine the role of financing in local participation in women’s development projects, the theoretical arguments focusing on development, civil society, women’s development and social capital are assessed to demonstrate the importance of local participation for sustainable development and women’s development projects for empowerment of women. Furthermore, an overview of Turkey’s history from the angle of civil society and women’s movement is presented to provide a background for the evolution of women’s NGOs and their work in Turkey. A sample of donor organizations and externally and internally funded women’s development projects is selected as cases. The assumption of this study is that local participation can facilitate social capital. Women should be perceived as able and active participants in all phases of the NGOs’ projects, including implementation and monitoring. Thus, NGOs and local donors are expected to use more participatory approaches because of the grounded knowledge potentially stemming from ‘internal’ resources that are embedded in these organizations. However, the research findings demonstrated that this argument cannot be sufficiently supported. Despite the participatory requirement in the iv applications, managers/administration of both externally and internally funded projects perceive no such requirement. Neither the externally nor the internally financed projects were undertaken with considerable local participation. Overall, the findings have shown that the participatory approach is often part of the rhetoric of the donors and the NGOs; however, it rarely appears in practice. Since local participation is not facilitated to a full extent in the sample projects, social capital is not used to allow empowerment of women as active owners of their choice of development programs. Therefore, bonding and bridging social capital among women in Turkey requires further research. Consequently, it is puzzling that development practitioners in Turkey dealing with women/gender in development would not fully utilize this invaluable resource.Walterova, IvaM.S

Turkey's geopolitical role: The energy angle

[No abstract available

The two parameterisations of the Andrade rheological model in planetary science: a comparative study

We discuss two parameterisations of the popular Andrade rheological model that appear in planetological literature and illustrate how different assumptions affect the estimates of tidal dissipation and Love numbers

Planetary core radii: from Plato towards PLATO

The boundary between rocky mantle and iron core constitutes the most significant discontinuity within the terrestrial planets, the core itself is one of the largest, if not the largest, structural features of these planets with consequences for the entire geodynamical evolution of the planet: It contains a significant amount of the planets iron inventory, and planetary magnetic fields are generated within the core. We take the occasion of the first seismic determination of the core size of Mars to look back into the development of theories about planetary interiors and cores, starting with early mythological narrations. The renaissance produced the first geologically and physically motivated inferences about the Earth's core, which were extended to the Moon, Mars and other planets in the 19th century. Theories based on telescopic observations soon found their limits, and spacecraft missions to the Moon and to Mars provided the necessary precision of radius, mass, and moment of inertia determinations, and finally seismic data, to determine the core radius precisely. Meanwhile, interest extended to beyond the solar system, and we discuss the observational foundations on which models for the core size of exoplanets are based

Secondary school, curriculum in the framwork of the current educational reform : problems, trends, priorities in Czechoslovakia /

Bibliogr.: p. 20-2

Coupled thermal and orbital evolution of tidally-loaded exoplanets

The long-term dynamics of close-in terrestrial exoplanets are strongly influenced by tidal interaction with the host star. Periodic tidal loading results in time-varying deformation, which is typically accompanied by energy dissipation. This phenomenon has two important consequences: First, the produced heat might enhance the interior dynamics of the planet and even trigger structural changes in its interior, such as partial melting. Second, the lost (or transferred) energy fuels orbital evolution, i.e., it leads to secular changes in the semi-major axis and eccentricity. Along with the orbital evolution, the spin rate of the planet evolves as well, such that the total angular momentum in the system is conserved. Here, we focus on coupling the effects introduced above. Combining semi-analytical modeling of the long-term spin-orbital evolution of anelastic multilayered planets with parameterised 1d approach to mantle convection, we illustrate the feedback between the thermal state of a planet, its spin rate, and the rate of orbit circularisation. In addition to the primary topic of this work, we explore the parameter dependence of stable spin states (spin-orbit resonances) for layered bodies, the parameter dependence of tidal heat rate, and the possible contribution of inter-planetary tides to the spin rate evolution in tightly-packed multi-planetary systems

Tables of Planetary Core Radii and Underlying Parameters (1.0.275) [Data set]

This document provides supplementary information concerning the history of planetary core radius research: ➢ Extended discussions of some more periphereal historical aspects ➢ Numerical values20 ➢ An overview of the current uncertainty of Newton's gravitational constant, G ➢ Mathematical relations used to convert some of the published values into the quantities tabulated in this document ➢ References for all numerical value