The action and interaction of calcium and alkali chlorides on eggs of Limnaea stagnalis and their chemical interpretation

1. 1. The action and interaction of CaCl2 and alkali chlorides on eggs of Limnaea stagnalis have been studied. 2. 2. CaCl2 antagonizes death caused by alkali chlorides. The number of normally developing embryos increases in all cases. 3. 3. Alkali chlorides antagonize death caused by CaCl2. With NaCl, KCl and CsCl the number of normally developing embryos increases; with LiCl normal development is promoted only to a small extent, but instead many exogastrulae are found. 4. 4. The reciprocal antagonism between CaCl2, on the one hand, and LiCl, NaCl, KCl and CsCl, respectively, on the other, with regard to normal and abnormal development or death gives rise to similar isothanates 50. 5. 5. The reciprocal antagonism between CaCl2 and alkali chlorides can be explained by their influence on phosphatides. The phosphatides of the cell membrane are considered to be of primary importance in this context

Symbiosis of bacteria with eggs of Dentalium at the vegetal pole

After deposition of egg cells of Dentalium dentale L., hair-like protrusions, which are Feulgen-positive, are clearly visible at the vegetal pole. On checking the American species Dentalium antillarum it appeared that similar protrusions are visible in this species