Effect of Antioxidant supplementation on Some Hematological Parameters and Thermoregulatory Responses of Aberdeen Angus Cows During Hot Season in Arid Subtropical Regions

This work aims to investigate the impact of some antioxidants, i.e., zinc sulfate (ZnS) administration, vitamin E and selenium (E-Sel) injection on hematological parameters and thermoregulatory responses of Aberdeen Angus cows. Sixteen cows were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (4 cows each), First group served as a control (G1); second group was received E-Sel injection at rate of 15 ml/ head / 15day) (G2); third group was fed on ZnS with an average rate of 200 mg/head/ daily (G3) and the fourth one was fed on ZnS in combination with E-Sel injection (G4). All experimental cows were fed 60% of their requirements as CFM and the rest of other requirements was covered from wheat strew ad libitum. In addition, the AT and RH% were recorded during the experimental days to calculate the current THI. Blood samples were collected during experimental period from jugular vein. Physiological parameter measurements were recorded during the experimental days. The obtained results showed that the average values of THI were between 69.04 and 85.46 during the experimental period. Treated cows with E-Sel recorded the highest values of hematological parameters in terms of WBC, RBC, HB, HCT and PLT compared with other groups. Using antioxidant agents had significant decrease in RR, PR, and HT. While, slightly decrease in RT, ST and ET was recorded of experimental animal. It is concluded that some antioxidants could improve hematological parameters and thermoregulatory responses of Aberdeen Angus cows under hot climatic conditions

The Impact of the Implementation of Culture-based Antibiotic Policy on the Incidence of Nosocomial Infections in Neonates Hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a General Egyptian Hospital in Upper Egypt, 2016-2018

Nosocomial infections mainly are due to inefficient cleaning in association with the uncontrollable prescription of antimicrobials resulting in the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens in the hospital environment. Objectives:The study aims to evaluate the impact of the implementation of culture-guided antibiotic policy with strict infection control strategies on the occurrence of nosocomial infections and the resistance pattern ofthe isolated clinical and environmental pathogens. The study was done in 2 periods. Firstly, (August 2016 – April 2017), routine disinfection procedures and the applied antibiotic policy were evaluated. Secondly, according to the results a new antibiotic policy depending on the culture sensitivity results were implemented starting from June 2017 to February 2018 in association with strict infection control practices. As a result of this intervention, A change in the type of the isolated microorganisms was observed.Antibiotic resistance was decreased. Mortality rate was reduced from 14.1% to 9.5% of neonates with nosocomial infections, the number of the prescribed antibiotics didn’t exceed 4 antibiotics decreasing the overall cost for neonates’ therapy during their hospital stay. Each hospital should have its own antibiotic policy with the application of strict infection control strategies for the control of nosocomial infection

Preservability of rabbit semen after chilled storage in tris based extender enriched with different concentrations of Propolis ethanolic extract (PEE)

Objective: To maintain semen quality of male rabbits during chilled storage by enrichment the tris based diluent with different concentrations of propolis ethanolic extracts.Methods: Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, as well as antioxidant activity was determined in propolis ethanolic extract (PEE). The extract was analysed by HPLC for separation and identification of target metabolites. Semen was collected from 10 rabbit bucks, pooled, then divided into five aliquots (each of 500 μL) and diluted each in 5 mL Tris-citric acid-glucose-egg yolk extender (TCGY). The 1st aliquot served as control while PEE was added at concentration of 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 mg/5 mL tris extender in the aliquot 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Diluted semen samples were subjected to cooling at 4 °C for 72 h. Sperm motility, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, sperm membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were evaluated in chilled semen allover the chilling period.Results: The resluts revealed presence of a considerable amount of total phenolic compounds (98.67 mg GAE/g extract) and total flavonoids (70.16 mg CE/g extract) which were parallel to an antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS, DPPH and FRAP (198.65, 180.18 and 306.17 mM TE/g extract respectively). The dominant phenolic acid was chlorogenic acids (3.959 mg/g extract). Other compounds were found in less amounts rosmarinic acid (3.959 mg/g extract), myrcetin (1.946 mg/g extract), kaempferol (1.089 mg/g extract) and apeginin-7-glucoside (1.113 mg/g extract). Obtained results clearly demonstrated that the addition of 1.21.6 mg PEE in the chilled extended rabbit semen proved to be beneficial for maintaining semen characteristics compared to control and the addition of 0.8 and 2 mg PEE.Conclusions: The enrichment of rabbit semen tris-basic extender with 1.2-1.6 mg PEE/5 mL tris-extender (as the best and safe concentrations) maintain the sperm characteristics in good condition all over 72 h of chilling