Small cetacean bycatch as estimated from stranding schemes: The common dolphin case in the northeast Atlantic

Death in fishing gear of non-target species (called ‘bycatch’) is a major concern for marine wildlife, and mostly worrying for long-lived species like cetaceans, considering their demographic characteristics (slow population growth rates and low fecundity). In European waters, cetaceans are highly impacted by this phenomenon. Under the Common Fishery Policy, the EC 812/2004 regulation constitutes a legal frame for bycatch monitoring on 5–10% of fishing vessels >15 m. The aim of this work was to compare parameters and bycatch estimates of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) provided by observer programmes in France and UK national reports and those inferred from stranding data, through two approaches. Bycatch was estimated from stranding data, first by correcting effectives from drift conditions (using a drift prediction model) and then by estimating the probability of being buoyant. Observer programmes on fishing vessels allowed us to identify the specificity of the interaction between common dolphins and fishing gear, and provided low estimates of annual bycaught animals (around 550 animals year−1). However, observer programmes are hindered by logistical and administrative constraints, and the sampling scheme seems to be poorly designed for the detection of marine mammal bycatches. The analyses of strandings by considering drift conditions highlighted areas with high levels of interactions between common dolphins and fisheries. Since 1997, the highest densities of bycaught dolphins at sea were located in the southern part of the continental shelf and slope of the Bay of Biscay. Bycatch numbers inferred from strandings suggested very high levels, ranging from 3650 dolphins year−1 [2250–7000] to 4700 [3850–5750] dolphins year−1, depending on methodological choices. The main advantage of stranding data is its large spatial scale, cutting across administrative boundaries. Diverging estimates between observer programmes and stranding interpretation can set very different management consequences: observer programmes suggest a sustainable situation for common dolphins, whereas estimates based on strandings highlight a very worrying and unsustainable process

The Euclid Archive Processing and Data Distribution Systems: A Distributed Infrastructure for Euclid and Associated Data

The Euclid Archive System is an ambitious information system, which sits at the heart of the Euclid Science Ground Segment. It is a joint development between the Euclid Consortium and the ESAC Science Data Centre. It encompases both Euclid data and the large volume of associated ground based data (e.g. KiDS, DES and LSST). The Euclid Science Ground Segment consists of the Euclid Science Operations Centre and ten national Science Data Centres. The large data volumes demand that data transfer is minimized and that the processing is taken to the data. This is supported by the Euclid Archive Data Processing System and the Euclid Archive Distributed Data System. The Data Processing System consists of a central metadata repository, which contains the information necessary to process any data item and full data lineage of any data product created. The Distributed Data System provides a cloud solution with a node at each of the national Science Data Centres, which controls data storage and transfer. It supports a large number of storage types, including POSIX, iRODS, gridftp and Xrootd. No limitations are placed on the storage implemented at an individual SDC. Further more, the user of the system needs no knowledge of where data is located. Jobs will be started at the most appropriate locations, or data transferred as necessary

The Role of the Euclid Archive System in the Processing of Euclid and External Data

Euclid is an ESA M2 mission which will create a 15,000 square degrees space-based survey: the Euclid Archive System (EAS) is a core element of the Science Ground Segment (SGS) of Euclid. The EAS follows a data-centric approach to data processing, whereby the Data Processing System (DPS) is responsible for the centralized metadata storage and the Distributed Storage System (DSS) supports the distributed storage of data files. The EAS-DPS implements the Euclid Common Data model and along with the EAS-DSS provides numerous services for Euclid Consortium users and SGS subsystems. In addition, the EAS-DPS assists in the preparation of Euclid data releases which are copied to the third EAS subsystem, the ESA developed Science Archive System (SAS) where they become available to the wider astronomical community. The EAS-DPS implements the object-oriented Euclid Common Data Model using a relational DBMS for the storage. The EAS-DPS supports the tracing of the lineage of any data item in the system, provides services for the data quality assessment and the data processing orchestration. The EAS-DSS is a distributed storage system which is based on a set of storage nodes located in each of the ten Science Data Centers of the Euclid SGS. The storage nodes supports a wide range of solutions from local disk, using a unix filesystem, to iRODS nodes or Grid storage elements. In this paper the architectural design of EAS-DPS and EAS-DSS are reviewed: the interaction between them and tests of the already implemented components are described

The Euclid Archive Processing and Data Distribution Systems: A Distributed Infrastructure for Euclid and Associated Data

The Euclid Archive System is an ambitious information system, which sits at the heart of the Euclid Science Ground Segment. It is a joint development between the Euclid Consortium and the ESAC Science Data Centre. It encompases both Euclid data and the large volume of associated ground based data (e.g. KiDS, DES and LSST). The Euclid Science Ground Segment consists of the Euclid Science Operations Centre and ten national Science Data Centres. The large data volumes demand that data transfer is minimized and that the processing is taken to the data. This is supported by the Euclid Archive Data Processing System and the Euclid Archive Distributed Data System. The Data Processing System consists of a central metadata repository, which contains the information necessary to process any data item and full data lineage of any data product created. The Distributed Data System provides a cloud solution with a node at each of the national Science Data Centres, which controls data storage and transfer. It supports a large number of storage types, including POSIX, iRODS, gridftp and Xrootd. No limitations are placed on the storage implemented at an individual SDC. Further more, the user of the system needs no knowledge of where data is located. Jobs will be started at the most appropriate locations, or data transferred as necessary

