Catalytic activity of graphene-covered non-noble metals governed by proton penetration in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction

Hu, K., Ohto, T., Nagata, Y. et al. Catalytic activity of graphene-covered non-noble metals governed by proton penetration in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction. Nat Commun 12, 203 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20503-

Post-operative pharyngocutaneous fistula after laryngectomy

金沢大学附属病院耳鼻咽喉科Objectives: Although organ-preserving radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy has offered good locoregional control, many patients still experience recurrent disease requiring salvage laryngectomy. The pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a common and troublesome complication in the early post-operative period after laryngectomy. Here, we evaluated the cause of PCF after laryngectomy, with special emphasis on radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Patients and methods: A total of 63 consecutive patients undergoing salvage total laryngectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx at Kanazawa University Hospital from 1990 to 2005 were reviewed. Forty of the 63 had received primary total laryngectomy (PL). Ten patients underwent radiotherapy alone (SL-RT) and 13 patients underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (SL-CRT) followed by salvage laryngectomy. Results: Overall, 17 of the 63 patients (27.0%) developed PCF after laryngectomy. Fisher\u27s exact test showed a significant increase of PCF formation in SL-CRT (7/13, 53.8%) compared with PL (7/40, 17.5%) (p = 0.0252). There were non-significant increases of PCF formation both in SL-CRT (7/13, 53.8%) compared with SL-RT (3/10, 30.0%) (p = 0.4015), and also in SL-RT (3/10, 30.0%) compared with PL (7/40, 17.5%) (p = 0.3969). The Mann-Whitney U-test showed that the duration of PCF was significantly longer for SL-CRT PCF (121.2 ± 95.0 days) compared with those for PL (39.0 ± 55.3 days) (p = 0.0298) or SL-RT (28.0 ± 16.2 days) (p = 0.0325). However, we did not find a significant difference in the duration of PCF with respect to PL (39.0 ± 55.3 days) and SL-RT (28.0 ± 16.2 days) (p = 0.4367). Conclusions: Although radiotherapy or chemotherapy has only a limited impact on PCF formation, concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly increases PCF formation. The addition of chemotherapy to irradiation delays PCF closure. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

A case report: Epstein-Barr virus-associated undifferentiated carcinoma of the tongue base

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科脳病態医学Outside the nasopharynx, undifferentiated carcinomas occur only rarely at other head and neck locations. Although the association between undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is consistent, there is conflicting evidence as to the association of EBV with undifferentiated carcinomas outside the nasopharynx. Here, we report on a case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the tongue base. A 71-year-old male, who had been treated with irradiation for primary unknown right neck metastatic EBV-positive undifferentiated carcinoma 9 years previously, was referred to our clinic with masses at the tongue base and right neck. The lesion at the tongue base was revealed to be an EBV-positive undifferentiated carcinoma. He was treated with resection of tongue base tumor and bilateral-neck dissection, and the defect at the tongue base was reconstructed with a free rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. Re-irradiation was added post-operatively because of a positive surgical margin at the tongue base. The patient is presently alive without recurrence or distant metastasis 20 months after treatment. Although it is unclear whether our case is recurrent or newly developed EBV-latently infected undifferentiated carcinoma, we propose that EBV-associated tumors should be carefully observed after treatment at least for more than 10 years. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Induction of receptor for advanced glycation end products by EBV latent membrane protein 1 and its correlation with angiogenesis and cervical lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系PURPOSE: The EBV oncoprotein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), contributes to the metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by inducing factors to promote tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is associated with abnormal angiogenesis in diabetic microangiopathies. Moreover, some papers have suggested the association of RAGE overexpression with tumor metastasis; thus, the associations of RAGE with LMP1 and angiogenesis in NPC were examined. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Forty-two patients with NPC were evaluated for expressions of LMP1, RAGE, and S100 proteins and for microvessel counts by immunohistochemistry. Then, the RAGE induction by LMP1 was examined with Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: The microvessel counts were significantly higher in patients with high LMP1 expression or high RAGE expression compared with cases with low expressions (P=0.0049 and P<0.0001), respectively. Patients with advanced N classification were also significantly increased in these groups (P=0.0484 and P=0.0005). The expressions of LMP1 and RAGE proteins were clearly correlated in NPC tissues (P=0.0093). Transient transfection with LMP1 expression plasmid induced RAGE protein in Ad-AH cells. The expression of LMP1 transactivated the RAGE promoter as shown by luciferase reporter assay. Mutation of the reporter at nuclear factor-kappaB binding site (-671 to -663) abolished transactivation of the RAGE promoter by LMP1. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that LMP1-induced RAGE enhances lymph node metastasis through the induction of angiogenesis in NPC. Nuclear factor-kappaB binding site (-671 to -663) is essential for transactivation of the RAGE promoter by LMP1.全文公開20090

A solitary fibrous tumor arising in the parapharyngeal space, with MRI and FDG-PET findings

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系We present the imaging and pathological features of a 38-year-old man in whom a large parapharyngeal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) on the left side was found. On MRI, the tumor showed a nodule-in-nodule appearance. The inner nodule revealed high signal intensities both on T1- and T2-weighted MR images. The entire tumor showed heterogeneous enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) identified heterogeneous radiotracer uptake of FDG in the inner nodule of the tumor. Histologic examinations revealed an admixture of growth patterns, including a "patternless pattern" and "haemangiopericytoma-like pattern". The tumor was positive for CD34. Imaging features of SFT arising in the parapharyngeal space are discussed with a review of literatures. This is the first report of FDG-PET finding of SFT arising in the head and neck. More cases are needed to achieve diagnostic significance from FDG-PET findings of parapharyngeal SFTs. © 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Treatment of locally recurrent Epstein-Barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma using the anti-viral agent cidofovir

金沢大学附属病院耳鼻咽喉科Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated malignant tumor. Recently, cidofovir, an anti-viral drug which is an acyclic nucleoside analogue, has been reported to have an anti-tumor potential. Two patients with NPC, who had previously received multi-round therapy, were treated with cidofovir. Cidofovir was topically injected in and around the tumor once every 3 weeks (originally 75 mg/ml sulution, diluted to 15 mg/ml just before injection, 37.5 mg of cidofoviratatime).Tumorgrowth was suppressed for several months around the injection site in each patient. EBV-encoded RNAs in situ hybridization revealed the reduction of the tumor cell population; however, the EBER expression was still maintained in the NPC tumor cells. Although the anti-tumor mechanism remains unclear, these results suggest that cidofovir is actually an effective and safe agent for the treatment of NPC. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc