Magnetocardiography with a modular spin-exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometer array

We present a portable four-channel atomic magnetometer array operating in the spin exchange relaxation-free regime. The magnetometer array has several design features intended to maximize its suitability for biomagnetic measurement, specifically foetal magnetocardiography, such as a compact modular design, and fibre coupled lasers. The modular design allows the independent positioning and orientation of each magnetometer, in principle allowing for non-planar array geometries. Using this array in a magnetically shielded room, we acquire adult magnetocadiograms. These measurements were taken with a 6-11 fT Hz^(-1/2) single-channel baseline sensitivity that is consistent with the independently measured noise level of the magnetically shielded room.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

A plurikulturális kompetencia megszerzése a tanórákon

A modern társadalomban kénytelenek vagyunk a túlélés érdekében megtanulni együttműködni olyan emberekkel is, akik más kultúrát képviselnek. Ez nem ugyanaz, mint másokat megérteni vagy megszeretni. Ezt egyfajta bölcsességnek nevezhetjük, amivel saját, illetve közös céljaink teljesítése érdekében másokkal alkut kötünk. Így szükség esetén mások tudását is felszínre tudjuk hozni. A tanárnak nevelési feladata ezért a tanórákon is arra törekedni, hogy a tanulók megismerjék az emberi kapcsolatok fontosságát és hatékonyságát a tanulásban, és megtapasztalják, hogy érdemes minél több emberrel együttműködni

Treatment outcome measures for randomized controlled trials of antibiotic treatment for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections in the emergency department setting

Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs), which include cellulitis, abscesses, and wound infections, are among the most commonly encountered conditions in emergency departments (EDs) internationally. Primarily, as a result of the recent epidemic of community-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in North America, ED attendances and hospital admissions secondary to ABSSSIs have increased significantly. First-line antibiotic drug therapies for ABSSSIs have therefore changed to take account of CA-MRSA and the threat of evolving antibiotic resistance. Prior to 2010, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antibiotic therapy for ABSSSI used broad trial inclusion criteria and utilized investigator-determined clinical resolution, 7 to 14 days after the end of therapy, as the primary outcome measure. In order to produce more objective, reproducible, and quantifiable primary outcome measures, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and a multidisciplinary consortium convened by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) issued significantly changed trial guidance criteria. The currently recommended primary outcome measure is an assessment of greater than 20% reduction in the area of erythema, edema, or induration from baseline, measured at 48 to 72 h after randomization and initiation of drug treatment. In contrast, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) still recommends measurement of clinical resolution at a later time period. We discuss the evolution of changes to trial guidance criteria issued by the FDA since 1998 and the potential difficulties of implementing the recommended primary outcome measured at an earlier time point in RCTs of outpatient antibiotic treatment performed in the ED setting

Study on Problems of Terminal Site Location

This paper, like previous ones, intends to facilitate the over-all evaluation, expanding the cost-benefit theory by incorporating the problems of surrounding areas. From the viewpoint of land use, we are able to apply linear programming to mixed land use, while 0-1 mixed integer programming is applicable to the case where mixed land use is not possible. Next, we shall be able to establish a standard of decentralized achievement by the application of duality problems to the model. Although this paper is unable to provide a direct and complete solution for actual problems, the proposed method in this paper may become a valuable source of information for policy-making

ショウワキチ ニ オケル F2ソウ チョウキ ヘンカ オヨビ トクイ ゲンショウ ニ ツイテ

昭和34年2月11日より35年1月16日に至る第3次越冬期間の電離層資料をもとにして,主としてF領域についての解析をおこなった.その第1はf_0F2の年間の変化をみると,f_0F2の最大値が正午より大幅におくれていることに着目し,その特性を南北両オーロラ地帯の資料と比較した.その結果f_0F2最大値の正午からの遅れは磁気経度と密接な関係を有し,又南北両極のF2層の変化は,対蹠点間で良い対応を示し,同経緯度にある局間では対応の悪いことが明らかになった.その第2は従来オーロラ反射と思われていたF領域における異常電離は昭和基地のイオノグラムの中にしばしば出現し,その特性,出現頻度をしらべると,Es層と非常に似通っており,今後Fs層として電離層特性の中に加えた方が便利であろうと考える

Tensor virial equation of evolving surfaces in sintering of aggregates of particles by diffusion

The moment of inertia tensor is a quantity that characterizes the morphology of aggregates of particles. The deviatoric components indicate the anisotropy of the aggregate, and its compactness is described by the isotropic component, i.e. the second moment of inertia, which is related to the radius of gyration. The equation of motion of the moment of inertia tensor is proposed for the sintering and coalescence of crystalline particles by bulk diffusion and surface diffusion. Simulations of the evolution of aggregates of particles (linear chains, rings and branched chains) show that the aggregates become more compact and more isotropic structures, driven by the surface energy tensor or the surface force density. The tensor virial equation for diffusion is applicable also to evolution of pores, precipitates and inclusions embedded in a surrounding matrix