The effects of wind-induced inclination on the dynamics of semi-submersible floating wind turbines in the time domain

This study focusses on the coupling effects arising from the changes in the hydrodynamic behaviour of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine when it undergoes large inclinations under wind loading. By means of a range of time-domain simulations, it is shown that both the hull geometric nonlinearity effect and the alteration of viscous hydrodynamic forces can significantly affect the dynamics of a typical floating wind turbine operating in waves at rated conditions. The consequences of said effects for both aligned and misaligned wind and waves are explored. In general terms inclinations are found to increase motions, where the modes that are more affected depend on the relative direction between incident wind and waves. Understanding the sources of aero-hydrodynamic coupling is key to providing sound design and modelling guidelines for the coming generation of floating wind turbines

Improving shared decision making for lung cancer treatment by developing and validating an open-source web based patient decision aid for stage I–II non-small cell lung cancer

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a proof-of-concept open-source individualized Patient Decision Aid (iPDA) with a group of patients, physicians, and computer scientists. The iPDA was developed based on the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS). A previously published questionnaire was adapted and used to test the user-friendliness and content of the iPDA. The questionnaire contained 40 multiple-choice questions, and answers were given on a 5-point Likert Scale (1–5) ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” In addition to the questionnaire, semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients. We performed a descriptive analysis of the responses. The iPDA was evaluated by 28 computer scientists, 21 physicians, and 13 patients. The results demonstrate that the iPDA was found valuable by 92% (patients), 96% (computer scientists), and 86% (physicians), while the treatment information was judged useful by 92%, 96%, and 95%, respectively. Additionally, the tool was thought to be motivating for patients to actively engage in their treatment by 92%, 93%, and 91% of the above respondents groups. More multimedia components and less text were suggested by the respondents as ways to improve the tool and user interface. In conclusion, we successfully developed and tested an iPDA for patients with stage I–II Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

PLACE DE L'ENTEROSCOPIE PEROPERATOIRE DANS LE DIAGNOSTIC ET LE TRAITEMENT DES HEMORRAGIES DIGESTIVES DE CAUSE INDETERMINEE

PARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF

La Loi du 30 juillet 1981 tendant à réprimer certains actes inspirés par le racisme et la xénophobie

Editeur :Schüler HergoldingLieu :Munichinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Coordinated Learning for Wind Farm Optimization

Optimal efficiency and loads alleviation in a dynamic environment necessitates a wind farm controller that can anticipate and quickly adapt to changing wind and wake conditions. In this work, we explore several strategies for collective learning and optmization, first using a high-level parametric wake model, and then a more complex approach, i.e. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) coupled to a wind turbine model

Colorectal cancer care in elderly patients: Unsolved issues

IF 2.719International audienceColorectal cancers are common in elderly patients. However, cancer screening is poorly used after 75. Elderly patients form a heterogeneous population with specific characteristics. Standards of care cannot therefore be transposed from young to elderly patients. Tumour resection is frequently performed but adjuvant chemotherapy is rarely prescribed as there are no clearly established standards of care. In a metastatic setting, recent phase III studies have demonstrated that doublet front-line chemotherapy provided no survival benefit. Moreover, several studies have established the benefit of bevacizumab in association with chemotherapy. There is a lack of evidence for the efficacy of anti-epidermal growth factor antibodies in elderly patients. Geriatric assessments could help to select the adequate treatment strategy for individual patients. Geriatric oncology is now the challenge we have to face, and more specific trials are needed. (C) 2016 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Biomimetic individual pitch control for load alleviation

Individual pitch control has shown great capability of alleviating the oscillating loads experienced by wind turbine blades due to wind shear, atmospheric turbulence, yaw misalignement or wake impingement. This work presents a bio-inspired structure for individual pitch control where neural oscillators produce basic rhythmic patterns of the pitch angles, while a deep neural network modulates them according to the environmental conditions. This mimics, respectively, the central patterns generators present in the spinal chord of animals and their cortex. The mimicry further applies to the neural network as it is trained with reinforcement learning, a method inspired by the trial and error way of animal learning. Large eddy simulations of the reference NREL 5MW wind turbine using this biomimetic controller show that the neural network learns how to reduce fatigue loads by producing smooth pitching commands

Characterisation and Online Update of a Vorticity-Based Wind Skeleton Wake Model

Wind turbine wake physics is by nature unsteady and highly sensitive to the local wind characteristics. While modern Computational Fluid Dynamic methods (eg: Large Eddy Simulation) allow to accurately capture the flow at the wind farm scale, they still come at a prohibitive computational cost preventing their use for online control or Machine Learning schemes. This work pursues the recent efforts undertaken by Marichal et al. (2017) to develop a computationally affordable yet accurate unsteady Wake Model. Marichal et al. (2017) introduced and successfully tested a vorticity-based skeleton Wake Model (WM). This vorticity-based skeleton essentially consists of a regularized Vortex Sheet Tube (VST) in the near wake which then transitions into a Vortex Dipole Line (VDL) in the far wake. The rotor operation itself is modelled using the Blade Element theory. The present study further assesses the performances of the WM: it extends the validation procedure to various wind turbine settings (ie: different Tip Speed Ratios) and inflow conditions. The data recovered from the wake model is compared to that extracted from high fidelity numerical simulations performed on the NREL 5MW wind turbine using an Immersed Lifting Line-enabled Vortex Particle-Mesh (VPM) flow solver. Online model update strategies are then discussed. Indeed, the existing WM still requires the knowledge of the upstream wind conditions in order to provide an accurate downstream wind field estimate. Following Bottasso et al. (2018), an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) estimating the Rotor-Effective Wind Speed by a Blade-Load- based Estimator is implemented. This EKF allows to estimate the wind profile upstream the wind turbine and eventually to feed it to the vorticity-based skeleton wake model as an input parameter. We finally plan to extend the tools developed to a two-turbines system. The downstream wind profile provided by the Kalman estimator will be compared to that given by the wake model computed by the upstream turbine. Data assimilation techniques will then be used to correct the wake model online