Biosensor comprising a modified metal surface and method for the modification of a metal surface

The present invention relates to a device for the detection of an analyte in a fluid, the device comprising: (a) a working electrode comprising a modified metal surface, wherein: (1) the metal is selected from the group consisting of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt and Au; (2) an enzyme is covalently attached to the metal surface via an alkyloxy or an alkenyloxy moiety and, optionally, a linker moiety; (3)the alkyloxy or alkenyloxy moiety is covalently bonded to said metal surface via the alkyloxy or alkenyloxy O- atom; and (4) the linker moiety, if present, is covalently bonded to theenzyme and to the alkyloxy or alkenyloxy moiety; (b) a reference electrode; and (c) means for detecting an electricalsignal, the means being operationally coupled to at least working electrode (a) and reference electrode (b). The device according to the invention is also referred to as a biosensor. The invention also relates to a process for the modification of a metal surface and to a modified metal surface obtainable by the process. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrode comprising said modified metal surface, and to a biosensor comprising said modified metal surface

Domain-wall superconductivity in hybrid superconductor-ferromagnet structures

no abstrac

Optical and magneto-optical properties of Fe 4−x Co x (x=1–3)

We report a systematic study of the electronic, optical, and magneto-optical properties of the Fe4-xCox (x = 1–3) compounds using the full-potential linearized augmented plane waves (FPLAPW) method within the local spin density approximation (LSDA). Pure Fe (x = 0) and Co (x = 4) have also been studied, the latter in hcp as well as bcc structure, to offer a better comparison. A good agreement is obtained between calculated optical conductivity spectra and experimental data. We note that the magneto-optical properties of these compounds are found to be more akin to those of bcc Co (which has MOKE very similar to that of bcc Fe) than to those of hcp Co. This shows strong impact of the environment on the MOKE of these compounds. With respect to the elemental values, the magnetic moments at Fe sites are found to be larger in general, while those at Co sites are almost the same. However, interestingly, despite their larger magnetic moment, the Kerr rotation remains comparable to that of bcc Fe for most of the energy range. The origin of Kerr spectra has been explained in terms of optical transitions