Prevalence of tobacco consumption among adolescents from rural area of Wardha district

Background: Globally adolescent  population is around 1200 million and out of six person, every one person is in adolescence (aged10 to 19 years) period (1). Yet most of them are healthy, but premature death, illness and injury among them can hinder ability to grow and develop to their full potential. It is estimated that 1.2 million adolescents died in 2015 and mostly from preventable or treatable causes. Tobacco consumption is world's leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. National Family Health Survey conducted in year 2016-17 reported tobacco consumption prevalence 38.9% in urban area and 48% in rural area of India. Method: It was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in eight villages of Wardha district adopted under Community Health Care program run by department of community medicine. Data was collected by interview from 485 adolescent in the age group of 10-19 years by domiciliary visits using pre-designed pre-tested questionnaire from the period October 2016 to October 2018. Results: Prevalence of tobacco use (all forms), smokeless tobacco use and smoking in rural adolescents were 20.82%, 20.41%, and 2.68%, respectively. Prevalence of tobacco use in boys (30.29%) was more than girls (4.49%). Higher Prevalence was found in late adolescent period. Bidi was commonly used form of smoke tobacco while Kharra was the preferred smokeless tobacco. Almost all smokers were male but few exceptions were there. Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco use among rural adolescents was very high (20.82%) as compared to national prevalence of 14.6% according to the global youth tobacco survey India 2009. There is a need of early intervention for tobacco cessation as overall mean age of 1st experienced to tobacco consumption was 12.02 years and in male and female users it was 12.25 years and 10.88 years respectively. 42.10 % adolescents 1st time  experienced any type of tobacco products when they were in the 12-14 years age and only 0.66% adolescents experienced at the age of 17 -19 years. Maximum male (42.19%) and female (41.67%) ever user experienced their 1st tobacco consumption when they were 12-14 years old

Prevalence of tobacco consumption among adolescents from rural area of Wardha district

Background: Globally adolescent  population is around 1200 million and out of six person, every one person is in adolescence (aged10 to 19 years) period (1). Yet most of them are healthy, but premature death, illness and injury among them can hinder ability to grow and develop to their full potential. It is estimated that 1.2 million adolescents died in 2015 and mostly from preventable or treatable causes. Tobacco consumption is world\u27s leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. National Family Health Survey conducted in year 2016-17 reported tobacco consumption prevalence 38.9% in urban area and 48% in rural area of India. Method: It was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in eight villages of Wardha district adopted under Community Health Care program run by department of community medicine. Data was collected by interview from 485 adolescent in the age group of 10-19 years by domiciliary visits using pre-designed pre-tested questionnaire from the period October 2016 to October 2018. Results: Prevalence of tobacco use (all forms), smokeless tobacco use and smoking in rural adolescents were 20.82%, 20.41%, and 2.68%, respectively. Prevalence of tobacco use in boys (30.29%) was more than girls (4.49%). Higher Prevalence was found in late adolescent period. Bidi was commonly used form of smoke tobacco while Kharra was the preferred smokeless tobacco. Almost all smokers were male but few exceptions were there. Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco use among rural adolescents was very high (20.82%) as compared to national prevalence of 14.6% according to the global youth tobacco survey India 2009. There is a need of early intervention for tobacco cessation as overall mean age of 1st experienced to tobacco consumption was 12.02 years and in male and female users it was 12.25 years and 10.88 years respectively. 42.10 % adolescents 1st time  experienced any type of tobacco products when they were in the 12-14 years age and only 0.66% adolescents experienced at the age of 17 -19 years. Maximum male (42.19%) and female (41.67%) ever user experienced their 1st tobacco consumption when they were 12-14 years old

Development of CCME WQI model for the groundwater appraisal for drinking in Basaltic terrain of Kadava River basin, Nashik, India

1933-1940In this study, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Water Quality Index (CCMEWQI) model has been used to ascertain the groundwater suitability for drinking in Kadava River basin located in Nashik district, Maharashtra. Therefore, forty (40) representative groundwater samples were collected from different dug/bore well during Pre (PRM) and Post (POM) monsoon seasons of 2011 and analyzed by standard procedures of APHA. The parameters like pH, EC, TDS, TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, F, SO4 and NO3 were considered to compute the CCME WQI model. The results of CCME WQI values inferred that 7.5 % in PRM and 17.5 % samples in POM seasons fall in poor category. Moreover, 77.5 % and 60 % samples fall in marginal category in PRM and POM seasons. While, 15 % and 22.5 % samples came under fair category in PRM and POM seasons. Spatial distribution maps illustrated that North, Central and South regions are identified as vulnerable for drinking; hence, unfit for drinking. In a nutshell, groundwater quality is significantly deteriorated because of agricultural practices and anthropogenic activities, therefore appropriate monitoring along with proper remedial measures is essential to sustain the groundwater quality in the river basin

