Program Pelatihan Jurnalistik Sekolah di MA NU Tengguli Kecamatan Bangsri Kabupaten Jepara

The journalistic school service activities were carried out at MA NU Tengguli. This school has students who have the potential to write, both writing short stories, poetry, and poetry but are not structured and do not meet the standard rules of writing. Besides the ability to write news or opinions and articles not yet seen. The aim of this services is to increase the journalism skill of the students there. Based on the analysis, the activities carried out are 1) News writing training; 2) Training on making press releases; 3) Training on layout and editing of scripts. The results obtained are 1) Students are able to arrange interview questions and write in the form of reportage; 2) students are able to make news; 3) students are able to make press releases and understand the functions of public relations; 4) students are able to make simple layouts for wall magazines and do editing of scripts

Reversing Chromatin Accessibility Differences that Distinguish Homologous Mitotic Metaphase Chromosomes

BACKGROUND: Chromatin-modifying reagents that alter histone associating proteins, DNA conformation or its sequence are well established strategies for studying chromatin structure in interphase (G1, S, G2). Little is known about how these compounds act during metaphase. We assessed the effects of these reagents at genomic loci that show reproducible, non-random differences in accessibility to chromatin that distinguish homologous targets by single copy DNA probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (scFISH). By super-resolution 3-D structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) and other criteria, the differences correspond to \u27differential accessibility\u27 (DA) to these chromosomal regions. At these chromosomal loci, DA of the same homologous chromosome is stable and epigenetic hallmarks of less accessible interphase chromatin are present. RESULTS: To understand the basis for DA, we investigate the impact of epigenetic modifiers on these allelic differences in chromatin accessibility between metaphase homologs in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Allelic differences in metaphase chromosome accessibility represent a stable chromatin mark on mitotic metaphase chromosomes. Inhibition of the topoisomerase IIα-DNA cleavage complex reversed DA. Inter-homolog probe fluorescence intensity ratios between chromosomes treated with ICRF-193 were significantly lower than untreated controls. 3D-SIM demonstrated that differences in hybridized probe volume and depth between allelic targets were equalized by this treatment. By contrast, DA was impervious to chromosome decondensation treatments targeting histone modifying enzymes, cytosine methylation, as well as in cells with regulatory defects in chromatid cohesion. These data altogether suggest that DA is a reflection of allelic differences in metaphase chromosome compaction, dictated by the localized catenation state of the chromosome, rather than by other epigenetic marks. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of the topoisomerase IIα-DNA cleavage complex mitigated DA by decreasing DNA superhelicity and axial metaphase chromosome condensation. This has potential implications for the mechanism of preservation of cellular phenotypes that enables the same chromatin structure to be correctly reestablished in progeny cells of the same tissue or individual

Application of region growing segmentation method for mangrove zonation at Pulau Kukup, Johor

The anticipated impact of Sea Level Rise (SLR) for the next century has been studied for the past long years. Prolonged submergence and changes in tidal inundation frequency changed the intertidal community landscape including the mangroves zonation pattern. This study aims to identify the mangrove species distribution at Pulau Kukup, Johor using a high resolution, Worldview-2 satellite data. Mangrove extent was extracted from multispectral and panchromatic images using region growing segmentation method. Several thresholds were used to identify the best-fit segmentation parameters. Eleven plots of 100m transects were established in the study area to sample the representative mangrove trees. The type of mangrove species, tree height, Diameter at the Breast Height (DBH), elevation, coordinate location and the sediment sample were collected during the field survey based on Point-Centre-Quadrate Method (PCQM). The general characteristics of mangrove tree were investigated and sampled from 186 mangrove trees. Rhizophoraapiculata and R.mucronata were found dominating the outer part of the mangrove island facing the seaward area. From the field analyses, the relative density of Rhizophoraapiculata and R.mucronataare 41.9% and 16.7% respectively. The mangrove characteristic and coordinate locations were then mapped out and used as a reference point for training processes. The image classification is determined based on Bhattacharyya method and the mangrove zonation pattern was mapped from the result

Remarkable enhancement in crystalline perfection, second harmonic generation efficiency, optical transparency, and laser damage threshold in potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by L-threonine doping

Effect of L-threonine (LT) doping on crystalline perfection, second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency, optical transparency, and laser damage threshold (LDT) in potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals grown by slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) has been investigated. The influence of doping on growth rate and morphology of the grown crystals has also been studied. Powder x-ray diffraction data confirms the crystal structure of KDP and shows a systematic variation in intensity of diffraction peaks in correlation with morphology due to varying LT concentration. No extra phase formation was observed which is further confirmed by Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) studies. High-resolution x-ray diffraction curves indicate that crystalline perfection has been improved to a great extent at low concentrations with a maximum perfection at 1 mol % doping. At higher concentrations (5 to 10 mol %), it is slightly reduced due to excess incorporation of dopants at the interstitial sites of the crystalline matrix. LDT has been increased considerably with increase in doping concentration, whereas SHG efficiency was found to be maximum at 1 mol % in correlation with crystalline. The optical transparency for doped crystals has been increased as compared to that of pure KDP with a maximum value at 1 mol % doping

