Quantum dynamics of Bose-polaron in a dd-dimensional Bose Einstein condensate

We study the quantum motion of an impurity atom immersed in a Bose Einstein condensate in arbitrary dimension. The Bogoliubov excitations of the Bose Einstein condensate act as a bosonic bath for the impurity. We present a detailed derivation of the $d$-dimensional Langevin equations that describe the quantum dynamics of the system, and of the associated generalized tensor that describes the spectral density in the full generality. When the impurity is not trapped, we calculate the mean square displacement, showing that the motion is super diffusive. We obtain also explicit expressions for the super diffusive coefficient in the small and large temperature limits. We find that, in the latter case, the maximal value of this coefficient is the same in all dimensions. We study also the behaviour of the average energy and compare the results for various dimensions. In the trapped case, we study squeezing and find that the stronger position squeezing can be obtained in lower dimensions. We quantify the non-Markovianity of the particle's motion, and find that it increases with dimensionality.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figure

Classical Spin Models with Broken Continuous Symmetry: Random Field Induced Order and Persistence of Spontaneous Magnetization

We consider a classical spin model, of two-dimensional spins, with continuous symmetry, and investigate the effect of a symmetry breaking unidirectional quenched disorder on the magnetization of the system. We work in the mean field regime. We show, by numerical simulations and by perturbative calculations in the low as well as in the high temperature limits, that although the continuous symmetry of the magnetization is lost, the system still magnetizes, albeit with a lower value as compared to the case without disorder. The critical temperature at which the system starts magnetizing, also decreases with the introduction of disorder. However, with the introduction of an additional constant magnetic field, the component of magnetization in the direction that is transverse to the disorder field increases with the introduction of the quenched disorder. We discuss the same effects also for three-dimensional spins.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, RevTeX

Disorder-Induced Phase Control in Superfluid Fermi-Bose Mixtures

We consider a mixture of a superfluid Fermi gas of ultracold atoms and a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecules possessing a continuous U(1) (relative phase) symmetry. We study the effects that a spatially random photo-associative-dissociative symmetry breaking coupling of the systems. Such coupling allows to control the relative phase between a superfluid order parameter of the Fermi system and the condensate wavefunction of molecules for temperatures below the BCS critical temperature. The presented mechanism of phase control belongs to the general class of disorder-induced order phenomena that rely on breaking of continuous symmetry.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Negativity of the Wigner function as an indicator of nonclassicality

A measure of nonclassicality of quantum states based on the volume of the negative part of the Wigner function is proposed. We analyze this quantity for Fock states, squeezed displaced Fock states and cat-like states defined as coherent superposition of two Gaussian wave packets.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Self-organization in the olfactory system: one shot odor recognition in insects

We show in a model of spiking neurons that synaptic plasticity in the mushroom bodies in combination with the general fan-in, fan-out properties of the early processing layers of the olfactory system might be sufficient to account for its efficient recognition of odors. For a large variety of initial conditions the model system consistently finds a working solution without any fine-tuning, and is, therefore, inherently robust. We demonstrate that gain control through the known feedforward inhibition of lateral horn interneurons increases the capacity of the system but is not essential for its general function. We also predict an upper limit for the number of odor classes Drosophila can discriminate based on the number and connectivity of its olfactory neurons

The EarthCARE satellite: the next step forward in global measurements of clouds, aerosols, precipitation, and radiation

The collective representation within global models of aerosol, cloud, precipitation, and their radiative properties remains unsatisfactory. They constitute the largest source of uncertainty in predictions of climatic change and hamper the ability of numerical weather prediction models to forecast high-impact weather events. The joint European Space Agency (ESA)–Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Earth Clouds, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite mission, scheduled for launch in 2018, will help to resolve these weaknesses by providing global profiles of cloud, aerosol, precipitation, and associated radiative properties inferred from a combination of measurements made by its collocated active and passive sensors. EarthCARE will improve our understanding of cloud and aerosol processes by extending the invaluable dataset acquired by the A-Train satellites CloudSat, Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO), and Aqua. Specifically, EarthCARE’s cloud profiling radar, with 7 dB more sensitivity than CloudSat, will detect more thin clouds and its Doppler capability will provide novel information on convection, precipitating ice particle, and raindrop fall speeds. EarthCARE’s 355-nm high-spectral-resolution lidar will measure directly and accurately cloud and aerosol extinction and optical depth. Combining this with backscatter and polarization information should lead to an unprecedented ability to identify aerosol type. The multispectral imager will provide a context for, and the ability to construct, the cloud and aerosol distribution in 3D domains around the narrow 2D retrieved cross section. The consistency of the retrievals will be assessed to within a target of ±10 W m–2 on the (10 km)2 scale by comparing the multiview broadband radiometer observations to the top-of-atmosphere fluxes estimated by 3D radiative transfer models acting on retrieved 3D domains

Geodesics and the competition interface for the corner growth model

We study the directed last-passage percolation model on the planar square lattice with nearest-neighbor steps and general i.i.d. weights on the vertices, out- side of the class of exactly solvable models. Stationary cocycles are constructed for this percolation model from queueing fixed points. These cocycles serve as bound- ary conditions for stationary last-passage percolation, solve variational formulas that characterize limit shapes, and yield existence of Busemann functions in directions where the shape has some regularity. In a sequel to this paper the cocycles are used to prove results about semi-infinite geodesics and the competition interface