COCONUT MILK MODULATE THE ANTIGENICITY OF ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN IN BALB/C MICE

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the biochemical characteristics of coconut milk and its antigenic effect on the Balb/c mice immunized with α-lactalbumin protein, as well as its consequences on the structure of the intestinal epithelium.Methods: To achieve the objective of the study, an electrophoresis was realised on a polyacrylamide gel to determine various proteins contained in coconut milk. In addition, Lowry's method was used to determine the amount of proteins in the formula. The antigenicity of coconut milk in sera was also studied using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. For the histological study, 21 w-old mice Balb/c were used and distributed in three groups of 7 mice each. Group 1, received a standard feed with no treatment (Negative control), group 2 and 3 received respectively a standard feed (Positive control) and coconut milk for a period of 28 d after being immunized with α- lactalbumin.Results: Analysis of the data revealed that the rate of proteins of cow's milk is higher than that of the coconut milk ( p0.01). However, after carrying out the electrophoresis analysis, the coconut milk showed the absence of intact proteins. The anti α-Lactalbumin IgG titers significantly increased in positive control groups that received coconut milk (p<0.0001). Moreover, there was an increase of the intestinal villi height of mice fed with coconut milk, in the structure level of their intestinal epithelium compared to the negative control group.Conclusion: The findings of the study provide the evidence that coconut milk is a possible alternative to the cow's milk formula in case of allergy

EFFECTS OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEMIC RESPONSE AND INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL STRUCTURE IN BALB/C MICE IMMUNIZED BY BOVINE Î’-LACTOGLOBULIN

Objective: Determine the effect of Enterococcus faecium on systemic immune response and its effect on the intestinal epithelial structure in the Balb/c mice. Methods: Thirty Balb/c mice were dispatched in three lots of 10 mice each. During an initial period of 18 days, the animals from the first lot received via an oral way suspension of 0,3 mL containing 108 ufc/mL of Enterococcus faecium,for the second and the third lot received 0,3 mL of a saline solution. In a second period of time, mice from the first and second lots were immunised via parenteral way using β-Lg. Then they were sacrified on the 50th day after the end of the first period (18 days). The level of IgG anti-β-Lg was determined in the sera by the ELISA, and histologic studies were conducted on the jejunum fragments. Results: Our results show that anti β-Lactoglobulin IgG titers were significantly reduced in immunized mice that received the Enterococcus faecium (1/280th) (***p<0,001). The histological studies of the intestinal epithelium shows long intestinal villi (53,88 ± 1,38µm) with diminished intra-epithelial lymphocytes. Conclusion: The study shows that Enterococcus faecium PC4.1 may help protect the intestinal epithelium integrity by maintaining the structure of the villi and has the ability to decrease the systemic immune response to β-lactoglobulin

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL THIOETHERS FROM POLYHALOBUTADIENES AND THIOLS

Substituted perchlorobutadienes were synthesized from the reactions of hexachloro1,3-butadiene with some thiols in ethanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The oxidation products were obtained from the reactions of thioethers with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The structures of the new compounds were characterized by microanalysis and spectroscopic data

SYMBIOTIC ENHANCES GUT MUCOSA RECOVERY RATE AND REDUCES OVERGROWTH OF BACTERIA IN EXPERIMENTAL PROTEIN MALNUTRITION

Objective: Investigate the effect of symbiotic on the recovery of bowel atrophy and bacterial translocation (BT) induced by protein malnutrition (PM) in rats.Methods: Rats were fed protein-deficient diet (maize) or the standard diet (standard rat chow) for 15 days. On day 10, rats fed with the protein-deficient diet were subdivided into three groups for reconstitution with protein-rich diet and Symbiotic. Milk-MTZ group, received milk+Metronidazole for 5 days and Symbiotic group, fed with some diet and probiotics-oligofructosaccharide for 5 days. Body weight was monitored daily, and all animals were sacrificed on day 15, and intestinal microflora and bacterial translocation (BT) to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were evaluated. Histological studies were carried out to evaluate villi length and intra epithelial lymphocyte (IEL) infiltration.Results: Our results show the symbiotic group (n=6) having the greater gain in body weight (12% increase) than milk-MTZ-fed group (n=6, 0.61 % increase). Overgrowth of Enterobacteria in protein-deficient diet rats was higher than in controls (p<0.0001); whereas, significantly decreasing in symbiotic fed group (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in bacterial translocation between rats fed protein-deficient diet and those fed symbiotic rich diet. However, gut mucosa recovery was greater in symbiotic group (49.24 %).Conclusion: Our data suggests that symbiotic-rich diet induces an important gain in weight and leads to better recovery of gut mucosa, but without altering bacterial translocation rate induced by the protein-deficient diet.Â

New Triterpene Saponins from Duranta repens Linn. and Their Cytotoxic Activity

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A kinetic study for the removal of anionic sulphonated dye from aqueous solution using nano-polyaniline and Baker’s yeast

In this study, a method for the removal of anionic sulphonated Acid Red 14 (AR) dye from aqueous solution using the chemical interaction of dye molecules with nano-polyaniline is reported. Nano-polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized by chemical oxidation in presence of different surfactants. The experimental observations from UV/Vis spectroscopy, rule out the possibility of secondary doping of polyaniline salt by AR14 molecules. A possible mechanism for the chemical interaction between the polymer and dye molecules is proposed. In order to get a better comparison, adsorption experiments were also carried out using Baker’s yeast (BY) individually and in mixture with nano-PANI. Kinetic parameters for the adsorption of AR dye on the selected adsorbents are also reported. It was found that application of BY with PANI for the removal of anionic sulphonated dyes such as AR dye from aqueous solution is very promising

Phenotypic and Genotypic Identification of Bacteria from Women Breast-Milk and the Feces of their Childs in the Western Region of Algeria

Breast-milk is an important source of bacteria for the colonization of the infant‘s gut. The aim of our study was to isolate and identify bacteria from samples of breast-milk of 32 women and from fecal samples of their breast-fed infants. Antimicrobial activity of isolates was also performed. A total of 155 isolates were characterized by phenotypic tests and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The isolates belonged to 6 different species of acid lactic bacteria (LAB) and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Enterococcus faecium was the most frequently isolated species (40.8%) and faeces (42.5%). According to the mother’s lifestyle, we noticed that the genus Enterococcus was the most frequently isolated from rural mother’s milk as well as urban mother’s milk. Lactobacillus fermentum (P < 0.05) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (P < 0.01) were isolated only from rural mother’s milk. An antimicrobial activity was observed in 30 strains from 148 LAB, the higher level of antagonist was with E.faecium (35 mm). The observed results showed that the isolated strains from rural mother’s milk were different from that urban mother’s milk. Eventual studies can be carried out about lifestyle and nutrition of mothers to explain the effect on the flora found in the milk and feces infants