The Euclid Archive Processing and Data Distribution Systems: A Distributed Infrastructure for Euclid and Associated Data

The Euclid Archive System is an ambitious information system, which sits at the heart of the Euclid Science Ground Segment. It is a joint development between the Euclid Consortium and the ESAC Science Data Centre. It encompases both Euclid data and the large volume of associated ground based data (e.g. KiDS, DES and LSST). The Euclid Science Ground Segment consists of the Euclid Science Operations Centre and ten national Science Data Centres. The large data volumes demand that data transfer is minimized and that the processing is taken to the data. This is supported by the Euclid Archive Data Processing System and the Euclid Archive Distributed Data System. The Data Processing System consists of a central metadata repository, which contains the information necessary to process any data item and full data lineage of any data product created. The Distributed Data System provides a cloud solution with a node at each of the national Science Data Centres, which controls data storage and transfer. It supports a large number of storage types, including POSIX, iRODS, gridftp and Xrootd. No limitations are placed on the storage implemented at an individual SDC. Further more, the user of the system needs no knowledge of where data is located. Jobs will be started at the most appropriate locations, or data transferred as necessary

The Euclid Archive Processing and Data Distribution Systems: A Distributed Infrastructure for Euclid and Associated Data

The Euclid Archive System is an ambitious information system, which sits at the heart of the Euclid Science Ground Segment. It is a joint development between the Euclid Consortium and the ESAC Science Data Centre. It encompases both Euclid data and the large volume of associated ground based data (e.g. KiDS, DES and LSST). The Euclid Science Ground Segment consists of the Euclid Science Operations Centre and ten national Science Data Centres. The large data volumes demand that data transfer is minimized and that the processing is taken to the data. This is supported by the Euclid Archive Data Processing System and the Euclid Archive Distributed Data System. The Data Processing System consists of a central metadata repository, which contains the information necessary to process any data item and full data lineage of any data product created. The Distributed Data System provides a cloud solution with a node at each of the national Science Data Centres, which controls data storage and transfer. It supports a large number of storage types, including POSIX, iRODS, gridftp and Xrootd. No limitations are placed on the storage implemented at an individual SDC. Further more, the user of the system needs no knowledge of where data is located. Jobs will be started at the most appropriate locations, or data transferred as necessary

The Euclid Archive Processing and Data Distribution Systems: A Distributed Infrastructure for Euclid and Associated Data

The Euclid Archive System is an ambitious information system, which sits at the heart of the Euclid Science Ground Segment. It is a joint development between the Euclid Consortium and the ESAC Science Data Centre. It encompases both Euclid data and the large volume of associated ground based data (e.g. KiDS, DES and LSST). The Euclid Science Ground Segment consists of the Euclid Science Operations Centre and ten national Science Data Centres. The large data volumes demand that data transfer is minimized and that the processing is taken to the data. This is supported by the Euclid Archive Data Processing System and the Euclid Archive Distributed Data System. The Data Processing System consists of a central metadata repository, which contains the information necessary to process any data item and full data lineage of any data product created. The Distributed Data System provides a cloud solution with a node at each of the national Science Data Centres, which controls data storage and transfer. It supports a large number of storage types, including POSIX, iRODS, gridftp and Xrootd. No limitations are placed on the storage implemented at an individual SDC. Further more, the user of the system needs no knowledge of where data is located. Jobs will be started at the most appropriate locations, or data transferred as necessary

The Euclid Archive Processing and Data Distribution Systems: A Distributed Infrastructure for Euclid and Associated Data

The Euclid Archive System is an ambitious information system, which sits at the heart of the Euclid Science Ground Segment. It is a joint development between the Euclid Consortium and the ESAC Science Data Centre. It encompases both Euclid data and the large volume of associated ground based data (e.g. KiDS, DES and LSST). The Euclid Science Ground Segment consists of the Euclid Science Operations Centre and ten national Science Data Centres. The large data volumes demand that data transfer is minimized and that the processing is taken to the data. This is supported by the Euclid Archive Data Processing System and the Euclid Archive Distributed Data System. The Data Processing System consists of a central metadata repository, which contains the information necessary to process any data item and full data lineage of any data product created. The Distributed Data System provides a cloud solution with a node at each of the national Science Data Centres, which controls data storage and transfer. It supports a large number of storage types, including POSIX, iRODS, gridftp and Xrootd. No limitations are placed on the storage implemented at an individual SDC. Further more, the user of the system needs no knowledge of where data is located. Jobs will be started at the most appropriate locations, or data transferred as necessary