Health Problems among Elderly Patients visiting Primary Health Centre of Deoli Block in Wardha District, Central India: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Elderly is also known as senior citizens. There is a rapid growth in number of older population in India. The common health problems namely musculo-skeletal, cardiovascular, neurological, endocrinological systems, cataract, hearing difficulties, etc. are known to impair the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly population. The prevalence of common health problems among the elderly patients (≥60 years) visiting the Deoli P.H.C was evaluated. A cross-sectional study was carried out and a pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Most of the population in our study was illiterate. Most of them used assistive devices like spectacles, hearing aids, walking sticks, knee caps, lumbar belts etc. Most of the elderly reported ophthalmic problems, followed by cardiovascular, musculo-skeletal problems, GIT problems, insomnia, etc

Assessment of work-related musculoskeletal morbidity, perceived causes and preventive activities practiced to reduce morbidity among brick field workers

Background: Heavy load transportation, repetitive movements and abnormal posture are prevalent among brick field workers which lead to musculoskeletal morbidity. Aims & Objectives: Assessment of work-related musculoskeletal morbidity, perceived causes and preventive activities practiced by brick field workers. Material & Methods: It was a cross sectional study from July 2018 to April 2019. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommendations was used to assess preventive activities practiced by workers. Results: Most common site of musculoskeletal symptoms was shoulder (82%). Lifting weight for long distance (79%), repetitive gesture (59.5%) and bending trunk for long duration (53%) were the causes of musculoskeletal morbidity. Conclusion: Majority of male workers worked in the field for six to seven days per week and minor burns among them was common comparing to female. Most of the workers perceived, lifting weight for long distance was the major cause of musculoskeletal morbidity

Determinants and Associated Disability of Leprosy Patients Attending GMLF, Sevagram

Background: Leprosy, as an oldest disease known to a man and already eliminated from India in 2005, still poses a public health problem with steady new case detection rate. Method: The present study was carried out in Gandhi memorial leprosy foundation, Wardha, with the aim to find out proportion of multibacillary leprosy cases and various grading of disability and factors associated with it in this part of country. All the successive new OPD patients were included in study and examined for type of leprosy and grade of disability if present. Analysis done by Descriptive statistics. Result: 66 % had multibacillary type of leprosy and 44 % the disability. Higher age group, females, illiterate and less educated, unskilled and low income group were mostly affected. Conclusion: high proportion of multibacillary cases and disabilities reflects the need for active thrust to identify new cases

HIV Testing and Counselling in Rural India

BackgroundThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global pandemic and has grown into a public health problem of unprecedented magnitude. Integrated counselling and testing centre’s (ICTCs) have established as a cost-effective intervention to reverse this epidemic. The objective of this study was to find out the profile of clients attending the ICTC.Method  Data was collected over six months at an ICTC in a rural-private tertiary care hospital in Wardha district. 650 study participants attended the ICTC either by self referral or following referral by a health care provider. Data was collected by the counsellor and it was retrospective data.ResultsSeropositivity rate among ICTC clients was 12.5% (n=81), out of these, 70.5% were male. The majority (41.1%) of ICTC attendee belonged to the 16-30 years age group. Many attendees (31.5%) were skilled workers and 29.7% had completed their education up to high school level. Sero prevalence decreased with higher educational status and improved job type. 79.5% individuals were heterosexual and had a history of multiple sexual partners. All HIV positive clients were referred to a care and support programme but only 32% visited within on week and around 60.2% within one month.    ConclusionICTC centres at private rural hospitals should be encouraged so that people from such areas can access services to establish their HIV status. Seropositive clients can then be referred in a timely fashion to appropriate care and support programmes

Hexabot for Geology data collection and Soil Science

Geology data collection and soil science are interconnected but two different field of work. As the name suggests Geology focuses on study of minerals and Formation of earths and rocks, while soil science investigate the composition and formation of soil. The escalating interest for Scientist to Explore more diverse Environment rose a issue of safety of monitoring crew and cost of expensive operators have also been taken into accounts. In such conditions Autonomous Vehicle are being assigned to perform such task such that the data is collected without having Human interventions, but at some point, these vehicle fails due to some technical failures and their adaptability with the Environment. In this paper we have researched different types of robots and proposed Hexabot for geological data collection. How technology helps to function and behave with humans and some unique technologies life can be easy. The technology used after a collision or how the robots can be prepared to survive in different parameters and various deployable techniques for the robots. Other various technologies with the help of them the robots will be easier to control by normal citizen. Enhances the capability of survival while facing any major collisions

Common stress factors faced by elderly in Deoli area of Wardha district

Background: Previous studies have shown that elderly people faced numerous socio-psychological problems like stress, declining authority, lack of respect in the family, loneliness, difference of opinion with family members. To study this we further conducted a study in the deoli area of Wardha district from June to August, 2015. Objective: To find out common stress factors faced by elderly of Deoli area in Wardha district. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study. Simple random sampling technique was followed to include the study unit in the study sample and the study unit was selected by using lottery method from among the elderly population in the deoli area. Result: Elderly are more stressed from psychosocial problems than physical problems. They mostly suffer from limitation of physical activity (78%), back pain (66%) and joint pain (54%), sleep disturbance (88%), decrease in social life (88%), poor concentration (76%), and financial dependency(50%). Conclusion: It is concluded that there is urgent need for efforts on the part of the government and non-government organization to ensure guaranteed income, health care, social services, recreation and other requirements of the aged which will go a long way to reduce the problems of elderly