Observation of Kink Instability as Driver of Recurrent Flares in AR 10960

We study the active region NOAA 10960, which produces two flare events (B5.0, M8.9) on 04 June 2007. We find the observational signature of right handed helical twists in the loop system associated with this active region. The first B5.0 flare starts with the activation of helical twist showing ~3 turns. However, after ~20 minutes another helical twist (with ~2 turns) appears, which triggers M8.9 flare. Both helical structures were closely associated with a small positive polarity sunspot in the AR. We interpret these observations as evidence of kink instability, which triggers the recurrent solar flares.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for the Publication in Advances in Geoscience

Effects of Albizia saman (Jacq. Mull) leaf mulch on vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays L.) and soil chemical properties through biomass transfer

The study presents the effects of Albizia saman (Jacq. Mull) leaves in a biomass transfer as a source of organic fertilizer on the soil chemical properties and vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays) compared with NPK (15-15-15) in greenhouse condition. Albizia saman leaves and NPK (15-15-15) were applied at the rate of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 t/ha or 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha respectively, separately or in combination. The findings revealed that application of 2.5 t/ha A. saman leaves produced the maximum values for mean leaf number, leaf area and stem height (7.77, 212.24 cm2 and 49.67 cm, respectively) among the leaf much treatments but were not significantly different from those obtained by applying 90 kg/ha NPK fertilizer (7.86, 225.55 cm2 and 48.78 cm, respectively). However, the maximum number of leaf (8.4), leaf area (240.5 cm2), plant height (54.64 cm) and biomass (16.17 g) were obtained from the combination of 2.5 t/ha leaves with 90 kg/ha NPK. There was significant improvement in the soil chemical status with the application of 2.5 or 5.0 t/ha A. saman leaves whereas the application of 5.0 t/ha A. saman leaves experienced the highest value for organic carbon (3.56%), total nitrogen (0.23%) and potassium (0.16 mg/kg) and 2.5 t/ha leaves gave the highest value for available phosphorus (22.30 mg/kg). It can, therefore, be inferred that the application of 2.5 t/ha A. saman leaves as source of organic fertilizer will give a better growth of maize and the combination of this quantity with 90 kg/ha of NPK would give better results in crop yield and maintenance of soil fertility

TGF-beta 1 induces human alveolar epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition (EMT)

Background: Fibroblastic foci are characteristic features in lung parenchyma of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). They comprise aggregates of mesenchymal cells which underlie sites of unresolved epithelial injury and are associated with progression of fibrosis. However, the cellular origins of these mesenchymal phenotypes remain unclear. We examined whether the potent fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β1 could induce epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the human alveolar epithelial cell line, A549, and investigated the signaling pathway of TGF-β1-mediated EMT. Methods: A549 cells were examined for evidence of EMT after treatment with TGF-β1. EMT was assessed by: morphology under phase-contrast microscopy; Western analysis of cell lysates for expression of mesenchymal phenotypic markers including fibronectin EDA (Fn-EDA), and expression of epithelial phenotypic markers including E-cadherin (E-cad). Markers of fibrogenesis, including collagens and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were also evaluated by measuring mRNA level using RT-PCR, and protein by immunofluorescence or Western blotting. Signaling pathways for EMT were characterized by Western analysis of cell lysates using monoclonal antibodies to detect phosphorylated Erk1/2 and Smad2 after TGF-β1 treatment in the presence or absence of MEK inhibitors. The role of Smad2 in TGF-β1-mediated EMT was investigated using siRNA. Results: The data showed that TGF-β1, but not TNF-α or IL-1β, induced A549 cells with an alveolar epithelial type II cell phenotype to undergo EMT in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. The process of EMT was accompanied by morphological alteration and expression of the fibroblast phenotypic markers Fn-EDA and vimentin, concomitant with a downregulation of the epithelial phenotype marker E-cad. Furthermore, cells that had undergone EMT showed enhanced expression of markers of fibrogenesis including collagens type I and III and CTGF. MMP-2 expression was also evidenced. TGF-β1-induced EMT occurred through phosphorylation of Smad2 and was inhibited by Smad2 gene silencing; MEK inhibitors failed to attenuate either EMT-associated Smad2 phosphorylation or the observed phenotypic changes. Conclusion: Our study shows that TGF-β1 induces A549 alveolar epithelial cells to undergo EMT via Smad2 activation. Our data support the concept of EMT in lung epithelial cells, and suggest the need for further studies to investigate the phenomenon

Evaluation of parameters for subcritical water extraction of zingiber zerumbet using fractional factorial design

Zingiber zerumbet (Z. zerumbet) is recognized for decades for its usability as spice and condiment in food flavoring as well as having high medicinal properties. Up to date, there are limited literature on evaluation of the effects of multiple variables in details especially in pilot-scale subcritical water extraction (SWE) of Z. zerumbet. The aim for this study is to implement the fractional factorial design with five variables which are temperature (100-170°C), time (10-40 minutes), pressure (10-20 bar), particle size (0.89-3.56 mm) and solvent to solid ratio (20-40 ml/g) in SWE of Z. zerumbet. Analysis of variance for all responses stated that temperature, time, particle size and solvent to solid ratio are significant variables. Temperature is the most significant factor for zerumbone concentration and antioxidant activity with a p-value of <0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively. The solvent to solid ratio was the most significant factor for the yield of extraction with a p-value of 0.0002. Time and particle size were significant towards all responses, however pressure was not significant on zerumbone concentration and yield. Thus, the fractional factorial design could give a broad overview in selecting the significant variables for further optimization in SWE from the findings