"The Best of Times and the Worst of Times"

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67305/2/10.1177_00220345870660070201.pd

The 50th Anniversary of Water Fluoridation in Grand Rapids, Michigan

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66261/1/j.1752-7325.1996.tb02443.x.pd

Antimicrobials in Dentistry: With Knowledge Comes Responsibility

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67020/2/10.1177_00220345960750070101.pd

Inhibition of Acid Production from Oral Bacteria by Fluorapatite-derived Fluoride

The inhibitory effect of fluorapatite (FAP)-derived fluoride upon resting cell suspensions of Streptococcus mutans incubated at pH 4.5 and 6.5 was studied using lactic acid production from 0.1% sucrose as an indicator of fermentation activity. Cells incubated with FAP produced significantly less lactic acid than did cells incubated with hydroxyapatite (HAP). Addition of HAP to cell suspensions containing FAP reduced this inhibition, suggesting that dissolution of the FAP was necessary for inhibition. Incubation with low concentrations of NaF showed significant inhibition in cell suspensions incubated with as little as 0.45 μg/mL F at pH 5.0. These results provide further support to the hypothesis that fluoride levels in plaque and enamel, achievable through use of fluoridated water and/or fluoride dentifrices, may produce appreciable inhibition of glycolysis at the acidic pH levels which are readily achieved in plaque. Thus, bacterial acid production may activate plaque and enamel-bound fluoride, resulting in inhibition of further acid production, and thereby contribute substantially to the other cariostatic mechanisms of fluoride.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66960/2/10.1177_00220345860650010401.pd

Efficiency of split-mouth designs

The purpose of this paper is (1) to investigate the similarity of the amount, distribution, and, severity of periodontal disease of the within-patient experimental units, (2) to estimate the relative efficiencies of split-mouth designs when compared to whole-mouth designs, and (3) to discuss how stratification on initial pocket depth can result in large differences in the power of the test-statistics in the different disease categories. Periodontal disease characteristics are not always homogeneously distributed over the within-patient experimental units and this heterogeneity can reduce the efficiency of split-mouth designs. In particular, if analyses are stratified on initial pocket depth, sites with an initial probing depth deeper than 6 mm may be small in number and asymmetrically distributed when compared to sites with an initial probing depth less than 6 mm. This may result in large differences of the power of the test statistics among the different disease categories and should lead to a careful interpretation of the statistical significance tests. When disease characteristics are symmetrically distributed over the within-patient experimental units and a sufficient number of sites is present per experimental unit, the split-mouth design can provide moderate to large gains in relative efficiency. In the absence of a symmetric disease distribution, whole-mouth clinical trials may be preferable.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71402/1/j.1365-2710.1992.tb01204.x.pd

Basic Biological Sciences

Sucrose and glucose catabolism by seven strains of Streptococcus mutans belonging to six serotypes was assayed at pH's 6.5, 5.0, 4.5, and 4.0 with a radioisotopic tracer assay. The strains differed in their patterns of metabolic stimulation and inhibition at the different pH levels, falling into groups corresponding to the genetic groups described by Coykendall. The genogroup I (serotypes c and e) strains were the most acid-tolerant, having a pH optimum for lactic acid production at pH 5.0. These data furnish additional metabolic confirmation of the distinctiveness of these S. mutans subgroups.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67098/2/10.1177_00220345830620050101.pd

The subgingival microbial flora during pregnancy

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66023/1/j.1600-0765.1980.tb00265.x.pd

Relationship Between Periodontal Screening and Recording Index Scores and Need for Periodontal Access Surgery

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141032/1/jper1042.pd

The prevalence of BANA‐hydrolyzing periodontopathic bacteria in smokers

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99012/1/j.1600-051X.1999.tb02526.x.pd

Intraoral Transmission of Streptococcus mutans by a Dental Explorer

A streptomycin-resistant strain of S. mutans was introduced into the mouth as adherent growth on an artificial fissure (AF). A second AF, which was initially sterile, was placed in a crown on the opposite side of the dentition. The labeled strain was not found in 8 initially-sterile AFs which were left in vivo for 2 to 6 days and were not examined with a dental explorer. The labeled strain was detected in 7 of 9 initially-sterile AFs which were probed with the dental explorer.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67969/2/10.1177_00220345790580080201.pd